D\u00fcnya\u2019y\u0131 saran ve gezegenimizi G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019ten gelen \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl radyasyon dalgalar\u0131ndan koruyan manyetik alan, Avrupa Uzay Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (ESA) Swarm uydusunun toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilere g\u00f6re, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz 6 ay boyunca zay\u0131flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Swarm uydusunu olu\u015fturan ve ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 y\u00fczen \u00fc\u00e7 par\u00e7adaki manyetometrelere g\u00f6re yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden 370.000 mil (600.000 km) yukar\u0131ya uzanan manyetik alan\u0131n en zay\u0131f demeti Bat\u0131 yar\u0131mk\u00fcrede geni\u015flerken, G\u00fcney Hint Okyanusu b\u00f6lgesinde g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten biliminsanlar\u0131, manyetik alan\u0131n neden zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u015f\u00fcphe duyuyorlar. ESA\u2019n\u0131n Swarm g\u00f6revini y\u00f6neten Rune Floberghagen\u2019a g\u00f6re, bir olas\u0131 neden D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n manyetik kutuplar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6nmeye haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor olmas\u0131. Asl\u0131nda veriler, manyetik kuzeyin Sibirya\u2019ya kayd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u201cAnl\u0131k olmayan bir kayma, fakat binlerce y\u0131l s\u00fcremeyecekse de, y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l s\u00fcrebilecek bir kayma\u201d diyor Floberghagen, \u201cDaha \u00f6nce de, \u00e7ok defa ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.\u201d<\/p>\n
Manyetik kutuplar\u0131n kaymas\u0131 durumu biliminsanlar\u0131nca biliniyor. Her birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz bin y\u0131lda bir manyetik kutuplar g\u00fcneyden kuzeye do\u011fru daire \u00e7izmek \u00fczere kay\u0131yor. Manyetik alan bu normal kayma d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcne devam ederken, Swarm\u2019dan gelen veriler, alan\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015ften daha h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Biliminsanlar\u0131nca yap\u0131lan hesaplamalar, alan\u0131n her y\u00fczy\u0131lda y\u00fczde 5 zay\u0131flayaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeydi; ancak son veriler alan\u0131n asl\u0131nda her on y\u0131lda y\u00fczde 5 zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor, yani d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclenden 10 kat daha h\u0131zl\u0131. Bu h\u0131za g\u00f6re, bir tam d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn tahmin edilenden farkl\u0131 olarak 2000 y\u0131lda tamamlanmas\u0131 gerekiyor, yeni veriler bunun beklenilenden erken olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Floberghagen, Swarm\u2019dan gelecek daha fazla bilginin, manyetik alan\u0131n neden h\u0131zla zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umdu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Gezegenimizin manyetik alan\u0131, D\u00fcnya\u2019ya do\u011fru g\u00fcne\u015f r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131 \u015feklinde gelen kozmik radyasyonlara kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez bir balon gibi kalkan yaparak bizi korumakta rol oynuyor. Bir manyetik alana sahibiz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc D\u00fcnya, \u00e7ekirde\u011finde \u00e7o\u011funlukla erimi\u015f demirden olu\u015fan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u00fcreye ve onu saran erimi\u015f metalden olu\u015fan bir d\u0131\u015f kabu\u011fa sahip. \u00c7ekirdek s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimler ve D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, \u00e7ekirde\u011fi saran ak\u0131\u015fkan metalin kaynayarak ve kendi i\u00e7inde kar\u0131\u015farak girdaplar olu\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun da manyetik alan \u00e7izgileri yaratmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Erimi\u015f metaldeki hareketlerin, manyetik alanda neden baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgeler zay\u0131flarken baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerin g\u00fc\u00e7lendi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor Floberghagen. D\u0131\u015f kabuktaki kaynamalar bir b\u00f6lgede azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, daha az y\u00fckl\u00fc par\u00e7ac\u0131k serbest kal\u0131p ak\u0131m olu\u015fturabiliyor ve manyetik alan y\u00fczeyde, o b\u00f6lgenin etkisi alt\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgeler boyunca zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f oluyor. Floberghagen, \u201cD\u0131\u015f \u00e7ekirdek kabu\u011fundaki ak\u0131\u015flar manyetik alan\u0131 neredeyse kendileriyle birlikte s\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fcyorlar\u201d diyor. \u201cYani, alan\u0131n Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131 \u00fczerinde zay\u0131flamas\u0131n\u0131n anlam\u0131, D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ekirde\u011finin d\u0131\u015f kabu\u011fundaki kar\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgelerde zay\u0131fl\u0131yor olu\u015fudur.\u201d<\/p>\n
Swarm, yaln\u0131zca D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n manyetik alan\u0131ndan gelen sinyalleri toplam\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda onun \u00e7ekirde\u011finden, mantosundan, d\u0131\u015f kabu\u011fundan ve okyanuslar\u0131ndan gelen sinyalleri de topluyor. ESA\u2019daki biliminsanlar\u0131 manyetik alana dayanan bir navigasyon sistemi tasarlamay\u0131 umuyorlar: U\u00e7aklar\u0131n kulland\u0131klar\u0131na benzer, ancak daha ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olacak bir sistem, deprem tahminlerini daha g\u00fcvenilir verebilecek ve y\u00fczey alt\u0131ndaki do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n hangi b\u00f6lgelerde zengin oldu\u011funu daha kesin i\u015faret edebilecek bir sistem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
D\u00fcnya\u2019y\u0131 saran ve gezegenimizi G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019ten gelen \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl radyasyon dalgalar\u0131ndan koruyan manyetik alan, Avrupa Uzay Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (ESA) Swarm uydusunun toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilere g\u00f6re, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz 6 ay boyunca zay\u0131flad\u0131. Swarm uydusunu olu\u015fturan ve ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 y\u00fczen \u00fc\u00e7 par\u00e7adaki manyetometrelere g\u00f6re yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden 370.000 mil (600.000 km) yukar\u0131ya uzanan manyetik alan\u0131n en zay\u0131f demeti Bat\u0131 yar\u0131mk\u00fcrede geni\u015flerken, G\u00fcney Hint Okyanusu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":784,"featured_media":12058,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[163,19,26],"tags":[274,993],"class_list":["post-12057","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-126-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","category-fizik","tag-dunya","tag-manyetik-alan"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t