{"id":12376,"date":"2013-11-01T14:22:11","date_gmt":"2013-11-01T12:22:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=12376"},"modified":"2017-07-06T14:50:39","modified_gmt":"2017-07-06T11:50:39","slug":"12376","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2013\/11\/01\/12376","title":{"rendered":"\u015eim\u015fe\u011fin \u00e7ocu\u011fu Niko"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tesla, Edison’un do<\/em>\u011fru ak\u0131m end\u00fcstrisini yok etmi\u015f, olu\u015fturdu\u011fu alternatif ak\u0131m sistemi ile yeni bir end\u00fcstri d\u00fczene\u011fi kurmu\u015f ve bu d\u00fczenek \u00fczerinden Westinghouse ve General Electrics gibi dev tekeller t\u00fcremi\u015fti. Tesla hepsini kablosuz enerji \u00fcretimi ve bedava elektrik ile tehdit edince…<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Bilim ve sanat tarihini inceler\u00adken, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktala\u00adn\u0131n in\u015fa eden portreler aras\u0131n\u00adda kurdu\u011fumuz tarihsel materyalist ili\u015fkiler zincirinin halkalar\u0131 aras\u0131na \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fiyi oturtmakta daima g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekmi\u015fimdir. Bu ki\u015filer, 1450-1516 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan Hollandal\u0131 ressam Hieronymus Bosch, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l Katalan mimar\u0131 Antoni Gaudi ile S\u0131rp fizik\u00e7i Nikola Tesla\u2019d\u0131r. Her \u00fc\u00e7 isim de kendilerinden \u00f6nce ald\u0131klar\u0131 tarihsel miras\u0131, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerin \u00e7ok ilerisine s\u0131\u00e7ratabilmi\u015flerdir. Bug\u00fcn Bosch resmi, Orta\u00e7a\u011f ve R\u00f6nesans d\u00f6neminden ziyade, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n s\u00fcrrealist ekol\u00fc i\u00e7erisinde de\u011ferlendiri\u00adlebilmektedir. \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f\u0131 olan t\u00fcm sanat\u00e7\u0131lar Meryem ve \u0130sa resimleri yaparken, Bosch kendi k\u00f6\u015fesinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 resimlerde dini kurumlan yermi\u015f ve 500 y\u0131l sonras\u0131n\u0131n sanat ekollerinden s\u00fcrrealizmin te\u00adrini atm\u0131\u015f, gerek Dali ve gerekse de Picasso’ya ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Sanat tarihinin bir di\u011fer ayr\u0131k ismi olan Antoni Gaudi de olu\u015fturdu\u011fu mimarl\u0131k ekol\u00fc ile mimarl\u0131k tarihinin i\u00e7erisine adeta bomba gibi d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kendinden \u00f6nce ve sonra devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve devretti\u011fi bir ilk yoktur. Bu y\u00fczden de d\u00fcnyan\u0131n t\u00fcm mimarl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda, mimarl\u0131k tarihi ders m\u00fcfredat\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde, Gaudi mimarisi ayr\u0131 bir ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda okutulur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tekellerin aforoz etti<\/em><\/strong>\u011fi mucit<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ve Nikola Tesla… Bilim tarihinin elektrik ve elektronik alan\u0131nda, 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen t\u00fcm bulu\u015flar\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki tek isim olan Tesla’n\u0131n \u00fczerin\u00addeki giz perdesi \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinden 57 y\u0131l ge\u00e7tikten sonra yava\u015f yava\u015f kalkmaya ba\u015fla\u00add\u0131. Az sonra de\u011finece\u011fimiz gibi Tesla\u2019n\u0131n \u00fczerine FBI taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilen giz perdesinin alt\u0131nda, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l bilim tarihinin, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r olacak hesapla\u015fmalar\u0131 yat\u0131yor. Bu hesapla\u015fman\u0131n notlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle aktarabiliriz.<\/p>\n

Birincisi elektri\u011fi hayat\u0131m\u0131za sokan Michael Faraday de\u011fil, Nikola Tesla’d\u0131r. Faraday’\u0131n tek yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaleme al\u00add\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir yap\u0131t olan Elektrik \u00dcze\u00adrine Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar <\/em>adl\u0131 eserinde elektrik ve manyetizma aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin de\u00adneylerini g\u00f6stermi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Elektri\u011fi ba\u015fta ampul olmak \u00fczere ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131za sokan, radyoyu, radar\u0131, florasanl\u0131 ampu\u00adl\u00fc, bilgisayar\u0131, faks makinesini ve daha akl\u0131n\u0131za gelebilen b\u00fct\u00fcn elektrikli ve elektronik aletleri geli\u015ftiren Tesla olmu\u015ftur. General Electric, Westinghouse, Marconi and Morgan gibi ABD en\u00add\u00fcstrisinin dev tekelleri Tesla’n\u0131n bu\u00adlu\u015flar\u0131 \u00fczerinden \u015fekillenmi\u015f, fakat ken\u00addisi hayat\u0131 boyunca hi\u00e7bir kurumsal ili\u015f\u00adkiye girmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kincisi, ABD’nin bu dev tekelleri General Electric’in direktifleri do\u011frul\u00adtusunda Tesla’y\u0131 sumen alt\u0131 etme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Neden? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Tesla, para\u00ads\u0131z ve do\u011fay\u0131 kirletmeyen bir elektrik \u00fcretiminin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131kla\u00adm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ba\u015fta General Electric olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm ABD \u015firketle\u00adrini pani\u011fe d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve b\u00fct\u00fcn kap\u0131lar y\u00fcz\u00fcne kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Be\u015f kuru\u015f paras\u0131z ve bor\u00e7 i\u00e7inde New York’ta bir otel odas\u0131ndaki \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc derin anlamlar i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

8 Ocak 1943 gecesinin yo<\/em><\/strong>\u011fun trafi\u011fi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu y\u00fczden Tesla’n\u0131n portresini \u00e7ize\u00adbilmek i\u00e7in 8 Ocak 1943 ge\u00adcesinden ba\u015flayabiliriz. Tesla’n\u0131n 5 Ocak ile 8 Ocak tarihleri aras\u0131nda Hotel New Yorker’daki odas\u0131nda tek ba\u015f\u0131na kalp yetmezli\u011finden \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tahmin edilmekte. Tesla’n\u0131n otel g\u00f6revlilerine rahats\u0131z edilmek istemedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemesi ve g\u00fcnlerce odas\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmamas\u0131 bir al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k haline geldi\u011finden, \u00f6l\u00fc\u00adm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinden 2-3 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7mesine kar\u015f\u0131n kimse Tesla’n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc fark etmez. 8 Ocak gecesi, di\u011fer t\u00fcm Yugos\u00adlav m\u00fcltecileri gibi FBI g\u00f6zetiminde olan Tesla’n\u0131n m\u00fclteci ye\u011feni Sava Kosanovich, yan\u0131nda iki bilim edit\u00f6r\u00fc George Clerk ve Kenneth Sweezey ile bir\u00adlikte Tesla’n\u0131n odas\u0131na girer. Otelin \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00f6neticisi ve Yugoslav B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u00ad\u011fi’nden bir temsilcinin \u015fahitli\u011finde Kosanovich, Tesla’n\u0131n vasiyetini arar. Kosanovich Tesla’n\u0131n yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve deney aletlerini toparlar. Toplanan bu e\u015fyalar bug\u00fcn Belgrad’daki Tesla M\u00fczesi’nde sergilenmektedir. Ayn\u0131 gece Pentagon’dan Albay Erskine FBI’y\u0131 arayarak harekete ge\u00e7irir ve Tesla’n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc haber verir. FBI yetkilileri, Yabanc\u0131lar Dairesi Komiseri Fitzgerald ile birlikte, otel odas\u0131na girerler ve Tesla’n\u0131n t\u00fcm e\u015fyalar\u0131 iki b\u00fcy\u00fck kamyona y\u00fcklenir. Tesla’n\u0131n t\u00fcm ara\u015ft\u0131rma k\u00e2\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131 ve ma\u00adkaleleri, Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Co. adl\u0131 New York’taki bir depo \u015firketine g\u00f6nderilir. Bu depoyu Tesla 1934 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri kullanmaktad\u0131r. FBI kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda Tesla’n\u0131n makalelerinin 50 kutu i\u00e7erisinde depoland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmek\u00adte. Yabanc\u0131lar Dairesi, ABD Deniz Kuv\u00advetleri \u0130stihbarat Servisi’ni arayarak, Tesla’n\u0131n t\u00fcm makalelerinin ve ara\u015ft\u0131r\u00adma k\u00e2\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n mikrofilme \u00e7ekilmesini emreder.<\/p>\n

