{"id":10223,"date":"2004-03-01T00:28:27","date_gmt":"2004-02-29T22:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=10223"},"modified":"2017-05-24T16:53:34","modified_gmt":"2017-05-24T13:53:34","slug":"gilgamesin-olumu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2004\/03\/01\/gilgamesin-olumu","title":{"rendered":"Gilgame\u015f\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"

Son y\u0131llarda yeni ad\u0131 Hadad, eski ad\u0131 Meturan oldu\u011fu saptanan yerdeki kaz\u0131da, Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ait, Nippur metninden biraz de\u011fi\u015fik ve hemen hemen 305 sat\u0131ra ula\u015fan bir metin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Arada baz\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131k sat\u0131rlar olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, 217 sat\u0131ra kadar okunabiliyor. Bu k\u0131s\u0131mda Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6l\u00fcm halinde hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6lece\u011fini bildiren r\u00fcyas\u0131, r\u00fcyan\u0131n do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/em><\/p>\n

Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ait baz\u0131 tablet par\u00e7alar\u0131 Nippur kaz\u0131lar\u0131nda bulunmu\u015ftu. Fakat onlardan tam bir metin \u00e7\u0131karmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildi. Son y\u0131llarda yeni ad\u0131 Hadad, eski ad\u0131 Meturan oldu\u011fu saptanan yerdeki kaz\u0131da, Nippur metninden biraz de\u011fi\u015fik ve hemen hemen 305 sat\u0131ra ula\u015fan bir metin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Arada baz\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131k sat\u0131rlar olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n. 217 sat\u0131ra kadar okunabiliyor. Bu k\u0131s\u0131mda Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6l\u00fcm halinde hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6lece\u011fini bildiren r\u00fcyas\u0131, r\u00fcyan\u0131n do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Gilgame\u015f’in hasta yata\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc r\u00fcya Gilgame\u015f 6 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr hasta. Pek \u00e7ok kahramanl\u0131klar yapm\u0131\u015f olan o, art\u0131k kolunu, aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131p\u0131rdatam\u0131yor. Onu hastal\u0131k cini Namtar yakalam\u0131\u015f. Bu arada bir r\u00fcya g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Bu r\u00fcyada, Tanr\u0131lar Meclisi’nde, Tanr\u0131 Enlil, An ve Enki bir\u00e7ok kahramanl\u0131klar ve iyi i\u015fler yapan Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6lmesine \u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcyorlar. Onlar yaln\u0131z Ziusudra’ya tufandan sonra \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vermi\u015fler; Gilgame\u015f’in annesi Tanr\u0131\u00e7a Ninsun oldu\u011fu halde, ona da \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vermelerine olanak yok. Buna Bilgelik Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Enki bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm buluyor: Gilgame\u015f yeralt\u0131nda oradakilerin y\u00f6neticisi olacak, Tanr\u0131 Ningi\u015fzida ve Dumuzi gibi s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7ecek. Onu, pek \u00e7ok kimseler ziyaret edecek. Gidece\u011fi yer de o kadar fena de\u011fil, orada kendi yak\u0131nlar\u0131, arkada\u015flar\u0131, sevdikleri bulunuyor. Geride kalanlar onu sayg\u0131yla anacaklar.<\/p>\n

Gilgame\u015f uyan\u0131nca \u00e7ok korkuyor. R\u00fcyay\u0131 yorumlat\u0131yor. Buna g\u00f6re, ger\u00e7ekten b\u00f6yle oluyor.<\/p>\n

18 sat\u0131r kadar k\u0131r\u0131k k\u0131s\u0131mdan sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcm, ba\u015fka par\u00e7alardan toplan\u0131yor. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, Gilgame\u015f’in o\u011flu Urlugal taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan babas\u0131n\u0131n mezar\u0131yla ilgili:<\/p>\n

Gilgame\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcm yata\u011f\u0131nda!<\/p>\n

