{"id":12235,"date":"2014-09-01T20:49:56","date_gmt":"2014-09-01T17:49:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=12235"},"modified":"2018-05-10T15:51:20","modified_gmt":"2018-05-10T12:51:20","slug":"neandertal-usulu-guvercin-kebabi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2014\/09\/01\/neandertal-usulu-guvercin-kebabi","title":{"rendered":"Neandertal usul\u00fc g\u00fcvercin kebab\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u00f6m\u00fcrle\u015fmi\u015f kemikler, Neandertal<\/em>lerin \u015fehir g\u00fcvercinlerinin atalar\u0131n\u0131 pi\u015firerek yedi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. K<\/em>utlama yemeklerinden artakalanlar, Neandertal<\/em>lerin nesiller boyunca, yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 biny\u0131l bar\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 Cebelitar\u0131k\u2019\u0131n do\u011fu y\u00fcz\u00fcnde bulunan, b\u00fcy\u00fck Gorham Ma\u011faras\u0131\u2019ndaki tortular\u0131n i\u00e7inde ke\u015ffedildi. Kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n en \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu yerde, g\u00fcvercinlere ait kanat ve bacak kemikleri vard\u0131. Kemiklerin \u00fczerinde, di\u015f izleri, pi\u015firme i\u015faretleri ve ta\u015f ara\u00e7lar taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli olan kesikler bulunuyordu. Kal\u0131n kemiklerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 ve i\u011fne u\u00e7lu kemikler, \u00f6\u011f\u00fcn olmak i\u00e7in b\u00fck\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde meydana gelmi\u015f olabilecek ufak deliklere sahipti.<\/p>\n

Gorham Ma\u011faras\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sol arka taraf\u0131nda, kasapl\u0131k i\u015flerde kullan\u0131lan fok ve k\u00f6pekbal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kemikleri ve etleri s\u0131y\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f denizkabuklar\u0131 da bulundu. Cebelitar\u0131k M\u00fczesi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Clive Finlayson, Neandertal<\/em> ma\u011faras\u0131nda, \u00e7e\u015fitli kilerlerin oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerin ibelirtiyor.<\/p>\n

Finlayson\u2019un ekibi, son 25 y\u0131ld\u0131r kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 devam eden Gorham Ma\u011faras\u0131\u2019nda bir\u00e7ok ku\u015f kemi\u011fi bulunduktan sonra, ku\u015flar\u0131n Neandertal<\/em> men\u00fcs\u00fcnde olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak istedi. Ma\u011fara i\u00e7indeki tortularda bulunan kemiklerden 150 ilkel ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fc belirlendi. Bu kemikler aras\u0131nda, ya\u015flar\u0131 28 binden 67 biny\u0131la kadar de\u011fi\u015fen 1724 kaya g\u00fcvencini kemi\u011fi vard\u0131. Yuvalar\u0131 denizin bitimindeki b\u00fcy\u00fck kaya oyuklar\u0131 olan kaya g\u00fcvercinlerinin, Neandertal<\/em> beslenmesinin 40 biny\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcre boyunca d\u00fczenli bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Cebelitar\u0131k M\u00fczesi\u2019nden Ruth Blasca ve ekibi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rma Nature Scientific Report<\/em> dergisinde yay\u0131mland\u0131. Bulunan kemiklerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki yan\u0131k izleri ise ya pi\u015firilme, ya at\u0131klar\u0131n yok edilmesi, ya da kazara \u00e7\u0131kan yang\u0131nlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fmu\u015f olabilir. Finlayson, Neandertal<\/em>lerin ku\u015flar\u0131 ate\u015f \u00fczerinde k\u00f6zlediklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerini belirtiyor. \u00d6zellikle neden kanat ve bacak kemiklerinde ate\u015f izi bulundu\u011funu ise \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor: \u201cE\u011fer, bu b\u00f6lgede, \u00e7ok say\u0131da kasa sahip kemik varsa, o b\u00f6lgeler ne kadar \u00e7ok ate\u015fe maruz kal\u0131rsa o kadar iyi pi\u015fer.\u201d<\/p>\n

Goram Ma\u011faras\u0131, 400 m\u2019den fazla y\u00fcksekli\u011fe sahip g\u00f6rkemli bir kayal\u0131\u011f\u0131n dik y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor. Neandertal<\/em>lerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde deniz seviyesi olas\u0131l\u0131kla daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fc ve deniz birka\u00e7 kilometre uzaktayd\u0131. Ma\u011farada, Neandertal<\/em>ler terk ettikten sonra orada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan, modern insanlar\u0131n b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 benzer i\u015faretler de elde edildi. Finlayson, bu beklenmedik bir durum olsa bile, kemiklerin yaln\u0131zca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n insan izi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor ve g\u00fcvercinlerin Neandertal<\/em>lerce yenildi\u011finden emin olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201c67.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Avrupa\u2019da modern insanlar ya\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, Neandertal<\/em>lerin pi\u015firmeyi modern insanlardan \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. Kendi kendilerine \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu bulmu\u015f olmal\u0131lar.\u201d<\/p>\n

Neandertal<\/em>lerin bu ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc nas\u0131l avlamay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131klar\u0131 ise yan\u0131tlanabilmi\u015f de\u011fil. Kaya g\u00fcvercinleri u\u00e7urumlara yuva yapar: Neandertal<\/em>ler buralara t\u0131rmanm\u0131\u015f ve ku\u015f yuvalar\u0131na bask\u0131n yapm\u0131\u015f olabilir. Finlayson, \u201cTahminde bulunuyorum ama, bence Neandertal<\/em>ler \u00e7im ve lif gibi kolay \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcyen malzemelerden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tuzak, a\u011f gibi birtak\u0131m avlanma teknikleri kullanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131. Fakat bunlar\u0131n izlerini bulmak \u00e7ok zor olacak\u201d diyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonraki ad\u0131m\u0131, b\u00f6lgede ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan di\u011fer binlerce ku\u015f kemi\u011fi \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapmak.<\/p>\n

Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) Ian Sample, \u201cNeanderthals ate barbecued pigeon\u201d, http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/science\/2014\/aug\/07\/neanderthals-barbecued-pigeon-gibraltar<\/p>\n

2) http:\/\/www.archaeology.org\/news\/2411-140807-gibraltar-neanderthal-doves<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u00f6m\u00fcrle\u015fmi\u015f kemikler, Neandertallerin \u015fehir g\u00fcvercinlerinin atalar\u0131n\u0131 pi\u015firerek yedi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Kutlama yemeklerinden artakalanlar, Neandertallerin nesiller boyunca, yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 biny\u0131l bar\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 Cebelitar\u0131k\u2019\u0131n do\u011fu y\u00fcz\u00fcnde bulunan, b\u00fcy\u00fck Gorham Ma\u011faras\u0131\u2019ndaki tortular\u0131n i\u00e7inde ke\u015ffedildi. Kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n en \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu yerde, g\u00fcvercinlere ait kanat ve bacak kemikleri vard\u0131. Kemiklerin \u00fczerinde, di\u015f izleri, pi\u015firme i\u015faretleri ve ta\u015f ara\u00e7lar taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli olan kesikler […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":855,"featured_media":25068,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[164,211,19],"tags":[459,1049,529],"class_list":["post-12235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-127-sayi","category-antropoloji","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-avci-toplayici","tag-insanin-evrimi","tag-neandertal"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t