8 Ocak gecesinin bu yo\u011fun trafi\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde FBI’a yeni bir bilgi ula\u015f\u0131r: Tesla 1932 y\u0131l\u0131nda Governor Clinton Hoteli\u2019nin emanetine depozitini \u00f6deye\u00adrek bir kutu b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ABD devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 bilim dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 FBI\u2019a kutu\u00adnun i\u00e7indeki dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131n derhal al\u0131n\u00admas\u0131 talimat\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nderir. Kutunun i\u00e7in\u00adde Tesla’n\u0131n kablosuz enerji aktar\u0131m\u0131 projesi, yeni bir torpido silah\u0131n\u0131n plan\u00adlar\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma modeli ile Tesla’n\u0131n “\u00d6l\u00fcm I\u015f\u0131n\u0131” ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi y\u00fcksek dalga frekans silah\u0131n\u0131n projesi vard\u0131r. FBI’\u0131n toparlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm belgeler ve projeler, ABD devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n emriyle FBI ta\u00adraf\u0131ndan TOP SECRET olarak m\u00fch\u00fcrle\u00adnir ve projelerin kamuda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ya\u00adsaklan\u0131r. T\u00fcm bunlar bir gece i\u00e7erisin\u00adde, 8 Ocak 1943 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Tesla ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 bir giz perdesinin ard\u0131na itilir.<\/p>\n

FBI kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda, Tesla’n\u0131n \u00f6lmeden \u00f6nce 5 Ocak g\u00fcn\u00fc Pentagon’dan Albay Erskine’i arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve “teleforce” ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi mikrodalga silah\u0131n\u0131 Pentagon’a vermek istedi\u011fi, fakat Albay Erskine’in telefondakinin bir deli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u00adnerek, Tesla’y\u0131 ciddiye almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia ediliyor. Tesla biyografisindeki FBI’\u0131n bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f polisiye roman senaryo\u00adsu \u00f6nemlidir. 5 Ocak g\u00fcn\u00fc Tesla’y\u0131 ha\u00adt\u0131rlamayan Albay Erskine 8 Ocak gece\u00adsi, Yugoslav B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi’nin Tes\u00adla’n\u0131n otel odas\u0131na girdi\u011fini haber al\u0131r almaz FBI’\u0131 ve Deniz Kuvvetlerini nas\u0131l harekete ge\u00e7irebilmi\u015ftir? Bu sorunun yan\u0131t\u0131 FBI kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda bulunmamakta\u00add\u0131r. Birincisi Nikola Tesla ad\u0131 Ameri\u00adkan kamuoyunda o g\u00fcnlerde yak\u0131ndan bilinen sansasyonel bir i\u00e7eri\u011fe sahipti. \u0130kincisi Tesla’n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Pentagon taraf\u0131ndan yak\u0131ndan izleniyor ve Tesla FBI taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli takip edili\u00adyordu. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc Tesla \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ya\u015fa\u00adm\u0131n\u0131 Yugoslav H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’nin kendisine ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 maa\u015fla idare ediyordu ve Yu\u00adgoslav B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi ile yak\u0131n temas\u00adtayd\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Tesla’n\u0131n Pentagon’u arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131n\u0131n temeli \u00e7ok zay\u0131f kal\u0131\u00adyor. FBI’\u0131n t\u00fcm kayg\u0131s\u0131 Tesla’n\u0131n ara\u015f\u00adt\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n Sovyet K\u0131z\u0131lordusu’nun eli\u00adne ge\u00e7mesi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yd\u0131 ki bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma\u00adlar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Sovyetler’in eline ge\u00e7mi\u015f oldu\u011fu da, Sovyet bilim tarihinin geli\u015fimi i\u00e7erisinde g\u00f6r\u00fclebili\u00adyor. Tesla’n\u0131n t\u00fcm kayg\u0131s\u0131 Alman fa\u015fiz\u00adminin durdurulmas\u0131 gere\u011fiydi ve bilim\u00adsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 da bu y\u00fczden silah ta\u00adsar\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6neltmi\u015fti. Tesla’n\u0131n mikro\u00addalga silah tasar\u0131m\u0131 ile deprem ve tsunami silah\u0131 uzun y\u0131llar boyunca bir s\u00f6y\u00adlenti olarak kald\u0131. Uluslararas\u0131 bilim \u00e7evreleri genelde bunun bir palavra ol\u00addu\u011funu iddia etmelerine kar\u015f\u0131n s\u00f6ylen\u00adtiler do\u011fruydu.<\/p>\n

Tesla’n<\/em><\/strong>\u0131n patentleri piyasaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

18 Ekim 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda ABD Savun\u00adma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u0131sa ad\u0131yla HAARP ola\u00adrak bilinen projenin ‘High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program’\u0131n Gakona-Alaska tesislerinde ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00adn\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Raythenon Corporation ta\u00adraf\u0131ndan hayata ge\u00e7irilen proje, Alaska, Massachusettes, Stanford, Penn State, Tulsa, Clemson, Maryland, Cornell ve UCLA olmak \u00fczere ABD’nin 9 \u00fcniver\u00adsitesi ve MIT’nin ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile uygula\u00admaya kondu. HAARP projesinin patent\u00adleri (ABD Patent Dairesi’nde 4.686.605, 4.712.158 ve 5.038.664 no’lu kay\u0131tlar\u0131yla) Bernard Eastlund ta\u00adraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nd\u0131. Her \u00fc\u00e7 patentin ilk ka\u00ady\u0131tlar\u0131 Tesla’n\u0131n ad\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131 ve Tesla bu patentleri Colorado testlerinden sonra alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bernard Eastlund, bu \u00fc\u00e7 11 patentin geli\u015ftirilmesi patenti ile kay\u0131tara ge\u00e7ti. Patentlerin i\u00e7eri\u011fi ise \u015fu 4.686.605: D\u00fcnya atmosferinin, ionosferin ve\/veya magnetosferin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesinin metodu. 4.712.158: Se\u00e7ili bir b\u00f6lge \u00fczerinde suni elektron siklonu olu\u015fturma metodu. 5.038.664: D\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyinde r\u00f6lativik partik\u00fcller olu\u015fturma metodu. S\u00f6z konusu son patent Tesla’n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi ve d\u00fc\u015fman kuvvetlerin elektronik sistemini fel\u00e7 ederek elektronik bir duvar olu\u015fturan sistemdir. Gerek K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda ve gerekse de Yugoslavya’n\u0131n bombalanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Tesla Colorado Spring Laboratuvar\u0131\u2019nda saniyede 100.000\u2019lik frekans\u0131yla milyonlarca volt
elektrik \u00fcreten Tesla bobininin \u00f6n\u00fcnde otururken.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tesla’n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan deprem ve tsunami silah\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerindeki s\u0131r perdesi de 1999 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda, Yeni Zelanda Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ile kalkt\u0131. Yap\u0131lan resmi a\u00e7\u0131klamada 1943 ve 1944 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ABD’li biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131n Yeni Zelanda’ya ba\u011fl\u0131 tak\u0131madalarda tsunami silah\u0131n\u0131 denedikleri ve se\u00e7ilen k\u0131y\u0131 par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n denizalt\u0131nda olu\u015fturulan deprem dalgas\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 dev dalgalarla ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde vuruldu\u011fu belirtildi.<\/p>\n

Yine 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rus Uzay \u0130stasyonu MIR’den yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamada, Tes\u00adla’n\u0131n Colorado deneylerinin do\u011fru oldu\u011fu ve \u015fim\u015feklerin atmosferdeki belli katmanlarda ve d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekilde ger<\/em>\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0130cat Tesla’n\u0131n, patent ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ku\u015fkusuz Tesla’n\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131ndaki ironik yan, bulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n patentlerinin hep ba\u015fkalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu patent m\u00fccadelelerinden bir tanesi Marconi ile radyonun ke\u015ffi \u00fczerinde ol\u00admu\u015f ve Tesla’n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden 6 ay sonra ABD Y\u00fcksek Adalet Mahkemesi, radyoyu ilk bulan ki\u015finin Marconi de\u011fil Tesla oldu\u011funu mahkeme kay\u0131tlar\u0131na ge\u00e7irmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemin ABD Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Wallace, FBI ve ABD Deniz Kuvvetleri taraf\u0131ndan hayat\u0131 TOP SECRET olarak damgalanan Tesla, hayat\u0131 boyunca kim\u00adseyle yak\u0131n bir ili\u015fki kurmad\u0131. Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Avrupa dillerinin t\u00fcm\u00fcne yaz\u0131l\u0131 ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak hakimdi. Muazzam denebi\u00adlecek bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr birikimine sahipti. Ha\u00adyat\u0131 boyunca hi\u00e7bir \u015firket ya da kurum ile s\u00fcrekli bir ili\u015fki kurmad\u0131. Hi\u00e7bir ku\u00adrumsal yap\u0131 in\u015fa etmedi. Belgrad’daki Tesla M\u00fczesi \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00e7ok sonra Yugoslavya H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan kuruldu. Bulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n patentlerini alma becerisini g\u00f6steremedi\u011fi i\u00e7in, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcze\u00adrinden daima ba\u015fkalar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131lar kazand\u0131lar. Uluslararas\u0131 bilim toplant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6z s\u0131ras\u0131 kendisine geldi\u011finde yar\u0131da b\u0131rak\u0131p, bah\u00e7edeki g\u00fcvercinleri beslemeyi tercih etti. \u00c7ocuklu\u011fundan beri do\u011fay\u0131 g\u00f6zleme tutkusu i\u00e7erisinde oldu. Nerede nas\u0131l davranaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve nas\u0131l konu\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7bir zaman bilemedi. Hayat\u0131 boyunca kendi d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131. T\u00fcm bu \u00f6zellikleri ile Tesla, belki de gelmi\u015f ge\u00e7mi\u015f en \u00fcnl\u00fc otistiklerden birisiydi. Fakat kesin olan bir \u015fey var ki, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l teknik uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na onun beyninin i\u00e7erisinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Tesla 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda Time dergisinin kapa\u011f\u0131nda.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u015eim\u015fe\u011fin \u00e7ocu\u011fu <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