Hey koca vah\u015fi bo\u011fa1 Yat\u0131yor, asla kalkamayacak!<\/p>\n

Bey Gilgame\u015f yat\u0131yor, art\u0131k asla kalkamayacak<\/p>\n

Kusursuz a\u011fac\u0131 getiren yat\u0131yor, art\u0131k asla kalkamayacak<\/p>\n

Omuz ba\u011f\u0131yla ba\u011flanan kahraman yat\u0131yor, art\u0131k asla kalkamayacak<\/p>\n

G\u00fcc\u00fc tam olan yat\u0131yor, art\u0131k asla kalkamayacak<\/p>\n

K\u00f6t\u00fc olan\u0131 ezen yat\u0131yor, art\u0131k asla kalkamayacak<\/p>\n

Bilgelikle konu\u015fan yat\u0131yor, art\u0131k asla kalkamayacak<\/p>\n

Da\u011fa t\u0131rmanmas\u0131n\u0131 bilen yat\u0131yor, art\u0131k asla kalkamayacak<\/p>\n

10- Kullab’\u0131n Beyi olan yat\u0131yor, art\u0131k asla kalkamayacak<\/p>\n

Keder yata\u011f\u0131nda yat\u0131yor, art\u0131k asla kalkamayacak<\/p>\n

Kalkam\u0131yor o, oturam\u0131yor o, o \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc,<\/p>\n

Yiyemiyor, i\u00e7emiyor, \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7ok.<\/p>\n

Namtar\u00b7\u0131n kilidi yakalam\u0131\u015f onu kalkam\u0131yor,<\/p>\n

G\u00f6lde yakalanan bal\u0131k gibi kalkam\u0131yor,<\/p>\n

Tuza\u011fa yakalanm\u0131\u015f ceylan gibi yat\u0131yor,<\/p>\n

Elleri olmayan, ayaklar\u0131 olmayan Namtar, gece yakalam\u0131\u015f insan\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bundan sonra bir\u00e7ok k\u0131r\u0131k sat\u0131r var. Biraz anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, Gilgame\u015f 6 g\u00fcnden beri hasta yat\u0131yor. \u00dczerine belki bir sihir olarak, tatl\u0131 bir \u015fey serpiliyor. Uruk ve Kullab halk\u0131, hep onun hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan konu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n

Sonra gen\u00e7 bey Gilgame\u015f<\/p>\n

Namtar’\u0131n yata\u011f\u0131nda yatarak r\u00fcya g\u00f6r\u00fcyor uykusunda.<\/p>\n

Bu r\u00fcyas\u0131nda:<\/p>\n

50- Bey Gilgame\u015f Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00f6ren yerindeki toplant\u0131s\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131p,<\/p>\n

Otururken ona dediler ki:<\/p>\n

Bu durumda: Her yolculukta ve her yolda sedir a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131 da\u011fdan getirdikten<\/p>\n

Huvavay\u0131 orman\u0131nda vurduktan sonra,<\/p>\n

Gelecek g\u00fcnler i\u00e7in s\u00fcresiz olarak heykeli dikildikte,<\/p>\n

Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n mabetlerini yapt\u0131ktan sonra,<\/p>\n

Sen Ziusudra’n\u0131n yerine ula\u015ft\u0131n.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkeye tamam\u0131yla unutulmu\u015f me’leri getirdin,<\/p>\n

60- El y\u0131kama, a\u011f\u0131z y\u0131kama geleneklerini iyi bir d\u00fczene koydun.<\/p>\n

Bundan sonra, 60-66 aras\u0131 sat\u0131rlar, k\u0131r\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Tufan\u0131n yerle\u015fim yerlerini, ayn\u0131 zamanda yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkeleri yok etti\u011fi gibi<\/p>\n

Gilgame\u015f \u00e7ekip al\u0131nmamal\u0131.”<\/p>\n

Bu Enlil\u2019in Enki’ye \u00f6nerisi idi.<\/p>\n

Enki, An ve Enlil’e cevap verdi:<\/p>\n

“Eski g\u00fcnlerde, \u00e7ok eski g\u00fcnlerde,<\/p>\n

70- Eski gecelerde, \u00e7ok eski gecelerde,<\/p>\n

Eski y\u0131llarda, \u00e7ok eski y\u0131llarda,<\/p>\n

Kurulumuz tufan\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131p her \u015feyi silip<\/p>\n

