{"id":10703,"date":"2011-05-01T21:39:11","date_gmt":"2011-05-01T18:39:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=10703"},"modified":"2017-05-29T21:41:26","modified_gmt":"2017-05-29T18:41:26","slug":"milanodaki-oluler-sehri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2011\/05\/01\/milanodaki-oluler-sehri","title":{"rendered":"Milano\u2019daki \u201c\u00f6l\u00fcler \u015fehri\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Milano d\u00fck\u00fc Francesco Sforza\u2019n\u0131n 1456\u2019da yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Magna Domus Hospitalis\u2019\u0131n (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Ospedale Maggiore) i\u00e7indeki kilisenin taban alt\u0131nda bir mezarl\u0131k g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kaz\u0131y\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten arkeologlar\u0131n aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, 550 bin ki\u015fi g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc tarihi hastanenin mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 1473-1695 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Milanolular yat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi Milano\u2019da vebaya yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131lan ilk vatanda\u015f olarak an\u0131lan asker Pietro A. Lovato ile orta\u00e7a\u011fda Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 kas\u0131p kavuran veba salg\u0131n\u0131nda ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 yitiren y\u00fczlerce ba\u015fka hastan\u0131n da Magnus Domus\u2019da g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fcklerini anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Milano Adli T\u0131p Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde g\u00f6revli adli hekim, antropolog ve morgdaki sahipsiz \u00f6l\u00fclerin \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Gece N\u00f6beti<\/em> adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n yazar\u0131 Cristina Cattaneo, 550 bin \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn hastane kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyerek Milano\u2019nun iki y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca sa\u011fl\u0131k haritas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izecekleri bir proje geli\u015ftirmeyi planl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Magna Domus mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Milano\u2019nun merkezinde bir t\u00fcr \u201c\u00f6l\u00fcler \u015fehri\u201d. \u015eimdilik \u0130talya\u2019da \u015fehir nekropol\u00fc i\u00e7inde g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan ilk ve tek \u00f6rnek. Hastanenin avlusundaki Santa Maria dell\u2019Annunciata kilisesinin taban\u0131 alt\u0131nda onlarca metrekarelik bir alan\u0131 kaps\u0131yor mezarl\u0131k.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n eksiksiz ilk hasta ar\u015fivi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Milano\u2019nun \u201c\u00f6l\u00fcler \u015fehri\u201d, farkl\u0131 disiplinlerden gelen bilim insanlar\u0131na teslim edilecek. Milano \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde Antropoloji ve Odontoloji Laboratuvar\u0131\u2019na (Labanof) ba\u015fkanl\u0131k eden Cristina\u00a0 Cattaneo, orta\u00e7a\u011f tarih\u00e7isi Francesca Vaglienti ve Ca\u2019Granda Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ar\u015fiv sorumlusu Paolo Galimberti ile birlikte Magnus Domus\u2019un mezarl\u0131k ar\u015fivini inceledikten sonra elde ettikleri bilgileri, Milano Devlet Ar\u015fivi\u2019nde korunan \u201cMortuorum Libri-\u00d6l\u00fcler Kitab\u0131\u201dnda kay\u0131tl\u0131, 1452-1801 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6len 1.5 milyon ki\u015finin kay\u0131tlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131racak.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Francesca Vaglienti, bu tarihi mezarl\u0131kta g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc 550 bin ki\u015finin hastane kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa\u2019da orta\u00e7a\u011fda ya\u015fayan vatanda\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc konusunda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi veren ilk ve eksiksiz bir ar\u015fiv oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n

Milanolu ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar her bir iskeleti inceleyerek bu ki\u015filerin \u00f6lmeden \u00f6nce hangi hastal\u0131klar nedeniyle hastaneye yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve hangi nedenle \u00f6ld\u00fcklerini anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak. \u00dc\u00e7 boyutlu teknik y\u00f6ntemler uygulanarak \u00f6l\u00fclerin ya\u015flar\u0131 ve cinsiyetleri belirlenirken, beden yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve y\u00fczleri bilgisayar ortam\u0131nda yeniden canland\u0131r\u0131lacak. Kay\u0131tlar\u0131n aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgiler ve iskeletlere uygulanan teknikler birle\u015ftirilerek orta\u00e7a\u011fda Milanolular\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k r\u00f6ntgeni \u00e7ekilmi\u015f olacak.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vebadan \u00f6lenler de g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Cattaneo ve ekip arkada\u015flar\u0131 paleodemografik ve paleopatolojik y\u00f6ntemlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra genetik ve toksikolojik y\u00f6ntemlere de ba\u015fvurarak 6 y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00f6nce Milano\u2019da vatanda\u015flar\u0131n hastal\u0131klardan nas\u0131l korundu\u011funu, ne t\u00fcr tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da \u00e7\u00f6zmeyi \u00e7abal\u0131yor. Baz\u0131 genetik unsurlar\u0131n zamana ve neme ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yeterli bilgi veremeyece\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekilse de sa\u00e7 \u00f6rneklerinden\u00a0 al\u0131nan DNA\u2019lar\u0131n baz\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar iletece\u011fini umuyor.<\/p>\n

Magnus Domus mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda erkekler, kad\u0131nlar, yeti\u015fkinler, \u00e7ocuklar hatta baz\u0131 evcil hayvanlar da g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc. Ar\u015fiv sorumlusu Paolo Galimberti, hastanenin hizmet vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1473 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren kemiklerin yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. D\u00f6nemin bas\u0131n\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan haberlere g\u00f6re Milano\u2019daki veba salg\u0131n\u0131nda, 1629\u2019da bu hastaneye yat\u0131r\u0131lan, \u0130talyan edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc yazari Alessandro Manzoni\u2019nin \u201cPromessi Sposi\u201d roman\u0131na da konu olan, Pier Antonio Lovato ile Pier Paolo Locati de bu mezarl\u0131kta, y\u00fczlerce ba\u015fka veba kurban\u0131 ile birlikte uyuyor.<\/p>\n

Milano\u2019daki \u201c\u00f6l\u00fcler \u015fehri\u201dnin bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rlarla ilgili ilk ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgiler i\u00e7in haziran ay\u0131n\u0131n sonunu beklememiz gerekiyor<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Milano d\u00fck\u00fc Francesco Sforza\u2019n\u0131n 1456\u2019da yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Magna Domus Hospitalis\u2019\u0131n (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Ospedale Maggiore) i\u00e7indeki kilisenin taban alt\u0131nda bir mezarl\u0131k g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kaz\u0131y\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten arkeologlar\u0131n aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, 550 bin ki\u015fi g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc tarihi hastanenin mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 1473-1695 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Milanolular yat\u0131yor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi Milano\u2019da vebaya yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131lan ilk vatanda\u015f olarak an\u0131lan asker Pietro A. Lovato ile orta\u00e7a\u011fda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":266,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[124,20],"tags":[244,230,706],"class_list":["post-10703","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-87-sayi","category-arkeoloji","tag-arkeoloji","tag-insanlik-tarihi","tag-veba"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10703","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/266"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10703"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10703\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10703"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10703"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10703"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}