1856’da 10 Temmuz’u 11 Temmuz’a ba\u011flayan gece H\u0131rvatistan’\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u00f6y\u00fc olan Similyan’da do\u011fdu. Do\u011fdu\u011fu gece m\u00fcthi\u015f kas\u0131rgal\u0131 ve \u015fim\u015fekli bir geceydi. Tesla do\u011fdu\u011funda \u00e7akan muazzam \u015fim\u015fekten korkan ebesi, annesi Djuka’ya “Bu \u00e7ocuk olsa olsa \u015fim\u015fe\u011fin \u00e7ocu\u011fu olabilir” demi\u015fti. Tesla’n\u0131n annesinin g\u00fcncesindeki bu sat\u0131rlar, ilgin\u00e7 bir \u015fekilde Tesla’n\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 belirleyecek ve Tesla’n\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck defterlerin\u00adin edindi\u011fimiz bilgiye g\u00f6re 3 ya\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren “elektrik” ve “\u015fim\u015fek” denen \u015feyi merak edecekti. 80’li ya\u015flar\u0131nda kendisiyle yap\u0131lan bir r\u00f6portajda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yler Tesla: \u201c80 y\u0131ld\u0131r kendime her g\u00fcn bu elektri\u011fin ne oldu\u011funu soruyorum. Halen daha yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 bulamad\u0131m.”<\/p>\n

Nikola Tesla aile i\u00e7indeki ad\u0131yla Niko, d\u00f6rt karde\u015fin en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyd\u00fc. Kendi\u00adnden 7 ya\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck abisi Dane, Tesla 5 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken attan d\u00fc\u015ferek \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. An\u0131lar\u0131nda erkek karde\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, kendisinde travmatik bir etki b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ailenin tek erkek \u00e7ocu\u011fu olarak kendisini \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya adad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. \u0130lkokula ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda matematikteki \u00fcst\u00fcn yetene\u011fi \u00f6\u011fretmeni taraf\u0131ndan fark edildi. Mekani\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 yo\u011fun bir ilgisi var\u00add\u0131. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk alet 6 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi kurba\u011fa yakalama d\u00fczene\u011fiydi.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

“Bir g<\/em><\/strong>\u00fcn bu motoru yapaca\u011f\u0131m”<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tesla’n\u0131n bilimsel ki\u015fili\u011fi H\u0131rvatistan’\u0131n Carlstadt kasabas\u0131nda e\u011fitim g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Gymnasium ve Prag \u00dcniversitesi, Graz Politeknik M\u00fchendislik Fak\u00fclte\u00adsi\u2019nde \u015fekillendi. Yine an\u0131lar\u0131nda Gymnasium’daki \u00f6\u011fretmeni Profes\u00f6r Poeschl’in hayat\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemine vurgu yapar. Poeschl elektrikteki son geli\u015fme\u00adleri, dinamolar\u0131, elektrik motorlar\u0131n\u0131 Pa\u00adris’e gidip sat\u0131n alarak okuluna getiren ve bu aletleri s\u00f6kerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma mekaniz\u00admalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frencilerine anlatan ger\u00e7ek bir bilim insan\u0131d\u0131r. Poeschl \u00f6\u011frencisi Tesla’n\u0131n okul hayat\u0131 boyunca g\u00fcnde birka\u00e7 saat uyuyarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yo\u011fun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma temposunu ve elektri\u011fe olan merak\u0131n\u0131 fark etti ve Tesla’n\u0131n Prag \u00dcniversitesi’ne gitmesini destekledi.<\/p>\n

Tesla’n\u0131n Prof. Po\u00adeschl ile tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 da okul kay\u0131tlar\u0131na ge\u00e7\u00admi\u015ftir. Tesla Faraday’\u0131n elektrik jenera\u00adt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn yetersiz oldu\u00ad\u011funu ve bu jenerat\u00f6r\u00fcn dinamonun ileri geri hareketinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, dairesel bir d\u00f6nme ha\u00adreketiyle bir elektrik motoruna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febile\u00adce\u011fini belirtir. Poeschl bunun imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u00ad\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Fakat Tesla itiraz eder ve bir g\u00fcn bu motoru yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Alternatif ak<\/em><\/strong>\u0131m motoru ve depresyon<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Tesla taraf\u0131ndan 1888\u2019de
imal edilmi\u015f bir motor.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Babas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Tesla’n\u0131n omuzlar\u0131\u00adna, annesinin ve karde\u015flerinin bak\u0131m sorumlulu\u011funu y\u00fckler. Budape\u015fte’de babas\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131n bir arkada\u015f\u0131 Puskas bir telefon \u015firketi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Buda\u00adpe\u015fte’ye ta\u015f\u0131narak Puskas’\u0131n yan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. Tesla’n\u0131n kafas\u0131ndaki tek problem alternatif ak\u0131m motorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Otobiyografisinde alternatif ak\u0131m motorunun denklemlerini Buda\u00adpe\u015fte Park\u0131’nda Goethe’nin Faust <\/em>eseri\u00adni okurken ve g\u00fcnbat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 seyrederken \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtir. Problemin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc esnas\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131r bir depresyon ge\u00e7irir, kendi tarifiyle masaya konan bir sine\u011fin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 ses bile beyninin i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck yank\u0131lar uyand\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Alternatif ak\u0131m motoru elektrikte bir devrimdir. Kendisinden \u00f6nce bir\u00e7ok m\u00fchendisin deneyip beceremedi\u00ad\u011fi manyetik alanda alternatif ak\u0131m \u00fcreti\u00admini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tesla birden fazla ak\u0131m kullanarak mo\u00adtorun \u015faft\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00adm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Daha da \u00f6nemlisi Tesla alter\u00adnatif ak\u0131ml\u0131 motoru\u00adnu icat ederken ak\u0131\u00adm\u0131n kabloya ihtiya\u00e7 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n manyetik alanda iletilebildi\u011fini ke\u015ffetmi\u015ftir. Bobine gelen elektrik ilk ha\u00adreketi vermekte ve daha sonra motorun hareketli par\u00e7alar\u0131 kabloya ihtiya\u00e7 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n hareket ede\u00adbilmektedir. Depresyon d\u00f6nemini ge\u00e7ir\u00addikten sonra Tesla alternatif ak\u0131ml\u0131 mo\u00adtorun detaylar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlar. Jenerat\u00f6rler, motorlar ve transformat\u00f6rler tasarlar. \u0130ki ak\u0131ml\u0131 motoru, \u00fc\u00e7 ak\u0131ml\u0131 motora ge\u00adli\u015ftirerek yeni bulu\u015fu \u00e7okfazl\u0131 motorun detaylar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Alternatif
ak\u0131m motorunun 26 \u015eubat 1896 tarihli
patenti.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

