{"id":11200,"date":"2011-06-01T19:06:36","date_gmt":"2011-06-01T16:06:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=11200"},"modified":"2017-06-06T19:07:48","modified_gmt":"2017-06-06T16:07:48","slug":"osmanli-devleti-ne-zaman-kuruldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2011\/06\/01\/osmanli-devleti-ne-zaman-kuruldu","title":{"rendered":"Osmanl\u0131 devleti ne zaman kuruldu?"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Yata\u011fano\u011flu Alimcan\u2019\u0131n \u201cForum\u201d k\u00f6\u015fesinde yay\u0131nlanan \u201cHakiki 700. y\u0131l\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine)<\/p>\n

Yazar, hakl\u0131 olarak Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin kurulu\u015fu i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen tarihleri ele\u015ftiriyor. Ger\u00e7ekten Osmanl\u0131 Devleti \u015fu tarihte kuruldu diye kesin bir tarih verilemez. Ancak bir s\u00fcre\u00e7ten s\u00f6z edilebilir.<\/p>\n

Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti 1243 K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f ve \u0130lhanl\u0131lara vasal olmu\u015ftu. \u0130lhanl\u0131lar ise Kubilay Han\u2019a vasall\u0131k ili\u015fkisiyle ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131lar. (Saltanat\u0131 1260-1294) B\u00fcy\u00fck Mo\u011fol Han\u2019\u0131na vasall\u0131k ili\u015fkisiyle ba\u011flanan devletin h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131na \u201c\u0130lhan\u201d ad\u0131 verilirdi.<\/p>\n

1308\u2019de Sultan Mesut\u2019un \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131 ve beylikler do\u011frudan \u0130lhanl\u0131lara ba\u011fland\u0131lar. Son \u0130lhanl\u0131 Ebu Gazi Bagatur Han\u2019\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle \u0130lhanl\u0131 Devleti de tarihe kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve Anadolu beylikleri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na kavu\u015ftular.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da \u00f6zetledi\u011fim konjonkt\u00fcrle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015f nedenlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralayabiliriz:<\/p>\n

1) Bizans s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda bulunan beylik burada Mo\u011fol bask\u0131s\u0131ndan uzak kalm\u0131\u015f ve y\u0131pranmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

2) Bizans; Tekfur ad\u0131 verilen derebeyleri \u00fczerindeki hakimiyeti kaybetmi\u015f ve bu tekfurlar ba\u015f\u0131na buyruk hareket eder hale gelmi\u015flerdi. \u0130mparator ordu toplayam\u0131yordu. Osman Gazi bu sayede, bu beylikleri birer birer ele ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n

3) Osman Bey\u2019in fetihlerde g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ba\u015far\u0131 Anadolu a\u015firetlerinin kendisine y\u00f6nelmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Gaziler, gaza ve ganimet i\u00e7in ak\u0131n ak\u0131n b\u00f6lgeye gelerek Osman Bey\u2019in ordusuna kat\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

4) Osman Gazi\u2019nin kay\u0131nbabas\u0131 \u015eeyh Edibali\u2019nin Ahi olmas\u0131 Ahi\u2019lerin de Osman Bey\u2019i desteklemelerini sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Osman Gazi 1326\u2019da \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde hemen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn Marmara B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ni topraklar\u0131na katm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

A\u015firetten devlete ge\u00e7i\u015f Orhan Gazi (1326-1362) d\u00f6nemindedir. Divan\u2019\u0131n, yaya ve m\u00fcsellem te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n kurulu\u015fu ve devlet protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn olu\u015fmas\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemdedir. Orhan Gazi ilk defa kendi ad\u0131na sikke bast\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sikke bast\u0131rmak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilan\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin kurulu\u015fu i\u00e7in mutlaka bir tarih vermek gerekirse sikkenin bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarih olabilir.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Murad (H\u00fcdavendig\u00e2r)<\/strong>: Fars\u00e7a olan H\u00fcdavendig\u00e2r kelimesi Allah\u2019\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131ndan biri olmakla birlikte, insanlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; efendi, h\u00e2kim, yetkisini kendi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan alan ki\u015fi anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu unvan: I. Murat\u2019a, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlette tahta \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ilk Osmanl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in verilmi\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    (Yata\u011fano\u011flu Alimcan\u2019\u0131n \u201cForum\u201d k\u00f6\u015fesinde yay\u0131nlanan \u201cHakiki 700. y\u0131l\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine) Yazar, hakl\u0131 olarak Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin kurulu\u015fu i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen tarihleri ele\u015ftiriyor. Ger\u00e7ekten Osmanl\u0131 Devleti \u015fu tarihte kuruldu diye kesin bir tarih verilemez. Ancak bir s\u00fcre\u00e7ten s\u00f6z edilebilir. Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti 1243 K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f ve \u0130lhanl\u0131lara vasal olmu\u015ftu. \u0130lhanl\u0131lar ise Kubilay Han\u2019a vasall\u0131k […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":789,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[126,535],"tags":[700,238],"class_list":["post-11200","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-89-sayi","category-forum","tag-osmanli-imparatorlugu","tag-tarih"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t