{"id":12406,"date":"2013-12-01T13:00:35","date_gmt":"2013-12-01T11:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=12406"},"modified":"2017-07-06T17:24:50","modified_gmt":"2017-07-06T14:24:50","slug":"munihte-dunyanin-en-buyuk-bilim-teknoloji-muzesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2013\/12\/01\/munihte-dunyanin-en-buyuk-bilim-teknoloji-muzesi","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcnih\u2019te d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bilim-teknoloji m\u00fczesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alman M\u00fczesi (Deutsches Museum), M\u00fcnih\u2019in, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n ve kimi kaynaklara g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bilim ve teknoloji m\u00fczesi olma unvan\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. (1) Onlarca farkl\u0131 alana dair on binlerce nesneyi bir arada g\u00f6rme imk\u00e2n\u0131na kavu\u015ftu\u011fumda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m heyecan\u0131 unutamam. Tabii ayr\u0131lman\u0131n verdi\u011fi h\u00fczn\u00fc; ancak sevgiliye el sallarken duyumsar insan.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Polonya\u2019daki kaya
tuzu madeni.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Alman M\u00fczesi, y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,3 milyon ziyaret\u00e7iyi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131yor. Kurulma karar\u0131, elektrik m\u00fchendisi Oskar von Miller\u2019in giri\u015fimiyle, Alman M\u00fchendisler Odas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (VDI) 28 Haziran 1903\u2019teki toplant\u0131s\u0131nda al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. \u0130lk ve uzun isminden (2) de anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, buras\u0131 do\u011fabilimleri ve tekni\u011fin ba\u015fyap\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n mek\u00e2n\u0131. Benim m\u00fcze ile tan\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131n arkas\u0131nda da, orada bulundu\u011funu duydu\u011fum bir makineyi g\u00f6rme arzusu yat\u0131yordu. Robotlar \u00fczerine bir sunum haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaparken, 1801\u2019de delikli kartlarla otomasyonu sa\u011flanan dokuma tezg\u00e2h\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffeden Joseph-Marie Jacquard\u2019\u0131n bir \u00f6rnek eserinin Alman M\u00fczesi\u2019nde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftim. Neyse ki, M\u00fcnih\u2019te ya\u015fayan bilim-teknoloji merakl\u0131s\u0131 kuzenim benimle benzer hisleri payla\u015f\u0131yordu da iste\u011fimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmem kolay oldu.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n
portreleriyle
\u00e7evrili konferans
salonu.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

M\u00fczeye ula\u015f\u0131m olduk\u00e7a kolay. Metro ve k\u0131sa bir y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan, Isar nehri \u00fczerindeki Bosch k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7iyor ve az sonra avluya ad\u0131m at\u0131yorsunuz. 1903\u2019te ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan arazi, eskiden k\u00f6m\u00fcr adas\u0131 olarak bilinirmi\u015f, \u015fimdi ise m\u00fcze adas\u0131 deniyor. (3) Nazi y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7 kaybeden ve g\u00fcncelli\u011fini yitiren bu g\u00fczelim kurumun binas\u0131, sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, h\u00e2liyle ciddi bir bak\u0131mdan ge\u00e7mi\u015f. Yap\u0131n\u0131n sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi durumuna eri\u015fip onu a\u015fmas\u0131, 1965\u2019i bulmu\u015f. (4) Sonras\u0131nda ise s\u00fcrekli bir geli\u015fim g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Galilei\u2019nin
\u00e7al\u0131\u015fma
odas\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

M\u00fczenin tarihine ve ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlere ili\u015fkin bu \u00f6zetin ard\u0131ndan, dilerseniz \u015fimdi baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine bakal\u0131m:<\/p>\n