“M<\/em><\/strong>\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fck” s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli zorlad\u0131<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tesla m\u00fcthi\u015f bir matematik\u00e7iydi. Ay\u00adn\u0131 zamanda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren tutkulu bir do\u011fa g\u00f6zlemcisiydi. \u00c7ocuk\u00adlu\u011fu \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131nca akan nehir sular\u0131na kendi\u00adni at\u0131p, suyun g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc incelemekle ge\u00e7\u00admi\u015f ve bu tutkusu y\u00fcz\u00fcnden birka\u00e7 kez \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn e\u015fi\u011finden d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu \u00f6zellikleri ve ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyi e\u011fitim Edison gibi bilim insanlar\u0131 ile Tesla aras\u0131ndaki ay\u00adr\u0131m \u00e7izgisini belirtiyordu. Otobiyografi\u00adsinde hi\u00e7bir zaman Edison gibi deneme yan\u0131lma y\u00f6ntemiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, problemi matematik olarak kafas\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6zmeden hi\u00e7bir deney yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 be\u00adlirtir. \u0130lgin\u00e7tir ki, denedi\u011fi hi\u00e7bir aletini ikinci kez denemeye ve geli\u015ftirmeye ge\u00adrek duymad\u0131. \u00dcretti\u011fi makineler daima t\u00fcm detaylar\u0131yla matematik olarak \u00e7\u00f6\u00adz\u00fcmlendikten sonra istisnas\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Alternatif ak\u0131ml\u0131 motoru Budape\u015f\u00adte’de Faust <\/em>okuyup, g\u00fcnbat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 seyre\u00adderken \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtmi\u015ftik. Tesla bilimin, sanat faaliyetinin bir uzant\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve bir bilimci ile sanat\u00e7\u0131 ara\u00ads\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir fark olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yor\u00addu. D\u00f6neminin romantik gelene\u011fini ya\u00adk\u0131ndan takip ediyordu. E\u011fer tarif ede\u00adbilme \u00e7abam\u0131z\u0131 zorlarsak, Tesla’n\u0131n ro\u00admantik sanat gelene\u011finin bir dehas\u0131 ol\u00addu\u011funu belirtebiliriz. Belki de bu y\u00fcz\u00adden hayat\u0131 boyunca hi\u00e7bir zaman bulu\u015f\u00adlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden nas\u0131l para kazanabilece\u011fi gibi bir soruyu kendisine y\u00f6neltmedi. Bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi de \u00f6rne\u011fin Edison ile ara\u00ads\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck farkt\u0131. Edison daima “m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilecek bulu\u015flar” \u00fczerinde ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n fikirleri \u00fczerinden b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar kazan\u0131rken, Tesla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 asla bilmedi ve matematik problemleri ile daima zaman\u0131n\u0131n “m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fck” s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 zorlad\u0131 ve o s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 darmada\u011f\u0131n etti.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ABD’deki ilk ad<\/em><\/strong>\u0131mlar<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cGeride b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131m her anlamda sanatsal ve b\u00fcy\u00fcleyiciydi. Ve buldu\u011fum makinele\u015fmi\u015f, kaba ve cazibesi olma\u00adyan bir \u015feydi. Amerika dedikleri bu muydu?\u201d (1884)<\/p>\n

ABD’ye ad\u0131m att\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Tesla’n\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck defterine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sat\u0131rlar b\u00f6y\u00adleydi. Avrupa k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve sanat\u0131n\u0131 ola\u00adbilecek en y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde \u00f6z\u00fcmsemi\u015f Tesla, ABD’ye ad\u0131m att\u0131\u011f\u0131nda be\u015f para\u00ads\u0131zd\u0131. C\u00fczdan\u0131, valizi ve tren bileti Pa\u00adris’te \u00e7al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, kuvvetli haf\u0131zas\u0131 saye\u00adsinde hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tren bileti numaras\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek Calais Liman\u0131’ndan gemiye binebilmi\u015fti. Atlantik’i \u00fczerindeki elbi\u00adseleri de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden ge\u00e7mek zorunda kald\u0131. Atlantik yolculu\u011funu banyo yapamadan ve elbiselerini de\u011fi\u015ftiremeden yapmak zorunda kalmas\u0131, hayat\u0131nda de\u00adrin bir iz b\u0131rakt\u0131. Bir daha asla elini bir kez kurulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 havluyu ikinci kez kul\u00adlanmad\u0131. Temizlik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na tutuldu. New York’a indi\u011finde cebinde sadece \u0130ngiliz arkada\u015f\u0131 Charles Batchellor’un Edison’a kendisi i\u00e7in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 referans mektubu vard\u0131. C\u00fczdan\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u00ad\u011fundan mektubu da g\u00fcmr\u00fck g\u00f6revlileri\u00adne kimlik olarak g\u00f6sterip g\u00fcmr\u00fckten ge\u00e7ti. Prag, Paris, Budape\u015fte ve Berlin’den sonra New York g\u00f6z\u00fcne inan\u0131l\u00admaz derecede \u00e7irkin g\u00f6z\u00fckt\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1917 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerikan Elektrik M\u00fc\u00adhendisleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc kendisine verdi\u011fi Edison Alt\u0131n \u015eeref Madalyas\u0131’n\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00f6rende Tesla New York’ta att\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk ad\u0131mlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n

“\u0130lk birka\u00e7 ad\u0131mda kaybolmu\u015ftum bile. Yolumun \u00fczerinde bir at\u00f6lyede, bir elektrik ustas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki dinamoyu tamir etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken g\u00f6rd\u00fcm ve ka\u00adfam\u0131 uzat\u0131p yard\u0131ma ihtiyac\u0131 olup olma\u00add\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordum.”<\/p>\n

