Her y\u0131l binlerce insan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden olan grip esas olarak ku\u015f hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Grip vir\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 mutasyon ge\u00e7irir ve bazen bu mutasyon ku\u015f gribinin ba\u015fka s\u0131cakkanl\u0131 t\u00fcrlere yay\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olur. Grip vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn h\u0131zl\u0131 mutasyonu, etkin bir a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeyi zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Amerika\u2019da 2004-2005 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a Wall Street Journal<\/em> grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7eneklerine ili\u015fkin uzunca bir yaz\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Edit\u00f6rlerin listesindeki ilk se\u00e7enek FluMist<\/em> idi. Re\u00e7eteyle sat\u0131lan FluMist <\/em>burun spreyi bi\u00e7iminde kullan\u0131lan canl\u0131 vir\u00fcs a\u015f\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. FluMist<\/em> olduk\u00e7a etkili bir a\u015f\u0131d\u0131r, ancak, zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f canl\u0131 vir\u00fcs bi\u00e7iminde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck risk alt\u0131ndaki gruplarda, 49 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc olan ki\u015filerde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sak\u0131ncal\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. Gribin ba\u015fl\u0131ca bula\u015fma bi\u00e7imi gribe yakalanm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerle el temas\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in edit\u00f6r yaz\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131k s\u0131k ellerin y\u0131kanmas\u0131n\u0131 da sal\u0131k veriyordu. Wall Street Journal <\/em>e\u011fer size grip te\u015fhisi konduysa, doktorunuzun amantadine<\/em> gibi grip s\u00fcresini k\u0131salt\u0131labilecek antiviral haplar da \u00f6nerebilece\u011fine i\u015faret ediyordu.<\/p>\n Bu \u00f6nerilerin hi\u00e7birine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kamazs\u0131n\u0131z Ancak edit\u00f6r yaz\u0131s\u0131 bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131zd\u0131ran bir ba\u015fka se\u00e7ene\u011fe de i\u015faret ediyordu. Yaz\u0131, bir se\u00e7enek olarak homeopatik ila\u00e7 olan oscillococcinum<\/em>\u2019u da listeye alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Homeopati, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ki\u015fide bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaratacak maddelerden az dozlarda vererek sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z ki\u015fide o hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n sa\u011falt\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapma y\u00f6ntemidir. Bu konudaki yumu\u015fak uyar\u0131 \u201chomeopatik mekanizman\u0131n soru i\u015faretleri ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d bi\u00e7imindeydi. Ancak homeopatik mekanizma \u201csoru i\u015faretleri ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yor\u201d, homeopatik mekanizma diye bir \u015fey yok.<\/p>\n Do\u011fal grip ilac\u0131 olarak bilinen Oscillococcinum<\/em> di\u011fer grip ila\u00e7lar\u0131 gibi eczac\u0131lar\u0131n raflar\u0131nda bulunur. Di\u011fer ila\u00e7lar gribi \u00f6nleme veya iyile\u015ftirme iddias\u0131nda bulunmaz, yaln\u0131zca burun t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, adele a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 gibi durumlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fik etkinlik derecesiyle azalt\u0131r. Di\u011fer ila\u00e7lar, ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesi, a\u011f\u0131z kurulu\u011fu gibi yan etkilerin listesini de verir. Ancak Oscillococcinum<\/em>\u2019un yan etkisi yoktur -asl\u0131nda hi\u00e7 etkisi yoktur. Gribine \u00e7are olacak bir \u015fey arayan hasta eczanedeki grip raf\u0131na g\u00f6z att\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kutu \u00fczerine k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harflerle yaz\u0131l\u0131 olan \u201chomeopathic\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dikkat bile etmiyordur. Dikkat etmi\u015f olanlar bile ne anlama geldi\u011fini bilmiyordur. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu Amerika\u2019da sat\u0131lan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00fcvenilir ve etkili oldu\u011funun kan\u0131tland\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131r. Ancak ne yaz\u0131k ki durum hi\u00e7 de b\u00f6yle de\u011fil.<\/p>\n Kongre, baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131 saf besin ve ila\u00e7 yasalar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmu\u015ftur. Senatoya girmeden \u00f6nce homeopati doktoru olan New York senat\u00f6r\u00fc Royal Copeland, 1938 y\u0131l\u0131nda ge\u00e7en Besin, \u0130la\u00e7 ve Kozmetik Yasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act) ba\u015f sponsoruydu. Bu yasa, FDA\u2019nin denetiminde bulunan Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia<\/em> listesindeki t\u00fcm homeopatik ila\u00e7lar\u0131n denetimden ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a isteyen bir \u00f6nlem i\u00e7eriyordu. Bu ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k bug\u00fcn de h\u00e2l\u00e2 ge\u00e7erli. Copeland\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7e son derce basit: homeopatik ila\u00e7lar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savundu\u011fu etkiyi do\u011frulaman\u0131n bir yolu yoktur. Bu ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k homeopatiye pazardaki di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u0131lan ya\u011flar\u0131ndan daha fazla avantaj sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Oscillococcinum<\/em> yaln\u0131z Fransa\u2019daki Boiron Laboratuvarlar\u0131nda \u00fcretiliyor. \u00dcretim, bir s\u00f6ylenceye g\u00f6re, Meksika\u2019da Orta ve G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019da ya\u015fayan \u00f6rde\u011fin (Barbary duck-Cairina moschata<\/em>) karaci\u011feri ve kalbinden al\u0131nan bir maddenin i\u015flenmesiyle ba\u015fl\u0131yor. \u00d6zellikle bu vah\u015fi \u00f6rdek t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ni\u00e7in onurland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fil, ancak su ku\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6zellikle gribe kar\u015f\u0131 zay\u0131ft\u0131rlar ve bu nedenle \u00f6rde\u011fin i\u00e7 organlar\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan bir \u015feyin insanlar\u0131 hastal\u0131ktan koruyaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n Boiron s\u00fcrecindeki bir sonraki ad\u0131m \u00f6rdek karaci\u011fer \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn homeopatik suland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7, g\u00f6rece\u011fimiz gibi, oscillococcinum<\/em>\u2019un \u00f6rde\u011fin organlar\u0131ndan elde edilen maddeden hi\u00e7birini, bir tek molek\u00fcl\u00fc bile i\u00e7ermemesidir.