5up\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra,<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tohumunu kuruttuk (dedik).<\/p>\n

Ortam\u0131zda ya\u015fayan yaln\u0131z,<\/p>\n

Ziusudra, ya\u015fayan insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ad\u0131d\u0131r.”<\/p>\n

\u201cG\u00f6kte ve yerde ya\u015fam ad\u0131na yemin etti\u011fim,<\/p>\n

G\u00fcnden sonra insanl\u0131k ebedi hayata bir daha sahip olmayacakt\u0131r.”<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi onlar (An ve Enli!) g\u00f6zlerini Gilgame\u015f’e diktiler.<\/p>\n

Fakat onun annesi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden onu koruyamad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

80- Gilgame\u015f yeralt\u0131nda ruhlar aras\u0131nda,<\/p>\n

Yeralt\u0131n\u0131n valisi olsun o,<\/p>\n

En \u00f6nde ruh olsun o<\/p>\n

O (Enki) se\u00e7im karar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6ylece bildirdi:<\/p>\n

\u201cSen konu\u015ftu\u011fun zaman s\u00f6zlerin Dumizi ve Ningi\u015fzida gibi \u00f6nemli olsun.”<\/p>\n

Sonra gen\u00e7 bey, Gilgame\u015f<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011fa \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc olsun,<\/p>\n

\u00dcz\u00fcnt\u00fc olsun, ac\u0131 olsun o,<\/p>\n

Gen\u00e7ler ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc adamlar ay\u0131n hilalini g\u00f6zlerken,<\/p>\n

I\u015f\u0131k almas\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n

90- Utu’nun o\u011flu Sisik,<\/p>\n

Onun karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k versin,<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131k i\u00e7in getirdi\u011fim k\u00f6t\u00fc sihir, \u015fimdi senin i\u00e7in getirilsin,<\/p>\n

Benim kesilen g\u00f6bek ba\u011f\u0131m ne getirildiyse, \u015fimdi senin i\u00e7in getirilsin,<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en karanl\u0131k g\u00fcn\u00fc ula\u015facak sana,<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en yaln\u0131zl\u0131k yeri ula\u015facak sana,<\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslenemeyen tufan dalgas\u0131 ula\u015facak sana,<\/p>\n

E\u015fi olmayan kavga ula\u015facak sana,<\/p>\n

Ka\u00e7\u0131lamayan sava\u015f ula\u015facak sana,<\/p>\n

Kurtulunamayan k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck ula\u015facak sana,<\/p>\n

100- Senin k\u0131zg\u0131n kalbin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehre inmesin,<\/p>\n

Utu \u00f6n\u00fcnde s\u00f6ylenmeli:<\/p>\n

\u201cO benim i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyecek”<\/p>\n

Palmiye elyaf\u0131ndan ip gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcls\u00fcn, so\u011fan gibi soyulsun,<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tanr\u0131lar Anunakiler’in huzurunda cenaze kurban\u0131!<\/p>\n

en- rahibinin, lagar -rahibinin yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

lumah ve ere\u015fdingir’in yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

guda’n\u0131n ve gada’n\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

ere\u015fdingir’in, “ger\u00e7ek birinin” yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

Baban\u0131n, b\u00fcy\u00fckbaban\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

Annenin, k\u0131z karde\u015finin ve bebe\u011finin,<\/p>\n

110- De\u011ferli arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, dostlar\u0131n\u0131n,<\/p>\n

Gen\u00e7 adam, birlikte oldu\u011fun arkada\u015f\u0131n Enkidu’nun,<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehre atanm\u0131\u015f valinin,<\/p>\n