\"\"
Tesla 29 ya\u015f\u0131nda, ABD\u2019deki ilk zamanlar\u0131nda.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Avrupa yap\u0131m\u0131 olan dinamoyu \u00e7\u00f6ze\u00admeyen usta, Tesla’n\u0131n yard\u0131m \u00f6nerisini kabul etmi\u015f ve Tesla da ceketini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p, ak\u015fam\u00fcst\u00fcne do\u011fru dinamonun tamirini bitirmi\u015fti. Usta Tesla’ya i\u015f \u00f6nerdi, fakat Tesla kibarca \u00f6neriyi reddedip \u00e7\u0131kmak \u00fczereyken eline tutu\u015fturulan 20 dolar ile \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. O geceki otel ve ye\u00admek paras\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Edison’la kar<\/em><\/strong>\u015f\u0131la\u015fma ve hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ertesi g\u00fcn 5. Avenue’daki Edison \u015eirketi’nin \u00f6n\u00fcndeydi. Tesla an\u0131lar\u0131nda Edison’u g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hayalinde canland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Edi\u00adson tiplemesinin yerine, pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc ki\u00adlise ayinine giden bir \u00e7ift\u00e7iye benzeyen birini buldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Tesla Edison’a alternatif ak\u0131m motor projesini anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Edison Tesla’ya yeni elektrik te\u00adorileri ile ilgilenmedi\u011fini, pratik beceri\u00adsi y\u00fcksek bir m\u00fchendis arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. O g\u00fcnlerde Edison yeni bir sipari\u015f al\u00adm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, gemi m\u00fchendisi Louis Nixon’un transatlantik yolcu gemisinin ayd\u0131nlat\u00adma sistemini kurmakla me\u015fguld\u00fcr. SS Oregon adl\u0131 yolcu gemisi zaman\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve modern gemisidir ve ilk defa gemilerde kullan\u0131lan gaz lambalar\u0131 yerine elektrikle ayd\u0131nlatma sistemi kurula\u00adcakt\u0131r. Teknik bir ar\u0131za \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve ge\u00admiye yerle\u015ftirilen iki jenerat\u00f6r\u00fcn dina\u00admolar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in gemi hareket edememektedir. Jenerat\u00f6rlerin gemiden tamir i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 imk\u00e2ns\u0131z\u00add\u0131r. Tesla, Edison’a Paris’teki Continental Edison \u015eirketi’nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken bu tip dinamolar\u0131 tamir etti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek i\u015fi al\u0131r. Dinamolar\u0131n ana bobinleri yan\u00adm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tesla sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 iki jenerat\u00f6r\u00fc de \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r hale getirir. ABD’deki hayat\u0131 SS Oregon gemisinin jenerat\u00f6rlerini ta\u00admir ederek ba\u015flar. Edison, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na birdenbire \u00e7\u0131kan bu S\u0131rp m\u00fchendisin becerisi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hayrete d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Budape\u015fte’deki telefon firmas\u0131 ka\u00adpand\u0131ktan sonra Tesla patronu ile birlik\u00adte Paris’e gelmi\u015f ve orada Edison’un Paris \u015firketinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken Batchellor ile tan\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Batchellor’\u0131n te\u015fvikiyle ABD’ye gelen Tesla, bir \u015feyin fark\u0131nda de\u011fildi. Edison imparatorlu\u011fu do\u011frudan ak\u0131ml\u0131 elektrik jenerat\u00f6rlerinin patenti \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftu. Bu bir\u00e7ok sorun yaratsa da i\u015fleri yolunda gidiyordu Edison’un. Ne var ki Batchellor alt\u0131ndan kalkmak zorunda olduklar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma sistemlerinde birden fazla do\u011frudan ak\u0131ml\u0131 dinamoyu birbirine ba\u011flama probleminin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in Paris’te tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu gen\u00e7 S\u0131rp m\u00fchendisin dehas\u0131na g\u00fcvenmi\u015fti ve Tesla’y\u0131 bu y\u00fczden ABD’ye gitmesi i\u00e7in te\u015fvik et\u00admi\u015fti. Tesla bu ger\u00e7ekle k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra y\u00fczle\u015fti. Edison Tesla’n\u0131n alternatif ak\u0131ml\u0131 motor \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in paraya gereksinimi oldu\u011funu anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kendi\u00adne \u015eikago’daki Haverly Tiyatrosu’nun 647 ampul\u00fcn\u00fcn ayd\u0131nlatma sistemi i\u00e7in do\u011frudan ak\u0131ml\u0131 jenerat\u00f6rlerin senkro\u00adnizasyon tasar\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in 50 bin dolar tek\u00adlif etti. Tesla geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi reg\u00fclat\u00f6r sistemi ile jenerat\u00f6rleri birbirine senkronik bir \u015fekilde ba\u011flad\u0131. Edison’un tasar\u0131m\u0131na ekledi\u011fi ek bir f\u0131r\u00e7a tasar\u0131m\u0131 ile jenerat\u00f6rler d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Edison Tesla’n\u0131n tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n patentini kendi ad\u0131na ald\u0131. Ve Tesla’ya s\u00f6z verdi\u00ad\u011fi 50 bin dolar\u0131 vermedi ve \u00fcstelik kaba bir \u015fekilde kendisini tersledi. Tesla birdenbire g\u00fcnde 18 saat, haftada 7 g\u00fcn Edison’a \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00fcstelik Ediso\u00adn’un ticari at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n temelini att\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etti.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fin ger\u00e7e\u011fi Edison tam anlam\u0131yla bir k\u00f6r cahildi. H\u0131rvatistan’\u0131 Avrupa’\u00adn\u0131n ortas\u0131nda yaban\u0131l bir orman zanne\u00addiyordu. Bir keresinde Tesla’ya H\u0131rva\u00adtistan’da insan eti yiyip yemediklerini bile soracak kadar d\u00fcnya k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden habersizdi. Tesla, Edison’un kendisine s\u00f6z verdi\u011fi paray\u0131 vermemesi \u00fczerine istifa etti.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Edison ile aras<\/em><\/strong>\u0131ndaki fark<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tesla’n\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra Edi\u00adson, Tesla’n\u0131n tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 sayesinde Amerikan elektrik end\u00fcstrisini eline ge\u00ad\u00e7irdi. Tesla alternatif ak\u0131ml\u0131 motorunu Amerikan \u015firketlerine kabul ettirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, halen daha bir ger\u00e7e\u011fin fark\u0131nda de\u011fildi. ABD end\u00fcstrisi do\u011frudan ak\u0131ml\u0131 elektrik end\u00fcstrisinin \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftu ve Edison da paray\u0131 buradan kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kurulu sistemi de\u011fi\u015ftir\u00admek istemiyordu. Tesla alternatif ak\u0131ml\u0131 elektrik sistemini kurabilmek i\u00e7in, t\u00fcm sistemi de\u011fi\u015ftirmek zorundayd\u0131 ve bu\u00adnun i\u00e7in de bir alternatif ak\u0131m end\u00fcstrisi \u015firketine ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131. Bu ise muazzam bir sermaye anlam\u0131na geliyordu. Edison’un sistemi 115 volt \u00fczerinden \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Bu ise g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00adm\u0131z y\u00fcksek voltaj\u0131n ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layamayacak bir sistemdi ve \u00fcstelik yar\u0131m mil \u00f6tede bir enerji istasyonuna ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131. Bu zenginler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan problem yaratm\u0131yordu. Onlar, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 olan elektrik istasyonunu kurduruyorlard\u0131. Edison’un i\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplumsal kesim de bu zenginlerden olu\u015fuyordu. Tesla ise toplumdaki herkes i\u00e7in evlere kadar gi\u00adren bir elektrik \u00fcretiminin hayalini ku\u00adruyordu. Ohm Kanunu’nu yarat\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kullanarak alternatif ak\u0131ml\u0131 enerji \u00fcretiminde voltaj\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcp, y\u00fck\u00adseltebilece\u011fini fark etmi\u015fti. Kentlerin ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bug\u00fcn kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ampul tasar\u0131m\u0131 ile de ilgi\u00adlenen olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pentagon’un emrine girmedi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Genel olarak bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Tesla’n\u0131n hayat\u0131 ve bulu\u015flar\u0131 kapitalizmin bilimsel geli\u015fmenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde nas\u0131l bir engel olu\u015f\u00adturdu\u011funun a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. 19. y\u00fcz\u00ady\u0131l kapitalizminin sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 Tes\u00adla’n\u0131n bulu\u015flar\u0131 ile ilgilenmedi. Zira ser\u00admayenin \u00f6n planda tuttu\u011fu k\u00e2r mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Tesla’n\u0131n geni\u015f halk kitlelerine hiz\u00admet mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayat\u0131 boyunca kar\u015f\u0131ya gel\u00addi. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra bile t\u00fcm bulu\u015flar\u0131 kilit alt\u0131nda tutuldu; silah sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne ve dev Amerikan tekellerine kaynak olu\u015f\u00adturdu.<\/p>\n

Tesla 2000’li y\u0131llar\u0131n teknolojisini 1900’lerin ba\u015flar\u0131nda teorik olarak olu\u015f\u00adturmu\u015ftu. \u00dcstelik halen daha “paras\u0131z elektrik” gibi bulu\u015flar\u0131 hayat\u0131m\u0131za gire\u00adbilmi\u015f de\u011fil. Bir an i\u00e7in hayal kurmay\u0131 deneyin ve 1900’lerin ba\u015flar\u0131nda insan\u00adl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bug\u00fcn kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z teknik ve tek\u00adnolojik donan\u0131mla ku\u015fanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. 100 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde bug\u00fcn gelebildi\u011fimiz noktay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n. Yani kapitalizmin cenderesinden kurtu\u00adlabilmi\u015f bir bilimin insanl\u0131\u011fa sunabile\u00adce\u011fi hizmetleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Ac\u0131d\u0131r ki; bir zamanlar, Etiyopya’n\u0131n \u0130talyan i\u015fgalinden kurtulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Eti\u00adyopya halk\u0131na elektronik savunma sis\u00adtemlerini kendi k\u00f6\u015fesinde tasarlayan Tesla’n\u0131n bulu\u015flar\u0131 \u00fczerinden, son y\u0131l\u00adlarda Irak ve \u00fclkesi Yugoslavya katle\u00addildi.<\/p>\n

