{"id":10437,"date":"2011-04-01T20:13:09","date_gmt":"2011-04-01T17:13:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=10437"},"modified":"2017-05-26T20:15:13","modified_gmt":"2017-05-26T17:15:13","slug":"primatlarin-yeni-evrimsel-tarihi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2011\/04\/01\/primatlarin-yeni-evrimsel-tarihi","title":{"rendered":"Primatlar\u0131n yeni evrimsel tarihi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Primatlar\u0131n taksonomisine dair uzun s\u00fcredir var olan sorular\u0131, yeni d\u00fczenlenen soyolu\u015f a\u011fac\u0131 yan\u0131tl\u0131yor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde var olan primatlar\u0131n genomlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131l\u0131k bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor ve bu \u00e7e\u015fitlilik insan evrimini yorumlamak i\u00e7in ilgi \u00e7ekici bir ba\u011flam sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Uluslararas\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan soyolu\u015f analizi, primat soylar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kenleri, evrimi, t\u00fcrle\u015fme \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri ve genomlar\u0131ndaki \u00f6zg\u00fcn farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 belirlemek amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n

17 Mart\u2019ta Plos Genetics<\/em> adl\u0131 dergide yay\u0131mlanan makalenin yazarlar\u0131 186 primat t\u00fcr\u00fcnde 54 adet gen b\u00f6lgesini tarad\u0131lar. Analizler geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 genomik yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n, \u00e7ok fazla t\u00fcr i\u00e7eren soyolu\u015flar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesindeki \u00f6nemini ortaya koydu. T\u00fcrlerin ve t\u00fcrlere ait gen dizilimlerinin evrimi ve adaptasyonu sadece insan genomunu ve genetik hastal\u0131klara duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamakla kalm\u0131yor, ayr\u0131ca zoonoz hastal\u0131klar\u0131n k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, memelilerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 genom yap\u0131lar\u0131, primat taksonomisi ve t\u00fcrlerin korunmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcne kadar primat sistemati\u011fini \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan molek\u00fcler genetik verileri a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 olmakla birlikte kapsam a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131. Sadece taksonlar\u0131n baz\u0131 spesifik altk\u00fcmelerini kapsamaktayd\u0131. ABD, Brezilya, Fransa ve Almanya\u2019dan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ekip, t\u00fcrlerdeki ayr\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131ndaki hiyerar\u015finin ve s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde \u0131raksak primat soylar\u0131na yol a\u00e7an i\u015fleyi\u015fin ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlanabilmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. Bulgular eski \u00e7a\u011flardan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze primat evrimindeki olaylar\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor ve taksonomiyle ilgili \u00e7ok say\u0131da tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 ayd\u0131nlat\u0131yor. S\u00fcregiden t\u00fcrle\u015fme, evrimsel a\u011flar, eski kal\u0131nt\u0131 soylar, e\u015fitsiz evrim oranlar\u0131 ve primat soylar\u0131nda tamamen farkl\u0131 \u015fekilde da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ekleme\/\u00e7\u0131karma mutasyonlar\u0131 gibi konulara a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getiriyor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla ilgili a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle: \u201cEvrimsel ba\u011flam veya hiyerar\u015fi kesin bir \u015fekilde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmeden enfeksiyon hastal\u0131klar\u0131na, kansere diren\u00e7 veya duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7an genlerdeki de\u011fi\u015fimler, rekombinasyon mekanizmalar\u0131 ve genomdaki de\u011fi\u015fkenlik a\u00e7\u0131klanamaz. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmada ortaya konan primat t\u00fcrlerine ait soyolu\u015f, insan adaptasyonunun ve hastal\u0131klar\u0131n genetik temellerinin ortaya konmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erli bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve sunuyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kaynak<\/strong>: Polina Perelman, Warren E. Johnson, Christian Roos, Hector N. Seu\u00e1nez, Julie E. Horvath, Miguel A. M. Moreira, Bailey Kessing, Joan Pontius, Melody Roelke, Yves Rumpler, Maria Paula C. Schneider, Artur Silva, Stephen J. O’Brien, Jill Pecon-Slattery. A Molecular Phylogeny of Living Primates. PLoS Genetics<\/em>, 2011; 7 (3): e1001342 DOI: 10.1371\/journal.pgen.1001342<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Primatlar\u0131n taksonomisine dair uzun s\u00fcredir var olan sorular\u0131, yeni d\u00fczenlenen soyolu\u015f a\u011fac\u0131 yan\u0131tl\u0131yor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde var olan primatlar\u0131n genomlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131l\u0131k bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor ve bu \u00e7e\u015fitlilik insan evrimini yorumlamak i\u00e7in ilgi \u00e7ekici bir ba\u011flam sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Uluslararas\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan soyolu\u015f analizi, primat soylar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kenleri, evrimi, t\u00fcrle\u015fme \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri ve genomlar\u0131ndaki \u00f6zg\u00fcn farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 belirlemek amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":716,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[123,19],"tags":[200,644],"class_list":["post-10437","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-86-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-evrim","tag-primatlar"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t