{"id":12031,"date":"2018-07-30T07:12:15","date_gmt":"2018-07-30T04:12:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=12031"},"modified":"2018-07-27T10:43:07","modified_gmt":"2018-07-27T07:43:07","slug":"uzun-omurlu-pil-icin-care-kum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/07\/30\/uzun-omurlu-pil-icin-care-kum","title":{"rendered":"Uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc pil i\u00e7in \u00e7are kum"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kaliforniya \u00dcniversitesi Bourne M\u00fchendislik Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, mevcut end\u00fcstri standartlar\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 kat \u00fcst\u00fcn lityum iyon pil \u00fcretti. Anahtar madde kum. Evet, kum.<\/p>\n

\u00dcniversitedeki m\u00fchendislik profes\u00f6rleri Cengiz ve Mihri \u00d6zkan\u2019la \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan doktora \u00f6\u011frencisi Zachary Favors, \u201cBeklenen \u015fey i\u015fte bu; y\u00fcksek performansl\u0131 lityum iyon pil anotlar\u0131 \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli, zehirsiz, \u00e7evreye dost bir \u00fcretim \u015fekli\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

Fikir, bundan alt\u0131 ay \u00f6nce Favors\u2019un akl\u0131na gelmi\u015f. Kaliforniya, San Clemente\u2019de s\u00f6rf yaparak stres atarken, eline bir avu\u00e7 kum al\u0131p yak\u0131ndan bakm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla kuartz, yani silikondioksitten olu\u015ftu\u011funu fark etmi\u015f. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma konusu, ki\u015fisel kullan\u0131m ve elektrikli ara\u00e7lar i\u00e7in daha iyi lityum iyon piller \u00fcretmeye y\u00f6nelik. Daha \u00e7ok anota, yani pilin negatif k\u0131sm\u0131na yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Anot i\u00e7in \u015fu andaki standart madde grafit, ama elektronik cihazlar kuvvetlendik\u00e7e grafitteki geli\u015ftirilme oran\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n \u015fimdi yapmaya u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey, grafit yerine nano boyutlarda (metrenin milyarda biri) silikon kullanmak. Nano boyutlardaki silikonla ilgili problemse, h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde a\u015f\u0131nmaya u\u011framas\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek miktarlarda \u00fcretimin zorlu\u011fu. Favors, bu sorunlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeye koyulmu\u015f, Amerika\u2019da y\u00fcksek kuartz oranl\u0131 bir kaynak bulmak i\u00e7in kumlar\u0131 incelemi\u015f. Bu aray\u0131\u015f onu b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6lge olan, Dallas\u2019daki Cedar Creek Reservoir\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f.<\/p>\n

Elindeki kumla Riverside\u2019daki laboratuvara d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f ve taneler nanometre boyutuna ininceye kadar \u00f6\u011f\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f. Bir seri safla\u015ft\u0131rma ad\u0131mlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi kumun rengi, pudra \u015fekere benzeyecek \u015fekilde, kahverengiden a\u00e7\u0131k beyaza d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f. Sonras\u0131ndaysa tuz ve magnezyumu \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcp (ki bu iki hammadde de deniz suyunda bol miktarda bulunmaktad\u0131r) safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kuartza kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. Elde etti\u011fi toza \u0131s\u0131 uygulam\u0131\u015f. Tuzun \u0131s\u0131 tutucu olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mda, magnezyum kuartzdaki oksijeni ay\u0131rmaya yaram\u0131\u015f ve sonu\u00e7ta saf silikon elde edilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zkan y\u00f6netimindeki grup, i\u015fleme s\u00fcrecinin ilerleyi\u015finden memnun. Ayr\u0131ca, fazladan bir geli\u015fme daha olmu\u015f. Safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan nano-silikon, 3-B s\u00fcnger benzeri, g\u00f6zenekli bir yap\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Bu g\u00f6zeneklerin, nano-silikonla yap\u0131lan pillerin performans\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan anahtar \u00f6nemde oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Geli\u015fmi\u015f performans silikon tabanl\u0131 elektrik araba pillerinin 3 kat dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelebilir; ki bu da t\u00fcketicilerin, binlerce dolarl\u0131k pil de\u011fi\u015fimlerinden kurtulmalar\u0131 demektir. Cep telefonlar\u0131 ve tabletler i\u00e7inse, g\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fil de \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnde bir \u015farj etmek yeterli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zkanlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma grubu bug\u00fcnlerde nano-silikon kumsal kumundan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda \u00fcretmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ve bozuk para boyundaki pillerden, cep telefonlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan paket boyutundaki pillere ge\u00e7meyi planl\u0131yorlar. Nature Scientific Reports<\/em> dergisinde daha yeni yay\u0131nlanan ara\u015ft\u0131rma, Temiz Enerji Teknolojileri taraf\u0131ndan destekleniyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kaliforniya \u00dcniversitesi Bourne M\u00fchendislik Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, mevcut end\u00fcstri standartlar\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 kat \u00fcst\u00fcn lityum iyon pil \u00fcretti. Anahtar madde kum. Evet, kum. \u00dcniversitedeki m\u00fchendislik profes\u00f6rleri Cengiz ve Mihri \u00d6zkan\u2019la \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan doktora \u00f6\u011frencisi Zachary Favors, \u201cBeklenen \u015fey i\u015fte bu; y\u00fcksek performansl\u0131 lityum iyon pil anotlar\u0131 \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli, zehirsiz, \u00e7evreye dost bir \u00fcretim \u015fekli\u201d dedi. Fikir, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":614,"featured_media":25412,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[163,19],"tags":[988,989],"class_list":["post-12031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-126-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-lityum-iyon","tag-pil"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t