Tesla en fazla naif olmakla su\u00e7lana\u00adbilir. Tipik bir 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l Avrupal\u0131 ro\u00admantik olmakla su\u00e7lanabilir. Fakat \u00f6l\u00fc\u00adm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnden 57 y\u0131l ge\u00e7tikten sonra Bat\u0131l\u0131 yazarlar\u0131n FBI kay\u0131tlar\u0131na inana\u00adrak, \u00f6lmeden \u00f6nce mikrodalga silah\u0131n\u0131 FBI’a vermek istedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemeleri, deyim yerindeyse d\u00fcped\u00fcz terbiyesiz\u00adliktir. Tesla mikrodalga silah\u0131n\u0131 Yugos\u00adlavya’n\u0131n Nazi i\u015fgalinden kurtulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in tasarlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra otel odas\u0131na FBI’\u0131n, Yugoslavya B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi’nden sonra girebilmesi de, Tes\u00adla’n\u0131n vatan\u0131na olan derin sevgisinin ka\u00adn\u0131t\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Bug\u00fcn \u015fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi itiraf etmek gerekiyor. Tesla FBI ile de\u011fil fakat Yugoslav H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile do\u011frudan temasta oldu. \u0130steseydi ra\u00adhatl\u0131kla Pentagon’un emrine girebilirdi. Bunu se\u00e7medi. Ve bu y\u00fczden de sadece FBI’\u0131n de\u011fil fakat ABD ekonomisini elinde tutan t\u00fcm \u015firketlerin korkulu r\u00fc\u00adyas\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc…<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tesla, Edison’a kar<\/em><\/strong>\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131 kazan\u0131yor<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tesla kurtlar sofras\u0131nda m\u00fccadele vermenin y\u00f6ntemini \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015fti. Arka\u00adda\u015f\u0131 A. K. Brown ile birlikte Tesla Electric Company’nin kurulu\u015funu ger\u00ad\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Brown, Tesla’ya alternatif ak\u0131m ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan motorun tasa\u00adr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve sistemin t\u00fcm ek par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n jenerat\u00f6rlerinin, transforma\u00adt\u00f6rlerinin de tasarlanmas\u0131 ge\u00adrekti\u011fini anlatt\u0131. Tesla tek faz\u00adl\u0131, iki fazl\u0131 ve \u00fc\u00e7 fazl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 adet motor geli\u015ftirdi. 40’\u0131n \u00fczerin\u00adde jenerat\u00f6r ve transformat\u00f6r tasarlad\u0131. Sistemin uzun mesa\u00adfelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek voltaj aktarabilen ince kablo tasar\u0131m\u0131 ile sistemini tamamla\u00add\u0131. Amerikan Patent Daire\u00adsi’nde sistemin t\u00fcm tasar\u0131m\u0131 Tesla’n\u0131n ad\u0131na 30 ayr\u0131 patent ile patentlendi. Tesla kurdu\u011fu yeni sistemin t\u00fcm patent hak\u00adlar\u0131na sahipti art\u0131k. George Westinghouse adl\u0131 bir i\u015fadam\u0131 Tesla’n\u0131n yeni sistemi ile ilgi\u00adlendi. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Westinghouse imparatorlu\u011fu Tesla’n\u0131n bu\u00adlu\u015flar\u0131 \u00fczerinden in\u015fa edildi. Westinghouse firmas\u0131 alterna\u00adtif ak\u0131m sistemini g\u00fcnl\u00fck ha\u00adyata ilk sokan \u015firket oldu. Tes\u00adla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fma ile patent hakk\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar kazan\u00add\u0131. Amerikan sosyetesinin g\u00f6z\u00adde simalar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftu. 1 May\u0131s 1893 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerika’da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen D\u00fcnya Fuar\u0131’n\u0131n ayd\u0131nlatma sisteminin ihalesini Westinghouse firmas\u0131 ald\u0131. Bu tarihe kadarki s\u00fcre\u00e7, Edison’un Tesla ile m\u00fccadelesi ile ge\u00e7mi\u015f\u00adti. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 patent davalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Sonunda Edison, \u015firketi\u00adni satmak zorunda kald\u0131. Tesla’n\u0131n tasa\u00adr\u0131m\u0131 olan 96.620 ampulle ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lan D\u00fcnya Fuar\u0131, Tesla’n\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 g\u00f6s\u00adterisi haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Tesla fuarda kadi\u00adfe bir zemin \u00fczerinde elektrik enerjisi ile d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc metal yumurtas\u0131 ve v\u00fc\u00adcudundan ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi y\u00fcksek voltaj ener\u00adjisi ile sistemin zarars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00fcst\u00fcn g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterdi. Edison, Tesla ile s\u00fcr\u00add\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc m\u00fccadeleyi kaybetmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tesla’n<\/em><\/strong>\u0131n beyin dalgalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 bir s\u0131r<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tesla 1 May\u0131s 1893 D\u00fcnya Fuar\u0131’na Yugoslavya’dan gelmi\u015f ve annesini he\u00adn\u00fcz kaybetmi\u015fti. Londra ve Paris’te verdi\u011fi konferanslar ile uluslararas\u0131 bir \u00fcne kavu\u015fmu\u015ftu. Annesinin yan\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6l\u00fcm d\u00f6\u015fe\u011findeki annesi ile son konu\u015fmalar\u0131 Tesla’y\u0131 t\u00fcm haya\u00adt\u0131n\u0131 sorgulama s\u00fcrecine soktu. Annesi\u00adnin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan 6 hafta bilincini kaybetti. Bu 6 hafta i\u00e7erisinde ilgin\u00e7 il\u00adl\u00fczyonlar g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bilin\u00e7siz olarak masa \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcne birtak\u0131m form\u00fcller ve elektrik d\u00fczenekleri karalad\u0131. Bilincine yeniden kavu\u015ftuktan sonra \u015fu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 kaleme ald\u0131:<\/p>\n

“Art\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye yo\u011funla\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131m. Tanr\u0131’dan gelen insan akl\u0131\u00adn\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcne. Beynimizin enerji \u00fcretimini do\u011fan\u0131n enerjisi ile senkronize edersek t\u00fcm gezegenin gelece\u011fini kurtarabili\u00adriz.”<\/p>\n

Ve bug\u00fcn halen bir s\u0131r olarak kalan Tesla’n\u0131n insan beyninin dalgalar\u0131 \u00fcze\u00adrine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 b\u00f6ylece ba\u015flad\u0131. Westinghouse Tesla’n\u0131n bulu\u015flar\u0131 \u00fczerinde imparatorlu\u011funu kuradursun, Tesla bu kez \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir projenin i\u00e7erisi\u00adne ad\u0131m at\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan beyninin dalgalar\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7a\u00adl\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, beynin Beta, Alfa ve Teta boyutlar\u0131ndaki dalga boylar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc. Bu dalga boylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc bug\u00fcn mo\u00addern t\u0131bb\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n ola\u00adrak tespit etti. Normal bilin\u00e7 d\u00fczeyinde\u00adki Beta durumundaki beynin EEG \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcndeki dalga boyunu saniyede 14, dinlenme durumundaki Alfa boyutunu saniyede 7’inin alt\u0131nda ve uyku durumundaki beynin Teta boyutunu da sani\u00adyede 3 devir birim olarak saptad\u0131. Tesla-Schuman Rezonans\u0131 olarak da bilinen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n do\u011fal dalga boyunu saniyede 10 olarak saptam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bug\u00fcn kesin ola\u00adrak bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm 7,8 olarak saptanm\u0131\u015f du\u00adrumda. Tesla ELF (\u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dalga bo\u00adyu) 7,8 Hertz dalga boyuna ayarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 elektrik enerjisini kendi \u00fczerinde dene\u00adyerek, deney sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kaydetti. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar \u00f6zellikle 60’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Sov\u00adyetler Birli\u011fi’ndeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda geli\u015fti\u00adrildi. V\u00fccudumuzun enerji haritas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ka\u00adr\u0131ld\u0131. Tesla’n\u0131n ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 beynin \u00f6n lobu ile arka lobu aras\u0131ndaki enerji de\u011fi\u015fimi\u00adnin verileri ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n hangi a\u015famaya geldi\u011fi bug\u00fcn halen kamuoyu ta\u00adraf\u0131ndan bilinmemektedir. Bilebildi\u011fi\u00admiz sadece Rus bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n “telekinesis” olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u00adlarda beynin normal Beta durumunday\u00adken, Alfa ve Teta boyutlar\u0131na ge\u00e7ilmesi durumundaki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n gerek Tesla ve gerekse de Sovyet bilim insanlar\u0131 ta\u00adraf\u0131nda incelendi\u011fidir.<\/p>\n

Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n \u00f6nemi \u015fudur. Beynin Beta boyutundan, ki\u015fi uyan\u0131k durumdayken Alfa ve Teta boyutlar\u0131na s\u0131\u00e7rat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, \u201cparapsikoloji-paranormal faaliyetler” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan alandan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Tesla ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 bu alandaki incelemelerin insanl\u0131k tarihinde mistik olarak korunan \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, ruh denen \u015feyin de biyoenerjimizden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar bilimin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, fizik\u00f6tesi olarak tan\u0131mlanan alan\u0131n fizik i\u00e7erisindeki tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tesla’n<\/em><\/strong>\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fctopyas\u0131<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tesla’n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 insan beyni ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131. Ad\u0131m ad\u0131m k\u00fcresel bir projeye do\u011fru ilerlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. D\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n enerji potansiyeli ve insa\u00adn\u0131n biyoenerjisinin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n biyoenerjisi ile olan ili\u015fkisini incelemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Colorado’da kurdu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemevi ve laboratuvar\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n sonucunda bir \u00fctopyaya ula\u015ft\u0131. D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n ve atmosferimizin s\u00fcrekli olarak elekt\u00adrik ile \u015farj edildi\u011fini ve \u015fim\u015feklerin at\u00admosferdeki d\u00fczenli uzay aral\u0131klar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini saptad\u0131. Bu saptamas\u0131 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ruslar’\u0131n MIR Uzay \u0130stas\u00adyonu taraf\u0131ndan do\u011fruland\u0131. Tesla bu saptamas\u0131ndan hareketle, kablosuz enerji aktar\u0131m\u0131 ile sadece telgraf mesaj\u00adlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fil, sesin, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131 bilginin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n istedi\u011fi\u00admiz yerine iletilebilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi ve bu s\u00f6ylediklerini projeye d\u00f6kmeye ba\u015f\u00adlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tesla’n\u0131n bu c\u00fcmleleri sarf etti\u011fi tarih 1899 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n may\u0131s ay\u0131d\u0131r. 1899 y\u0131l\u0131nda Tesla’n\u0131n laboratuvar\u0131nda telgraf \u00e7oktan ilkel bir alete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve Tesla tele\u00advizyon, bilgisayar, cep telefonlar\u0131, mo\u00addem hatlar \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015fla\u00adm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tesla, Century Magazine <\/em>ile te\u00admasa ge\u00e7erek, Colorado \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 makaleye d\u00f6kmek istedi\u011fini belirtti. Dergi edit\u00f6rleri Tesla’dan sansasyonel ayd\u0131nlatma teknikleri \u00fczerine yaz\u0131 bek\u00adliyorlard\u0131. Fakat Tesla’dan gelen yaz\u0131\u00adn\u0131n \u00fcstba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 “\u0130nsan enerjisinin y\u00fcksel\u00admesinin problemleri”, alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da, “\u0130nsan faaliyetlerinin ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n filozofik tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131” idi. Makale dergide yay\u0131mlanmad\u0131. Tesla yaz\u0131s\u0131nda kablo\u00adsuz enerji \u00fcretimi ile evrensel bir d\u00fcnya sistemi kurulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc mesaj, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc ve filmin s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir \u015fekilde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik \u00fclkelerindeki insanlar aras\u0131nda iletilebilece\u011fini, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fti\u00adrilmesi ile \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n kalkaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve insanlar\u0131n serbest\u00e7e yol\u00adculuk yapabilece\u011fini ve en \u00f6nemlisi, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n depolanm\u0131\u015f enerjisinden herkesin basit bir al\u0131c\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z ya\u00adrarlanabilece\u011fini ve s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde el eme\u011fine olan ihtiyac\u0131n minumum d\u00fczeye inece\u011fini belirtiyordu. Tesla makalesinde insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu a\u015fama\u00addan sonra uzaydaki di\u011fer gezegen\u00adlerle temasa ge\u00e7ece\u011fini bildiriyor\u00addu. Tesla, makalesinde yer alan g\u00f6\u00adr\u00fc\u015flerini be\u015f ayr\u0131 bulu\u015fu \u00fczerinde \u015fekillendiriyordu. Bunlar s\u0131ras\u0131yla:<\/p>\n