Askerin ustas\u0131n\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

Ordunun kumandan\u0131n\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

Bir adam\u0131n arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehir Arali’ye,<\/p>\n

Onlar\u0131n girdi\u011fi yere,<\/p>\n

K\u0131z karde\u015fini evinden sana getirtece\u011fin yere,<\/p>\n

Bebe\u011fini evinden sana getirtece\u011fin yere,<\/p>\n

Sana ait olanlar\u0131 ve sana de\u011ferli olanlar\u0131 sana getirtece\u011fin yere,<\/p>\n

\u015eehrin ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 sana getirtece\u011fin yere.”<\/p>\n

120- O \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc, onun kalbi s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131,<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi Anunakiler onu aralar\u0131na kabul ettiler,<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n aras\u0131nda onu ikinci olarak sayd\u0131lar,<\/p>\n

O (Enki) onu yeralt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na vali yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131y\u0131 yerine getirdi, o karar verdi:<\/p>\n

“Sen konu\u015ftu\u011fun zaman s\u00f6zlerin Ningi\u015fzida ve Dumuzi gibi \u00f6nemli say\u0131lacak.”<\/p>\n

Sonra gen\u00e7 bey, bey G\u0131lgame\u015f birden<\/p>\n

Kalkt\u0131 [O bir r\u00fcya idi! Titredi. O uyumu\u015ftu!]<\/p>\n

o elleriyle g\u00f6zlerini [o\u011fu\u015fturdu, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sessizlik vard\u0131]<\/p>\n

r\u00fcya …<\/p>\n

130- \u00fcya …<\/p>\n

Annemin beni do\u011furdu\u011fu g\u00fcndeki gibi toplant\u0131!<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fcnde…<\/p>\n

Tanr\u0131\u00e7a Ninsun’un kuca\u011f\u0131nda tuttu\u011fu zamanki gibi, eskisi gibi olacak m\u0131y\u0131m?<\/p>\n

… b\u00fcy\u00fck da\u011f…<\/p>\n

[elleri olmayan] ve ayaklar\u0131 olmayan N[amtar] ka\u00e7am\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

…Bu r\u00fcyan\u0131n yorumu bey Nudimmud taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131:<\/p>\n

Gilgame\u015f’in r\u00fcyas\u0131 do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor<\/p>\n

140- Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00f6ren yerindeki toplant\u0131s\u0131na,<\/p>\n

Bey Gilgame\u015f getirildi\u011finde,<\/p>\n

Gilgame\u015f otururken ona s\u00f6yledikleri,<\/p>\n

“Her gezisinde, her yolda<\/p>\n

Tek a\u011fa\u00e7 olan sediri da\u011flardan getirerek<\/p>\n

Huvava’y\u0131 ormanda vurduktan sonra,<\/p>\n

Gelecek g\u00fcnler i\u00e7in ebedi olarak heykeli dikildikten sonra,<\/p>\n

Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n mabedini in\u015fa ettikten sonra,<\/p>\n

Ziusudra’ya yerinde ula\u015ft\u0131n!<\/p>\n

\u00c7oktan beri Sumer’in unutulmu\u015f me’ !erini,<\/p>\n

150- Buyruklar\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u00f6renlerini getirdin!<\/p>\n

El y\u0131kamas\u0131n\u0131, a\u011f\u0131z y\u0131kamas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczene koydun1<\/p>\n

Oturulan yerleri ve yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkeleri y\u0131kan tufan…<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi Gilgame\u015f bunun gibi \u00e7ekip al\u0131nmamal\u0131!”<\/p>\n

Bu Enlil’in Enki’ye \u00f6nerisi idi.<\/p>\n

Enki Enlil’e cevap verdi:<\/p>\n

Eski g\u00fcnlerde, \u00e7ok uzak g\u00fcnlerde,<\/p>\n

160- Eski gecelerde, \u00e7ok uzak gecelerde,<\/p>\n

Eski y\u0131llarda, \u00e7ok uzak y\u0131llarda,<\/p>\n

Meclisin tufan\u0131 silip s\u00fcp\u00fcrtt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc,<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tohumu yok edildi\u011finde (dedi ki:)<\/p>\n