Altamira-h\u00f6hle<\/strong>: 1879\u2019da \u0130spanya\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinde bulunan Altamira ma\u011faras\u0131, Ta\u015f Devri\u2019ne ait resimlerin ke\u015ffedildi\u011fi ilk yerdi. Yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak M\u00d6 13.000 tarihli \u00e7izimleri g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Bergbau<\/strong>: Ba\u015fta k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve tuz olmak \u00fczere 16. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan bug\u00fcne madencilik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir sergi. M\u00fczenin, yer seviyesinin alt\u0131nda bulunan, toplam 700 metre uzunlu\u011fundaki par\u00e7as\u0131, belki de en etkileyici k\u0131s\u0131m. 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, Wieliczka\u2019da (Polonya) yer alan me\u015fhur kaya tuzu madeni, kavurucu s\u0131cakta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler, darac\u0131k yollar, e\u011filerek ge\u00e7ebilece\u011finiz t\u00fcneller, i\u015f makineleri, ocak… Hepsi ger\u00e7ekmi\u015f gibi tasarlanm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Hochspannungsanlage<\/strong>: Enerji b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde belirli bir program dahilinde, m\u00fczenin en \u00e7ok ilgi \u00e7eken g\u00f6sterilerinden biri yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Faraday kafesi (Faraday\u2019scher K\u00e4fig) olarak isimlendirilen bir alete y\u00fcksek voltaj veriliyor, bu sayede g\u00f6rsel ve i\u015fitsel bir ziyafette buluyorsunuz kendinizi. Voltaj kontroll\u00fc olarak art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor, 300 bin, 1 milyon say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 duyunca korkman\u0131z muhtemel, hele de birka\u00e7 metre \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fczde y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m olu\u015fuyorsa. Kafesin i\u00e7erisinde, 3 metre y\u00fckseklikte as\u0131l\u0131 duran bir m\u00fcze \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 var; ama i\u00e7iniz rahat olsun, kendisi bu \u015fovdan hi\u00e7bir zarar g\u00f6rmeyecek. Elektrik alan\u0131 ve elektromanyetik dalga merakl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n pek sevece\u011fi dakikalar.<\/p>\n

Galilei\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma odas\u0131<\/strong>: Masas\u0131na oturman\u0131za izin verilmese de, t\u00fcm bir oday\u0131, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 aletleri, mobilyalar\u0131 g\u00f6rmek, onunla aran\u0131zdaki ba\u011f\u0131 daha da art\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"
4 Ekim 1957\u2019de SSCB taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye oturtulan ilk yapay uydu, Sputnik 1.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tabii bunlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda m\u00fczede pek \u00e7ok b\u00f6l\u00fcm ve g\u00f6steri var. Uzay, matematik, fizik deneyleri, gelecekteki olas\u0131 teknolojiler, me\u015fhur Enigma, u\u00e7aklar, robotlar, bilgisayarlar, planetaryum, m\u00fczik… Olduk\u00e7a iyi planlanm\u0131\u015f ve dizayn edilmi\u015f binan\u0131n katlar\u0131n\u0131 inip \u00e7\u0131kmaktan yoruldu\u011funuzda mola verebilece\u011finiz kafeler de var.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Enigma.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ziyaretinizin sonunda, giri\u015fteki kitap\u00e7\u0131ya ve avlunun di\u011fer taraf\u0131ndaki k\u00fct\u00fcphaneye u\u011frayabilirsiniz. Zek\u00e2 oyunlar\u0131, kitaplar, hediyelik e\u015fyalar alabilece\u011finiz gibi, k\u00fct\u00fcphane raflar\u0131nda 32 ciltlik Sovyet ansiklopedi setine g\u00f6z atma \u015fans\u0131na sahipsiniz. Zihniniz dolu bir \u015fekilde d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda nehrin kenar\u0131nda biraz soluklan\u0131n derim, binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k bilim tarihi yolculu\u011funun etkisindeyken, Isar sizi kendinize getirecektir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u0130PNOTLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) M\u00fczenin M\u00fcnih s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde iki, Bonn\u2019da ise bir olmak \u00fczere toplamda \u00fc\u00e7 kolu bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

2) Deutsches Museum von Meisterwerken der Naturwissenschaft und Technik.<\/p>\n

3) M\u00fcze adas\u0131 veya m\u00fcze b\u00f6lgesi gibi isimlere (Museumsinsel, Museumsquartier, vb.) Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n farkl\u0131 \u015fehirlerinde rastlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

4) Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki enerji sava\u015flar\u0131nda yitirilen bilim-sanat eserlerinin hesab\u0131n\u0131 kim verebilir?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Murat Naro\u011flu<\/strong> \/ Viyana<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alman M\u00fczesi (Deutsches Museum), M\u00fcnih\u2019in, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n ve kimi kaynaklara g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bilim ve teknoloji m\u00fczesi olma unvan\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. (1) Onlarca farkl\u0131 alana dair on binlerce nesneyi bir arada g\u00f6rme imk\u00e2n\u0131na kavu\u015ftu\u011fumda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m heyecan\u0131 unutamam. Tabii ayr\u0131lman\u0131n verdi\u011fi h\u00fczn\u00fc; ancak sevgiliye el sallarken duyumsar insan. Alman M\u00fczesi, y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,3 milyon ziyaret\u00e7iyi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131yor. Kurulma […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":441,"featured_media":12413,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[155,38,535,1,510],"tags":[1031,1032,1033,1034],"class_list":["post-12406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-118-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-forum","category-genel","category-surekli-bolumler","tag-alman-muzesi","tag-deutsches-museum","tag-munih","tag-muze"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t