– Tesla bobini (Voltaj ayar\u0131 yapa\u00adbilen bobin).<\/p>\n

– Transmitter (D\u00fcnyan\u0131n elektri\u00ad\u011finin \u015farj\u0131 ile rezonans olan ayd\u0131n\u00adlanma alanlar\u0131).<\/p>\n

– Kablosuz sistem.<\/p>\n

– Bireyselli\u011fin sanat\u0131 (Bu Tes\u00adla’n\u0131n d\u00fczene\u011finde her bireyin ken\u00addi dalga boyundaki al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tasar\u0131\u00adm\u0131 idi. Her bireyin kendi istasyonu kendisine g\u00f6nderilen mesajlar\u0131 ala\u00adbilecekti. Bunu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kullan\u0131\u00adlan cep telefonu ve e-mail’in ilk prototipi olarak tan\u0131mlayabiliriz).<\/p>\n

– Uzay \u00f6tesi dalgalar (Tesla ge\u00adzegenimizin belli dalga boylar\u0131na tepki verdi\u011fini tespit etmi\u015f ve D\u00fcnya’y\u0131 s\u00fcrekli vibrasyonda olan bir enerji topuna benzetmi\u015ftir. D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n etraf\u0131n\u00adda olu\u015fturulacak enerji tarlas\u0131 ile D\u00fcn\u00adya’n\u0131n enerjisi hi\u00e7bir kayba u\u011framadan de\u011ferlendirilebilecek ve b\u00f6ylece geze\u00adgenimizi kirletmeyen temiz ve paras\u0131z bir elektrik elde edilebilecekti).<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Kapitalizmin <\/em><\/strong>\u00e7ark\u0131na \u00e7omak sokunca…<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 ne oldu? Tesla’n\u0131n \u00fctopyas\u0131n\u00adda tek bir etken eksikti (her zaman ol\u00addu\u011fu gibi): ekonomik etken. Tesla’n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 Westinghouse firmas\u0131nda alarm sinyallerine neden oldu. Tesla, Edison’un do\u011fru ak\u0131m end\u00fcstrisini yok etmi\u015f, olu\u015fturdu\u011fu alternatif ak\u0131m siste\u00admi ile yeni bir end\u00fcstri d\u00fczene\u011fi kur\u00admu\u015f ve bu d\u00fczenek \u00fczerinden Westinghouse ve General Electrics gibi dev te\u00adkeller t\u00fcremi\u015f, imparatorluklar\u0131n\u0131 in\u015fa etmi\u015flerdi. \u015eimdi Tesla hepsini kablo\u00adsuz enerji \u00fcretiminin yeni d\u00fczene\u011fi ile tehdit ediyor ve kendi kurdu\u011fu end\u00fcstri\u00adyi \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131yordu. Westinghouse ve Ge\u00adneral Electrics patronlar\u0131 ku\u015fkusuz Tes\u00adla’n\u0131n ne istedi\u011fini anlam\u0131yorlard\u0131. Tes\u00adla patent \u00fccretleri ile l\u00fcks bir ya\u015fam ya\u00ad\u015f\u0131yordu. Derdi neydi?<\/p>\n

\"\"
Tesla\u2019n\u0131n yeg\u00e2ne dostu Mark Twain Tesla\u2019n\u0131n
laboratuvar\u0131nda (1895).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tesla’n\u0131n \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131 tek anlayabilen Samuel Clements (Mark Twain) oldu herhalde. Hayat\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir zaman yak\u0131n dostluklar kurmam\u0131\u015f olan Tesla ile Cle\u00adments aras\u0131ndaki dostluk da 1910 y\u0131l\u0131nda Clements’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile sona erdi. Tesla \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne kadarki y\u0131llar\u0131, kablosuz sisteminin in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7abalad\u0131\u00ad\u011f\u0131 bir ko\u015fturmaca ile ge\u00e7irdi. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ihtiyac\u0131 olan paray\u0131 temin edebilmek i\u00e7in t\u00fcm patent haklar\u0131n\u0131 satt\u0131. Yugoslav H\u00fck\u00fcmeti imdad\u0131na yeti\u015fti. G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u00ad\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilecek bir maa\u015f ba\u011flan\u00add\u0131 Tesla’ya. 75. do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcnde Einstein’\u0131n r\u00f6lativite teorisinin yetersiz oldu\u00ad\u011funu, dinamik yer\u00e7ekimi teorisinin ya\u00adk\u0131nda kendisi taraf\u0131ndan kamuoyuna su\u00adnulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Konu\u015fmas\u0131nda ses, \u0131s\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131k, r\u00f6ntgen ve radyo dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n yer\u00e7ekimi ile olan ili\u015fkisinden s\u00f6z etti. Yer\u00e7ekimi dalgalar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etti\u011fi bu konu\u015fmas\u0131, 1980’li y\u0131llarda tekrar hat\u0131r\u00adland\u0131. PSR 1913 + 16 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131\u00adlan ve enerji kayb\u0131na neden olan “double neutron star”\u0131n 1980’li y\u0131llarda bu\u00adlunmas\u0131yla yer\u00e7ekimi dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u00ad\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131tland\u0131. Tesla bunu nas\u0131l ke\u015ffet\u00admi\u015fti? Einstein’\u0131n r\u00f6lativite teorisine neden kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve yer\u00e7ekimi dal\u00adgalar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l ke\u015ffetti\u011fini hi\u00e7\u00adbir zaman a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131. K\u00fcsm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

KAYNAKLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) The Man Who Invented The Twentieth Century: Nikola Tesla, Forgotten Genius of Elecricity. Robert Lomas, Headline, Londra 1999.<\/p>\n

2) Lightining in his Hand: The Life Story of Nikola Tesla, Inez Hunt and Wanetta W Draper, Omni Publications, Califorina 1977.<\/p>\n

3) Tesla Said, Compiled by John T Ratzlaff, Tesla Book Company, N. Y. 1984.<\/p>\n

4) Remote Viewing, Tim R\u0131fat, Century, 1999, Londra.<\/p>\n

5) Spark of Genius, R. Lomas, The Indepen-dent Magazine, 21 A\u011fustos 1999, Londra.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuk mucit<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuk daha sadece birka\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131nda iken \u00f6zg\u00fcn bulu\u015flar yapmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Be\u015f ya\u015f\u0131ndayken, \u00e7evrede g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerine hi\u00e7 de benzemeyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir sudolab\u0131 yapt\u0131. D\u00fcz ve \u00e7arks\u0131z olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen cereyanda d\u00f6n\u00fcyordu. Y\u0131llar sonra pervane\u00adsiz t\u00fcrbinini tasarlarken, bu olay\u0131 hat\u0131rlayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ama deneylerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 da pek o kadar ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmad\u0131. Bir defas\u0131nda ah\u0131r\u0131n dam\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, aile \u015femsiyesini s\u0131k\u0131ca tutarak, v\u00fccudunun hafifli\u011fini ve ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6nmesini hissedene kadar serin da\u011f esintisinde havalanma fikri, onu u\u00e7abilece\u011fine ikna etmi\u015fti. \u00c7ak\u0131larak bilin\u00e7siz yere y\u0131\u011f\u0131l\u0131r ve annesi taraf\u0131ndan yata\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