“Bizim aram\u0131zda ya\u015fayan tek insan sen<\/p>\n

Ziusudra canl\u0131 olan insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ad\u0131s\u0131n!<\/p>\n

O g\u00fcnlerde g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn ve yerin ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00fczerine<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ebedi ya\u015fam\u0131 olamayacakt\u0131r, diye yemin ettim.”<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi onlar (An ve Enli!) g\u00f6zlerini Gilgame\u015f’e diktiler.<\/p>\n

“Fakat onu annesi (Tanr\u0131\u00e7a Ninsun) dolay\u0131s\u0131yla koruyamam!<\/p>\n

170- Gilgame\u015f yeralt\u0131ndaki \u00f6l\u00fcler, ruhlar aras\u0131nda<\/p>\n

Yeralt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda vali olsun!<\/p>\n

O (Enki) se\u00e7imini bildirdi, karar\u0131n\u0131 verdi:<\/p>\n

\"\"
Gilgame\u015f ve Enkidu’yu g\u00f6steren bir kabartma.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

“Sen konu\u015ftu\u011fun zaman s\u00f6zlerin Ningi\u015fzida ve Dumuzi gibi \u00f6nemli olsun!”<\/p>\n

Sonra gen\u00e7 bey, Gilgame\u015f<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011fa, canl\u0131lara \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc olsun!<\/p>\n

O ya\u015fayan ve \u00f6lenler i\u00e7in,<\/p>\n

Ay\u0131n hilalini g\u00f6zleyen gen\u00e7ler ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc adamlar,<\/p>\n

Onsuz (Gilgame\u015f’siz) \u0131\u015f\u0131k alamas\u0131nlar!<\/p>\n

180- Onun o\u011flu Sisig,<\/p>\n

Onun karanl\u0131k yerlerini \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131k i\u00e7in getirdi\u011fim k\u00f6t\u00fc sihir \u015fimdi senin i\u00e7in getirilecek.<\/p>\n

Benim kesilen g\u00f6bek ba\u011f\u0131m ne getirdiyse, \u015fimdi sana senin i\u00e7in getirecek.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en karanl\u0131k g\u00fcn\u00fc sana ula\u015facak.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en yaln\u0131z yeri sana ula\u015facak ki,<\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslenemeyen tufan sana ula\u015facak.<\/p>\n

E\u015fi olmayan kavga sana ula\u015facak.<\/p>\n

Ka\u00e7\u0131lamayan sava\u015f sana ula\u015facak.<\/p>\n

Kurtulunamayan k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck sana ula\u015facak.<\/p>\n

190- Senin k\u0131zg\u0131n kalbin \u015fehre inmesin!<\/p>\n

Utu \u00f6n\u00fcnde s\u00f6ylenmeli: “O benim i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyecek.<\/p>\n

Palmiye elyaf\u0131ndan olan ip gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcls\u00fcn, so\u011fan gibi soyulsun!”<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tanr\u0131lar Anunakilerin huzurunda cenaze kurban\u0131na!<\/p>\n

en- rahibinin, lagar- rahibinin yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

lumah ve ere\u015fdingir’iri yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

Baban\u0131n, b\u00fcy\u00fckbaban\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

Annenin, k\u0131z karde\u015finin, bebe\u011finin,<\/p>\n

200- De\u011ferli arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, dostlar\u0131n\u0131n,<\/p>\n

Gen\u00e7 adam arkada\u015f\u0131n<\/p>\n

Enkidu’nun, \u00e7evrendekilerin,<\/p>\n

Kral\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehre yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 valinin yerine,<\/p>\n

Ordu ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

Ordu kumandan\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere,<\/p>\n

Bir adam\u0131n arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehir<\/p>\n

