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Brown \u00dcniversitesi b\u00fcnyesinde bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, aya ait erimi\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131larda ilk defa olarak suyun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit ettiler. Bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler, Ay\u2019\u0131n manto tabakas\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerindeki su miktar\u0131n\u0131n D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcst mantosunda bulunan su miktar\u0131 kadar \u00e7ok olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n
\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131lan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar, erimi\u015f kaya kristalleri i\u00e7indeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00fcreciklerdir. Bu kristaller patlamalar s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fan volkanik cam d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcleri i\u00e7inde bulunmaktad\u0131r. Science Express<\/em>\u2019te yay\u0131nlanan yeni bulgular; Ay magmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erdi\u011fi su miktar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda g\u00f6sterilenden 100 kat daha fazla oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n Bu bulgu, 1960\u2019lar\u0131n sonu ve 1970\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda NASA\u2019n\u0131n Apollo g\u00f6revleri ile Ay\u2019dan getirilen volkanik camlarda, su ve di\u011fer u\u00e7ucu maddeler \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan y\u0131llar s\u00fcren ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n bir sonucu. Nature<\/em> dergisinde 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan ve Brown \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Profes\u00f6r Alberto Saal taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, suyun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair ilk basit kan\u0131tlar sunulmu\u015f ve yap\u0131lan modellemelerle patlamadan \u00f6nce magmada ne kadar su oldu\u011fu belirlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n Prof. Saal; \u201c2008 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada Ay\u2019dan gelen magma kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131ndaki ilkel su miktar\u0131n\u0131n D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcst mantosundan y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f lavdaki su miktar\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftik. \u015eimdi ise bunun ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlad\u0131k.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Bu yeni bulguya Brown \u00dcniversitesi lisans \u00f6\u011frencisi olan Thomas Weinreich\u2019dan kritik bir destek geldi. Weinreich, magmadan gelen erimi\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bularak, ekibin patlama \u00f6ncesindeki su konsantrasyonunu \u00f6l\u00e7mesinin ve sonu\u00e7 olarak da Ay\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7indeki su miktar\u0131n\u0131n tahmin edilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7t\u0131. Weinreich, Apollo 17 g\u00f6revi s\u0131ras\u0131nda astronot Harrison Schmitt taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedilen y\u00fcksek titanyum oran\u0131na sahip \u201cturuncu toprak\u201d tanelerinden binlercesini samanl\u0131kta i\u011fne arar gibi tek tek ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Makalenin ikinci yazar\u0131 olan Weinreich \u201c\u00dczerinde sadece baz\u0131 siyah lekelere sahip temiz bir \u00f6rnek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n G\u00f6kta\u015flar\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda D\u00fcnya ve G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019ndeki di\u011fer i\u00e7 gezegenler nispeten daha az su ve u\u00e7ucu madde i\u00e7erir. Bu de\u011fi\u015fken maddeler gezegen olu\u015fumu s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u00e7 G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nde bol miktarda bulunmamaktayd\u0131. Ay \u00fczerinde daha az miktarda bulunan bu u\u00e7ucu maddelerin de y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k olu\u015fturan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma sonucu olu\u015ftu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Fakat bu yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rma bu teorinin tekrar ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n Washington Carnegie Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc jeokimyac\u0131s\u0131 ve bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015fyazar\u0131 olan Erik Hauri; \u201cGezegen i\u00e7inin erime noktas\u0131, gezegene ait volkan\u0131n yeri ve d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc tarz\u0131 gibi tektonik davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131nda suyun kritik bir rol\u00fc vard\u0131r. Ay\u2019da ve i\u00e7 G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nde belirlenmi\u015f bu volkanik cam \u00f6rneklerinden daha \u00f6nemli \u00f6rnekler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemeyiz.\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi su i\u00e7eri\u011fini NanoSIMS 50L iyon mikroskobu kullanarak \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc.<\/p>\n Ekibin bir \u00fcyesi olan Case Western Reserve \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden James Van Orman, \u201c\u00c7o\u011fu volkanik d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn tersine, erimi\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131lar kristalin i\u00e7ine g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kristal suyun ve di\u011fer u\u00e7ucular\u0131n d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller. Bu kristaller Ay\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7indeki su miktar\u0131n\u0131n bilinmesi i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f en \u00f6nemli penceredir.\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7e\u015fitli NASA g\u00f6revleri ile belirlenmi\u015f, Ay\u2019\u0131n kutuplar\u0131ndaki kraterlerde tespit edilen su-buz kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131nda bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 oldu. Bu buz \u015fimdiye kadar kuyruklu y\u0131ld\u0131z ve g\u00f6kta\u015flar\u0131 etkilerine dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Fakat buzun bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Ay magmas\u0131n\u0131n patlamas\u0131 ile sal\u0131nan sudan kaynaklanm\u0131\u015f olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 var.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Brown \u00dcniversitesi bilimcileri, Ay zemini numunelerinde \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck erimi\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131lar buldular. Bu kal\u0131nt\u0131lar Ay\u2019daki su miktar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlere yeni bir kap\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n