{"id":10447,"date":"2011-04-01T20:24:32","date_gmt":"2011-04-01T17:24:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=10447"},"modified":"2017-05-26T20:25:57","modified_gmt":"2017-05-26T17:25:57","slug":"felc-icin-yeni-umut","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2011\/04\/01\/felc-icin-yeni-umut","title":{"rendered":"Fel\u00e7 i\u00e7in yeni umut!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fel\u00e7 ve kafa travmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan zarar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, beyinde \u201cglutamat\u201d ad\u0131 verilen, n\u00f6rotransmitter maddenin y\u00fcksek miktarda \u00fcretilmesi ya da birikmesi sonucu olmaktad\u0131r. \u015eu ana kadar bu zarar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, tasarlanan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n beyin kan duvar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ememesi ya da ge\u00e7se bile planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131 nedeniyle, imk\u00e2ns\u0131z gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmekteydi. Fakat Weizmann Bilim Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde tasarlanan bir y\u00f6ntem ile yak\u0131n gelecekte glutamat kaynakl\u0131 zarar\u0131n giderilmesini y\u00fcksek oranda sa\u011flanacak gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Glutamat, k\u0131sa \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc bir n\u00f6rotransmitter ajan olup, normal \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda beyin omurilik s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 (BOS) hari\u00e7 b\u00fct\u00fcn v\u00fccut s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Fakat bir fel\u00e7 ya da kaza durumu sonras\u0131nda h\u00fccrelerden BOS\u2019a glutamat sal\u0131nmas\u0131 ve BOS\u2019taki glutamat miktar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek seviyelere \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, bu ajan\u0131n beyindeki sinir h\u00fccrelerinin kendi kendilerine \u00f6l\u00fcme gitmesine neden olmaktad\u0131r. Weizmann Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc N\u00f6roloji b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden Prof. Vivian Teichberg\u2019in 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ile BOS\u2019taki bu y\u00fcksek glutamat seviyesinin kontrol edilebilir olmas\u0131 fikri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Teichberg\u2019in fikri, \u00e7e\u015fitli transporter\u2019lar ya da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck pompalar ile BOS\u2019taki glutamat\u0131n, konsantrasyon fark\u0131ndan kaynaklanan gradiyent ile kana pompalanabilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeydi. Hatta kandaki glutamat miktar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek bu pompalama etkisinin artt\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Bu do\u011frultuda 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda do\u011fal bir enzim olan \u201coxaloacetate transaminase\u201d (GOT) enziminin kandaki glutamat\u0131 temizleyerek, konsantrasyonu \u00f6nemli derecede d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilece\u011fi g\u00f6sterilmi\u015fti. Daha sonra 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, Teichberg ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, kafa travmas\u0131 modeli olu\u015fturulmu\u015f s\u0131\u00e7anlara GOT ya da t\u00fcrevleri verilince, \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek seviyede korunma ve iyile\u015fme sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlendi.<\/p>\n

Bu iki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma temel al\u0131narak, J. Castillo ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, s\u0131\u00e7anlarda fel\u00e7 benzeri model olu\u015fturuldu ve GOT enjekte edilmi\u015f s\u0131\u00e7anlarda, kandaki ve fel\u00e7ten etkilenen b\u00f6lgedeki glutamat miktar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli derecede d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, h\u00fccre \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ve ona ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak lezyon b\u00fcy\u00fcmesinin yine \u00f6nemli oranlarda azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlendi. Daha sonra yap\u0131lan klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, fel\u00e7 ya da travma hastalar\u0131nda iyile\u015fmenin ya da iyi prognozun, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck glutamat ve y\u00fcksek GOT seviyeleri ile korelasyon g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ile, GOT enziminin fel\u00e7 ve travma hastalar\u0131nda iyile\u015fme s\u00fcrecine do\u011frudan etki g\u00f6stererek s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve iyile\u015fme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n anlaml\u0131 derecede art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Fel\u00e7 ve travman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, beyinde glutamat birikmesinin g\u00f6zlemlendi\u011fi Alzheimer, Parkinson, Multipl Skleroz, epilepsi ve ASL gibi bir\u00e7ok hastal\u0131kta GOT enzimi ve t\u00fcrevlerinin tedavi modalitesi olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, hatta tamamen iyile\u015fmenin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde olumlu etkileri olabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Hatta Prof. Teichberg bu y\u00f6ntem ile ilgili olarak tedavi modalitelerine ait farkl\u0131 patentleri elinde bulunduruyor.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KAYNAKLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2011\/02\/110208101314.htm,21,\u015eubat 2011.<\/p>\n

2) Francisco Campos, Tom\u00e1s Sobrino, Pedro Ramos-Cabrer, B\u00e1rbara Argibay, Jes\u00fas Agulla, Mar\u00eda P\u00e9rez-Mato, Raquel Rodr\u00edguez-Gonz\u00e1lez, David Brea, Jos\u00e9 Castillo.Neuroprotection by glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase in ischemic stroke: an experimental study<\/strong>.\u00a0Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism<\/em>, 2011; DOI:\u00a010.1038\/<\/u>jcbfm.2011.3<\/p>\n

3) Francisco Campos, Tom\u00e1s Sobrino, Pedro Ramos-Cabrer, Mar Castellanos, Miguel Blanco, Manuel Rodr\u00edguez-Y\u00e1\u00f1ez, Joaqu\u00edn Serena, Rogelio Leira, Jos\u00e9 Castillo.\u00a0High blood glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase levels are associated with good functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke<\/strong>.\u00a0Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism<\/em>, 2011; DOI:\u00a010.1038\/jcbfm.2011.4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fel\u00e7 ve kafa travmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan zarar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, beyinde \u201cglutamat\u201d ad\u0131 verilen, n\u00f6rotransmitter maddenin y\u00fcksek miktarda \u00fcretilmesi ya da birikmesi sonucu olmaktad\u0131r. \u015eu ana kadar bu zarar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, tasarlanan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n beyin kan duvar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ememesi ya da ge\u00e7se bile planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131 nedeniyle, imk\u00e2ns\u0131z gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmekteydi. Fakat Weizmann Bilim Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde tasarlanan bir y\u00f6ntem ile yak\u0131n gelecekte […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":780,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[123,19],"tags":[347],"class_list":["post-10447","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-86-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-noroloji"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t