Arali’ye<\/p>\n

Onlar\u0131n girdi\u011fi yere (gireceksin!)<\/p>\n

(O yere) k\u0131z karde\u015fini evinden getirteceksin!<\/p>\n

Bebe\u011finin evinden bebe\u011fini getirteceksin!<\/p>\n

Kendininkini getirteceksin, de\u011fer verdi\u011fin birilerini getirteceksin.<\/p>\n

210- \u015eehrin ya\u011fl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 getirteceksin.”<\/p>\n

O keder i\u00e7inde, kalbi par\u00e7alan\u0131yor,<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi Anunakiler aralar\u0131nda sayd\u0131lar onu!<\/p>\n

Onlar b\u00fcy\u00fck Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n ikincisi olarak sayd\u0131lar onu!<\/p>\n

O (Enki) onu yeralt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na vali yapt\u0131,<\/p>\n

O yarg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirdi, karar\u0131n\u0131 verdi:<\/p>\n

“Sen konu\u015ftu\u011fun zaman s\u00f6z\u00fcn Nigi\u015fzida ve Dumuzi’nin s\u00f6zleri gibi \u00f6nemli olacak.”<\/p>\n

Gilgame\u015f’in mezar\u0131
\n<\/em><\/strong>Metnin bundan sonras\u0131, tahminen 18 sat\u0131rl\u0131k k\u0131r\u0131k k\u0131s\u0131mdan sonra, Gilgame\u015f’in o\u011flu taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan mezar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda. Bunlar \u00e7e\u015fitli k\u0131r\u0131k par\u00e7alardan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. O\u011flunun ad\u0131 Urlugal. Ad\u0131, kral listesinde de yer al\u0131yor. Yaz\u0131lanlardan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan anlama g\u00f6re, o mezar\u0131 \u00f6nce bir s\u00fcs gibi \u00e7izmi\u015f, sonra Uruk ve Kullab halk\u0131n\u0131 yard\u0131ma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

K\u0131r\u0131k olan k\u0131s\u0131m, sat\u0131r 216-234 aras\u0131 olarak kabul ediliyor.<\/p>\n

235- O …. onun \u00f6rne\u011fini \u00e7izdi\u011fi mezar bir ziynet gibi,<\/p>\n

Tanr\u0131lar\u0131 Enki \u015fa\u015fk\u0131na d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f onlara,<\/p>\n

R\u00fcyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc e\u011flence yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Urlugal yorumlad\u0131, kimsenin yorumlayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u00fcyay\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bey Urlugal \u015fehrinden yard\u0131m toplad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Haberci b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkede \u00f6tt\u00fcrd\u00fc borusunu.<\/p>\n

Uruk’un yard\u0131m\u0131 tufand\u0131,<\/p>\n

Kullab’\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131 dopdolu bir buluttu.<\/p>\n

Yar\u0131m ay ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

5 g\u00fcn de\u011fil, 10 g\u00fcn de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n

F\u0131rat’\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131lar, suyunu bo\u015faltt\u0131lar,<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, \u00e7\u0131kan kabuklar g\u00fcne\u015fi bile hayran ederdi.<\/p>\n

Sonra F\u0131rat’\u0131n ortas\u0131nda … onun sular\u0131 gitti.<\/p>\n

250- O mezar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015ftan yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Duvarlar\u0131 ta\u015ftand\u0131,<\/p>\n

Kap\u0131 kanatlar\u0131 ta\u015ftand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kilidi ve e\u015fi\u011fi diyorit ta\u015f\u0131ndand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kap\u0131 ekseni diyoritten,<\/p>\n

Ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 alt\u0131ndand\u0131.<\/p>\n

O a\u011f\u0131r ta\u015f kap\u0131y\u0131 kapad\u0131,<\/p>\n

\u00dczerine b\u00fct\u00fcn kara toprak d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc,<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, gelecek g\u00fcnlerde,<\/p>\n

Kimse bulamayacakt\u0131 mezar\u0131.<\/p>\n

260- Birisi onun y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc arasa bile bulamayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi Uruk’ta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ev meydana getirilmi\u015fti<\/p>\n

