Eski zamanlardan kalan kuvars kristallerinin i\u00e7inde g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bulunan izotoplar\u0131n analizi sayesinde jeokimyac\u0131lar, gen\u00e7 d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131 at\u0131k olarak b\u0131rakan ve Ay\u2019\u0131n olu\u015fumunu sa\u011flayan kozmik \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fman\u0131n san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k 60 milyon y\u0131l daha erken ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6sterdiler.<\/p>\n
Lorraine \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Goldschmidth Jeokimya Konferans\u0131\u2019ndaki konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda G\u00fcney Afrika ve Avustralya kuvarslar\u0131nda g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bulunan ksenon gaz\u0131 izotoplar\u0131n\u0131n analizini tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Bu jeolojik \u201czaman kaps\u00fclleri\u201d ilksel d\u00fcnyada s\u0131ras\u0131yla 3,4 ve 2,7 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6nce olu\u015fmu\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Gezegenimizin ilk zamanlardaki evrimini tarihlendirebilmek \u201cklasik jeolojinin\u201d \u00f6nemli problemlerinden birisidir. Buradaki sorun antik materyallerin veya milyarlarca y\u0131l boyunca varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumu\u015f olan kaya katmanlar\u0131n\u0131n azl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Jeokimyac\u0131lar, bu noktada D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemindeki kimyasal ko\u015fullar\u0131 tahmin edebilmek i\u00e7in izotop analizi tekni\u011fini kuland\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Antik kuvarslar\u0131n olu\u015fumu s\u0131ras\u0131nda atmosferde bulunan gazlar hava paketleri \u015feklinde kuvarslar i\u00e7erisinde hapsoldu ve erken atmosferik ko\u015fullar\u0131n birer kimyasal parmak izlerini b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f oldular. Jeokimyac\u0131 Guillaume Avice ve Bernard Marty buradan hareketle antik ksenon izotoplar\u0131n\u0131n oranlar\u0131na bakarak ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki oranlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak Ay\u2019\u0131 ve D\u00fcnya\u2019y\u0131 olu\u015fturan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 tespit edebildiler.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcne\u015f sisteminin erken d\u00f6nemlerinde gezegen \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yayg\u0131nd\u0131. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 4,5 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6nce D\u00fcnya, Mars b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ve \u201cTheia\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir gezegen ile \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131. A\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan b\u00fcy\u00fck enerjiyle birlikte D\u00fcnya, kavrularak d\u00f6nen bir magma topu \u015feklinde bir gezegene d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmadan arta kalanlarla Ay\u2019\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliyoruz.<\/p>\n
Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7teki belirsizli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131n ksenon analizleri sayesinde \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ne zaman<\/em> ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini de s\u00f6yleyebiliyoruz.<\/p>\n Avice, bir bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n olu\u015fumuna dair kesin tarihler vermenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor ve devam ediyor: \u201cBu ara\u015ft\u0131rma bize D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n daha ya\u015fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 60 milyon y\u0131l kadar.\u201d<\/p>\n \u201c\u0130nceledi\u011fimiz gaz bile\u015fenleri D\u00fcnya gezegeninin tarihindeki \u00f6nemli olaylara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fiyor. Kuvarslar\u0131n i\u00e7inde sakl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015f olan gazlar bize bir \u00e7e\u015fit \u201czaman kaps\u00fcl\u00fc\u201d i\u00e7erisinde ula\u015f\u0131yor. D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in standart y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131yoruz, lakin antik gaz \u00f6rnekleri bize yeni veriler sa\u011fl\u0131yor ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerimizi d\u00fczeltmemize imk\u00e2n veriyor.\u201d<\/p>\n D\u00fcnya atmosferinin g\u00fcne\u015f sistemi olu\u015fumdan yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 milyon y\u0131l sonra olu\u015ftu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Fakat ilk d\u00fcnya atmosferinin Theia \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan da\u011f\u0131lmadan kurtulmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildi. 3,4 ve 2,7 milyar y\u0131ll\u0131k ksenon izotoplar\u0131 oranlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve bunlar\u0131 modern atmosfer oranlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran Avice ve Marty, bu \u015fekilde zamanda geriye bakarak D\u00fcnya atmosferinin muhtemelen g\u00fcne\u015f sistemi olu\u015fumundan yakla\u015f\u0131k 40 milyon y\u0131l sonra olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliyorlar. Bunun anlam\u0131, Theia \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan yakla\u015f\u0131k 60 milyon y\u0131l daha erken bir tarihte ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n \u201cKsenon gazlar\u0131 atmosferin olu\u015ftu\u011fu zaman\u0131 hesaplamam\u0131za imk\u00e2n veriyor. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla, Ay\u2019\u0131n olu\u015fumuna da yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olan, D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n gezegen boyutlar\u0131ndaki bir g\u00f6kcismiyle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamand\u0131r.\u201d diyor Avice. \u201cElde etti\u011fimiz sonu\u00e7lar hem D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n hem de Ay\u2019\u0131n sand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan daha ya\u015fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na geliyor.\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cBu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir farkm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir, ancak \u00f6nemli bir farkt\u0131r.\u201d diye ekliyor Marty. \u201cBu farklar gezegenlerin evrilmeleri konusundaki zaman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirliyor, bilhassa g\u00fcne\u015f sistemini \u015fekillendiren \u015fiddetli \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Eski zamanlardan kalan kuvars kristallerinin i\u00e7inde g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bulunan izotoplar\u0131n analizi sayesinde jeokimyac\u0131lar, gen\u00e7 d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131 at\u0131k olarak b\u0131rakan ve Ay\u2019\u0131n olu\u015fumunu sa\u011flayan kozmik \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fman\u0131n san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k 60 milyon y\u0131l daha erken ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6sterdiler. Lorraine \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Goldschmidth Jeokimya Konferans\u0131\u2019ndaki konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda G\u00fcney Afrika ve Avustralya kuvarslar\u0131nda g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bulunan ksenon gaz\u0131 izotoplar\u0131n\u0131n analizini tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Bu jeolojik \u201czaman kaps\u00fclleri\u201d […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":784,"featured_media":25677,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[162,30,19],"tags":[248,293,315,910],"class_list":["post-11811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-125-sayi","category-astronomi","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-astronomi","tag-gezegenler","tag-jeoloji","tag-theia-carpismasi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11811","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/784"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11811"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11811\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11811"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11811"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11811"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}