16 b\u00f6cek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc motoru da, ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, tam bir basan de\u011fildir. Bu, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tahta par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir yel de\u011firmeni ve canl\u0131 may\u0131s b\u00f6ceklerine ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f bir makara ve milden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hafif bir mekanizmad\u0131r. Tutkallanm\u0131\u015f b\u00f6cekler kanat\u00adlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131nca, bunu umutsuz bir \u015fekilde yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in, b\u00f6cek g\u00fcc\u00fcne dayanan makine havalanmaya haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. Ancak bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7izgisi, bir arkada\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6ceklerin tad\u0131n\u0131 merak edince, sonsuza kadar terk edilir. Yak\u0131n\u0131nda duran b\u00f6cek dolusu kavanozu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, onlar\u0131 a\u011fz\u0131na t\u0131kmaya ba\u015flar. Gen\u00e7 mucidin midesi bunu kald\u0131rmaz.”<\/p>\n

(“Tesla: Zaman\u0131n \u00d6tesindeki Deha”, Margaret Cheney)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1893 Chicago D<\/strong>\u00fcnya Fuar\u0131’nda alternatif ak\u0131m \u00fcreteci<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Chicago D\u00fcnya Fuar\u0131\u2019ndaki
alternatif ak\u0131m santralinde 1000\u2019er
beygir g\u00fcc\u00fcnde 12 \u00e7ift fazl\u0131 jenerat\u00f6r yer al\u0131yordu.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Westinghouse \u015firketi D\u00fcnya Fuar\u0131\u2019nda ayd\u0131nlatma cihaz\u0131ndan tamamen farkl\u0131 olarak, b\u00fct\u00fcn bir \u00e7okfazl\u0131 sistem sergiledi. Ana jenerat\u00f6rden gelen ak\u0131mla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7iff-fazl\u0131 ind\u00fcksiyon motoru serginin en \u00f6nemli par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131. Sergide, bunu takiben, transmisyon i\u015flemi i\u00e7in voltaj y\u00fckseltmeye yarayan transformat\u00f6rleri olan bir \u00e7okfazl\u0131 jenerat\u00f6r; k\u0131sa bir transmisyon hatt\u0131; voltaj d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeye yarayan transformat\u00f6rler; ind\u00fcksiyon motorlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fi; bir e\u015fzamanl\u0131 motor; bir tren motorunu harekete ge\u00e7iren do\u011fru ak\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir d\u00f6nel \u00e7evirge\u00e7 bulunuyordu. Sergiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 saya\u00e7lar ve di\u011fer \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli yard\u0131mc\u0131 cihazlar da mevcuttu. Ticari ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir sergiye uygun boyutlardaki ayg\u0131t; kamuoyuna, \u00e7okfazl\u0131 ak\u0131mla enerjinin b\u00fcy\u00fck uzakl\u0131klara ta\u015f\u0131nabilece\u011fi ve sonra da -do\u011fru ak\u0131m sa\u011flamak da d\u00e2hil- \u00e7e\u015fitli ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi bir evrensel g\u00fc\u00e7 sistemini g\u00f6steriyordu. VVestinghouse ve \u015firketinin \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistemi, yani alternatif ak\u0131m ve \u00e7okfazl\u0131 sistemi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r halde sergiliyordu. Belli bir inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k pay\u0131yla, 1876 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Y\u00fczy\u0131l Sergisi’nin en \u00f6nemli sonucunun Amerikan halk\u0131n\u0131n orada ekme\u011fi ke\u015ffetmesi oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir. Bu durumda daha da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k pay\u0131yla, 1893 Kolomb Sergisi’nin en iyi sonucunun \u00e7okfazl\u0131 alternatif ak\u0131m\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011fa yarar\u0131na dair son ciddi \u015f\u00fcpheleri de ortadan kald\u0131rmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. Hen\u00fcz Niagara’daki belirleyici g\u00f6steri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmemi\u015fti ama D\u00fcnya Fuar\u0131 onun ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fini m\u00fcjdeledi ve sanayi tarihinde \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu mekanizma\u00ady\u0131 g\u00f6ren, hayranl\u0131kla eksiksiz kontrol paneline bakan ve g\u00fczel ayd\u0131nlatma efektlerine tan\u0131k olan insanlardan \u00e7ok az\u0131, tarihi bir an ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ve bir devrimin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131na bakt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Wardenclyffe Projesi, bedava enerji ve Tesla’n<\/em><\/strong>\u0131n aforoz edilmesi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bora Ataman<\/strong><\/p>\n

1900 y\u0131l\u0131nda New York’a d\u00f6nen Tesla, J. Pierpont Morgan ad\u0131nda bir finans\u00f6r\u00fcn 150 bin dolarl\u0131k deste\u011fiyle, Long Island’da kablosuz ileti\u015fim amac\u0131na y\u00f6\u00adnelik dev kulesinin in\u015fas\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131 (Wardenclyffe Profesi). Bu verici istasyonu, piramit \u015feklinde, sekizgen ve 54 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde bir yap\u0131yd\u0131. Wardenclyffe’in bu kule sayesinde d\u00fcn\u00adyan\u0131n merkezi olaca\u011f\u0131 san\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Tes\u00adla’n\u0131n bu deste\u011fi alabilmesini sa\u011flayan, onun bu kule vas\u0131tas\u0131yla \u00e7ok uzaklara resim, mesaj, ses ve her t\u00fcrden veriyi g\u00f6nderebilece\u011fi iddias\u0131yd\u0131. Oysa Tes\u00adla’n\u0131n daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir amac\u0131 vard\u0131. S\u00fc\u00adrekli olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hertziyan dalgalarla u\u011fra\u015fmamakta ve kendi “teta 4 dalgalar\u0131” olarak an\u0131lacak olan elektrik dalgalar\u0131yla kablosuz enerji ak\u00adtar\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flamaya \u00e7abalamaktayd\u0131. Ama\u00e7 yine ayn\u0131yd\u0131: T\u00fcm insanl\u0131\u011fa be\u00addava enerji sa\u011flamak!<\/p>\n

Tesla, bu sefer \u00e7ok ileri gitmi\u015fti. Bu kapitalist sistemin k\u00e2r mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00adden sarsabilecek felaket bir fikirdi. Be\u00addava enerji, petrol gibi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir ekonomik kayna\u011f\u0131 yarars\u0131z hale getire\u00adbilecek ve t\u00fcm end\u00fcstrinin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc gerektirebilecek bir tehlikeydi. 1903’deki bu a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131ndan sonra ar\u00adkas\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn destekler \u00e7ekildi ve ya\u00adva\u015f yava\u015f ismi kitaplardan silinmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bunda o g\u00fcnk\u00fc ekonomik duru\u00admun da etkisi vard\u0131r. Marconi, 150 bin dolardan daha ucuza Atlantik’i a\u015fan ilk mesaj\u0131 yollamay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f ve \u015firketinin hisseleri borsada kap\u0131\u015f kap\u0131\u015f sat\u0131lmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Tesla’n\u0131n \u015firketi g\u00f6zden d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Tesla ise, Marconi’nin yapt\u0131\u00ad\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, kendisinin h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda yapabildi\u00ad\u011fi \u00f6nemsiz ve basit bir i\u015f oldu\u011funu ve Marconi’nin zaten kendisine ait patent\u00adleri kullanarak bunu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015f ve kendi amac\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte ne oldu\u011fu\u00adnu a\u00e7\u0131klama gafletinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu tarihten itibaren bir\u00e7ok kimse taraf\u0131ndan bir deli olarak an\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1904 y\u0131l\u0131nda Colorado Springs’deki elektrik \u015firketi Tesla’y\u0131 u\u011fratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zarar\u00addan dolay\u0131 mahkemeye verdi ve 180 do\u00adlarl\u0131k mahkeme paras\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denebilmesi i\u00e7in oradaki laboratuvar\u0131 sat\u0131ld\u0131. 1906 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 icatlarla zengin etti\u011fi George Westinghouse, Tesla’n\u0131n kablo\u00adsuz enerji iletimi \u00f6nerisini geri \u00e7evirdi.<\/p>\n

___________________________________<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tesla, Edison’un do\u011fru ak\u0131m end\u00fcstrisini yok etmi\u015f, olu\u015fturdu\u011fu alternatif ak\u0131m sistemi ile yeni bir end\u00fcstri d\u00fczene\u011fi kurmu\u015f ve bu d\u00fczenek \u00fczerinden Westinghouse ve General Electrics gibi dev tekeller t\u00fcremi\u015fti. Tesla hepsini kablosuz enerji \u00fcretimi ve bedava elektrik ile tehdit edince… \u00a0 Bilim ve sanat tarihini inceler\u00adken, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktala\u00adn\u0131n in\u015fa eden portreler aras\u0131n\u00adda kurdu\u011fumuz tarihsel […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":158,"featured_media":12378,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[154,38,26,1],"tags":[1022,1017,1023,384],"class_list":["post-12376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-117-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-fizik","category-genel","tag-edison","tag-elektrik","tag-general-electrics","tag-tesla"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t