Onun sevgili kar\u0131s\u0131, onun sevgili \u00e7ocuklar\u0131<\/p>\n

Onun sevgili birinci kar\u0131s\u0131, ikinci kar\u0131s\u0131 (1)<\/p>\n

Buradan sonra Meturan tableti k\u0131r\u0131k. K\u0131r\u0131k k\u0131sm\u0131, Nippur’da bulunan tablette s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyoruz:<\/p>\n

\"\"
Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 insanl\u0131k tarihindeki bir \u00fctopik \u00f6zlemi de yans\u0131t\u0131r.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1- Onun sevgili kar\u0131s\u0131, sevgili \u00e7ocuklar\u0131,
\n2- Onun sevgili birinci kar\u0131s\u0131, ikinci kar\u0131s\u0131,
\n3- Onun sevgili \u015fark\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131,
\n4- Onun sevgili berberi,
\n5- Onun sevgili yanda\u015flar\u0131 sarayda haz\u0131rd\u0131lar.
\n6- Onun sevgili yarat\u0131klar\u0131,
\n7- Uruk’taki onun saray\u0131 olan a\u011f\u0131llar\u0131nda yat\u0131yorlard\u0131.
\n8- Nisun’un o\u011flu Gilgame\u015f,
\n9- Ere\u015fkigal i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan hediyeleri ortaya koydu.
\n10- ? i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan hediyeleri ortaya koydu.
\n11- Dimpikug i\u00e7in bu s\u00fcrprizleri ortaya koydu.
\n12- Bitti i\u00e7in hediyeleri ortaya koydu.
\n13- Ningi\u015fzida ve Dumuzi i\u00e7in hediyeleri ortaya koydu.
\n14- Enki, Ninki, Enmul, Ninmul,
\n15- Enduga, Ninduga,
\n16- Enda\u015furima ve Ninda\u015furimma,
\n17- Enmu-utula ve Enme\u015farra,
\n18- Enlil’in kad\u0131n ve erkek atalar\u0131 i\u00e7in.
\n19- Sofran\u0131n beyi \u015eulpae,
\n20- Sumukan ve Ninhursag.
\n21- Kutsal tepenin Anunna’s\u0131,
\n22- Kutsal tepenin Nungal’leri (-=igigi)
\n23- (\u00d6lm\u00fc\u015f) en-rahipleri ve \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f lagar- rahipleri,
\n24- (\u00d6lm\u00fc\u015f) lumah-rahipleri ve ere\u015fdingir- rahipleri,
\n25- (\u00d6lm\u00fc\u015f) gutla-rahipleri ve gada-rahipleri i\u00e7in
\n26- Hediyeler ortaya kondu.
\n27- \u2026
\n28- … bu hediyeleri ortaya koydu.
\n29- … o yatt\u0131.
\n30- Ninsun’un o\u011flu Gilgame\u015f
\n31- … suyu d\u00f6kt\u00fc (?)
\n32 –
\n33- … Onun i\u00e7in burunlar\u0131 ak\u0131yor.
\n34- Onun \u015fehrinin … insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131
\n35- \u2026
\n36- Onlar … toz i\u00e7ine serptiler.
\n37- Sonra gen\u00e7 bey, bey Gilgame\u015f,
\n38- Aral\u0131ks\u0131z Enlil’in (korumas\u0131) alt\u0131nda olan,
\n39- Ninsiun’un o\u011flu Gilgame\u015f,
\n40- … soyu, onunla boy \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc\u015fecek hi\u00e7bir kral do\u011fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n41- … bulunamaz, yoktur.
\n42- Kullab’\u0131n Beyi Gilgame\u015f, senin \u00f6vg\u00fcn tatl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Gilgame\u015f’in an\u0131lmas\u0131
\n<\/em><\/strong>Nippur Tableti burada bitiyor. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir Meturan tablet par\u00e7as\u0131nda bulunan, pek anla\u015f\u0131lamayan sat\u0131rlarda, Gilgame\u015f mezara girince arkas\u0131ndan sa\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 yolanlar ve burunlar\u0131 akanlardan (a\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in olacak) s\u00f6z edildikten sonra, Gilgame\u015f’in durumu ve onun an\u0131lmas\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131yor:<\/p>\n