<\/p>\n Eczane raflar\u0131ndaki di\u011fer ila\u00e7larda oldu\u011fu gibi, \u00fcreticinin Oscillococcinum<\/em> paketi \u00fczerine ilac\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011finin listesini koymas\u0131 gerekir. Boiron Oscillococcinum<\/em>\u2019un etkileyici i\u00e7eri\u011finin listesini Latince olarak verir: anas barbariae hepatis et cordis extractum<\/em>, \u201cBarbary \u00f6rde\u011fin karaci\u011fer ve kalbinden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lanlar\u201d. Konsantrasyon 200CK HPUS olarak verilir. Bu ilac\u0131 kullananlar\u0131n bunun ne anlama geldi\u011fini bildikleri konusunda ku\u015fkular\u0131m var. \u201cK\u201d, Oscillococcinum<\/em>\u2019un suland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. \u201cC\u201d, ilk<\/em> suland\u0131r\u0131lman\u0131n y\u00fczde 1 oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir. \u201c200\u201d, suland\u0131rman\u0131n arka arkaya 200 kez yinelendi\u011fini anlat\u0131r. HPUS, ilac\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011finin ABD\u2019nin Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia<\/em> listesinde resmi olarak -bir di\u011fer deyi\u015fle, 1938 Copeland ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla- bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. K\u0131sacas\u0131, Oscillococcinum<\/em> FDA denetiminden ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. O zaman ne oluyor? Soyuluyorsun.<\/p>\n \u015eimdi rakamlar\u0131 konu\u015ftural\u0131m: e\u011fer y\u00fczde 1 konsantrasyonla ba\u015flarsan ve bir ba\u015fka y\u00fczde 1 i\u00e7inde suland\u0131r\u0131rsan, konsantrasyon 1\/10.000 olur. Bir kez daha suland\u0131r\u0131rsan 1\/1.000.000 elde edersin vd. \u0130lac\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi molek\u00fcllerden olu\u015ftu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu rakamlar\u0131n bir s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u015eimdi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, \u00f6yle bir noktaya ula\u015ft\u0131n\u0131z ki, haz\u0131rlanan ilac\u0131n i\u00e7inde yaln\u0131zca bir tane Oscillococcinum<\/em> molek\u00fcl\u00fc kald\u0131. Buna suland\u0131rma s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 denir. E\u011fer ilac\u0131 bir kez daha suland\u0131r\u0131rsan\u0131z i\u00e7inde hi\u00e7 molek\u00fcl kalmama olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 1\/100 olacakt\u0131r. \u0130lac\u0131n \u015fi\u015fe oylumuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak suland\u0131rma s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na belki bir d\u00fczine suland\u0131rma sonunda ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r -geriye yap\u0131lacak 188 suland\u0131rma kal\u0131r. Suland\u0131rma s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde yap\u0131lacak olan \u201csuland\u0131rma\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 yitirir. Suland\u0131r\u0131lacak bir \u015fey kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lac\u0131n i\u00e7inde ila\u00e7 yok.<\/p>\n Bu sav\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde homeopatlar omuzlar\u0131n\u0131 silker ve homeopati mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve d\u00fcnyada milyonlarca ki\u015finin bu y\u00f6ntemi ge\u00e7erli bulduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylerler. Bu ki\u015filerden birisi \u0130ngiltere Krali\u00e7esi II. Elizabeth\u2019dir. Elizabeth\u2019in ki\u015fisel homeopat\u0131 vard\u0131r ve kendisine her g\u00fcn homeopatik kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar haz\u0131rlar. Homeopatlara g\u00f6re, ilac\u0131n \u201cetkin i\u00e7eri\u011fi\u201d tamamen suland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p yok olsa bile, sa\u011falt\u0131m etkisinin sprit\u00fcel \u00f6z\u00fc kal\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Suland\u0131rma i\u015flemi ilac\u0131n i\u00e7indeki etkin madde yok oluncaya dek s\u00fcrse bile, homeopatlar\u0131n sav\u0131na g\u00f6re, ilac\u0131n iyile\u015ftirme gizilg\u00fcc\u00fc artar. Onlara g\u00f6re su an\u0131msar.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kaynak:<\/strong> Robert L. Park, Superstititon<\/em>, Belief in the Age of Science<\/em>, Princeton University Press, Princeton & Oxford, 2008)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Her y\u0131l binlerce insan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden olan grip esas olarak ku\u015f hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Grip vir\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 mutasyon ge\u00e7irir ve bazen bu mutasyon ku\u015f gribinin ba\u015fka s\u0131cakkanl\u0131 t\u00fcrlere yay\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olur. Grip vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn h\u0131zl\u0131 mutasyonu, etkin bir a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeyi zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Amerika\u2019da 2004-2005 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a Wall Street Journal grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7eneklerine ili\u015fkin uzunca bir yaz\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":475,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[109,19,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-72-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t