295- ..<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi Gilgame\u015f’in<\/p>\n

Keyfi yerinde, kalbi mutlu idi.<\/p>\n

Olabildi\u011fince nam\u0131 olan adam,<\/p>\n

Eski\u00e7a\u011flardan beri heykeli yap\u0131lanlar\u0131n,<\/p>\n

300- Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n evlerine konulanlar\u0131n,<\/p>\n

Onlar\u0131n adlar\u0131 y\u00fcksek sesle okunur, asla unutulmaz!<\/p>\n

Enlil’in b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131z karde\u015fi Arura,<\/p>\n

\u00c7ocu\u011fu yerine bir\u00e7ok delikanl\u0131lar yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu heykel, eski g\u00fcnlerde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00fclkede y\u00fcksek sesle okundu\u011fu i\u00e7in,<\/p>\n

Ninazu’nun annesi Ere\u015fkigal, senin \u00f6vg\u00fcn tatl\u0131d\u0131r!<\/p>\n

Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ait metin burada bitiyor. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc konusu, orada burada bulunan tabletlerin, par\u00e7alar\u0131n bir araya getirilmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f. Edebi konular\u0131n hemen hepsinde, \u00e7e\u015fitli bilim insanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan m\u00fczelerde bulunan ayn\u0131 konuya ait par\u00e7alar saptan\u0131yor, kopya ediliyor. Bu kopyalar \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor, birbirini tamamlayan par\u00e7alar kopyalara g\u00f6re birle\u015ftiriliyor. En sonra da \u00e7evrileri yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bunlar\u0131 \u00e7evirmek \u00e7ok zor. Aradaki k\u0131r\u0131k yerler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden konunun ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan veya i\u015faretlerin \u00e7e\u015fitli okunu\u015flar\u0131 oldu\u011fundan \u00e7evirilerde yanl\u0131\u015f anlamalar da oluyor. Bunlar yaln\u0131z bir ki\u015finin de\u011fil, birka\u00e7 Sumerolo\u011fun u\u011fra\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 sonucu onaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ancak. Bu metni daha \u00f6nce yay\u0131mlananlarla bir araya getirerek, son \u00e7evrisini Cavigneaux ve Al-Rawi yapt\u0131. Onlar\u0131n \u00e7evirisini yeniden d\u00fczelterek kendi yorumlar\u0131yla yay\u0131mlayan Niek Velhuis oldu. Bizim \u00e7evrimiz, bu sonuncunun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na (2) dayan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

D\u0130PNOTLAR
\n<\/strong>1) Eski Sumer’ de ikinci bir kar\u0131 yak. Bu konu \u00e7ok sonra yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, ortaya ikinci kad\u0131n \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f.
\n2) Niek Velhuis, The Solution of Dreem: A new lnterpretution of Gilgame\u015f’s Death, JCS 53, 2001.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Son y\u0131llarda yeni ad\u0131 Hadad, eski ad\u0131 Meturan oldu\u011fu saptanan yerdeki kaz\u0131da, Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ait, Nippur metninden biraz de\u011fi\u015fik ve hemen hemen 305 sat\u0131ra ula\u015fan bir metin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Arada baz\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131k sat\u0131rlar olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, 217 sat\u0131ra kadar okunabiliyor. Bu k\u0131s\u0131mda Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6l\u00fcm halinde hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6lece\u011fini bildiren r\u00fcyas\u0131, r\u00fcyan\u0131n do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131yor. Gilgame\u015f’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ait […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":10224,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,20,222],"tags":[244,671,672],"class_list":["post-10223","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1-sayi","category-arkeoloji","category-tarih","tag-arkeoloji","tag-gilgamis","tag-sumer"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10223","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10223"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10223\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10223"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10223"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}