{"id":12499,"date":"2009-07-01T11:03:14","date_gmt":"2009-07-01T08:03:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=12499"},"modified":"2018-02-27T11:25:41","modified_gmt":"2018-02-27T08:25:41","slug":"12499","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2009\/07\/01\/12499","title":{"rendered":"Beagle\u2019\u0131n yolculu\u011fu devam ediyor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Charles Darwin\u2019in Beagle adl\u0131 gemiyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 5 y\u0131l s\u00fcren yolculuk, bilim tarihinin en \u00fcnl\u00fc ve en verimli ara\u015ft\u0131rma gezilerinden biridir. Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in yola \u00e7\u0131kan Darwin, Evrim Kuram\u0131yla d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130ngiltere\u2019den ba\u015flayan yolculuk, G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu ve bat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na, \u00e7evresindeki adalara, ard\u0131ndan Pasifik Okyanusu\u2019na, \u00fcnl\u00fc Galapagos Adalar\u0131\u2019na, Yeni Zelanda\u2019ya, Avustralya\u2019ya, oradan Afrika k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na uzan\u0131r. Beagle, yolculu\u011funa ba\u015flad\u0131ktan 4 y\u0131l 9 ay 5 g\u00fcn sonra \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye geri d\u00f6ner. Darwin \u00e7ekine \u00e7ekine fikir y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir: \u201cT\u00fcrler de\u011fi\u015fiyor!\u201d Galilei\u2019nin \u201cD\u00fcnya d\u00f6n\u00fcyor!\u201dundan sonra bilimsel devrimin ikinci at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 kap\u0131dad\u0131r. Bu muhte\u015fem ara\u015ft\u0131rma gezisinin \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc <strong>Prof. Dr. Mehmet Sak\u0131n\u00e7<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n kaleminden okuyacaks\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>Beagle\u2019\u0131n gezisi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de s\u00fcr\u00fcyor! Darwin\u2019in a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoldan ilerleyen evrimbilimciler, bu kez yolculu\u011fu h\u00fccrelerimizin i\u00e7inde ve n\u00f6ronlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar ve \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bulu\u015flar yap\u0131yorlar. Elinizdeki say\u0131da yay\u0131nlanan \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7eviri makaleye dikkat \u00e7ekiyoruz. \u201cBizi insan yapan nedir?\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 olan\u0131, \u201cDNA\u2019m\u0131z \u015fempanzeninkiyle y\u00fczde 99 ayn\u0131; peki o y\u00fczde 1 ne?\u201d sorusuna yan\u0131t arayan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 konu ediyor. Genomumuzun sadece insana \u00f6zg\u00fc par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n analizi, beyin yap\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, konu\u015fma yetimizin genetik k\u00f6kenini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. \u201cDarwin yolu a\u00e7t\u0131, biz art\u0131k genlerle dans ediyoruz!\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 s\u00f6yle\u015fide ise t\u00fcrle\u015fmenin k\u00f6kenine yap\u0131lan yolculuktan, b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131larda ortak olan \u201ck\u00f6k genler\u201din ke\u015ffinden s\u00f6z ediliyor. Prof. Carroll co\u015fkuyla konu\u015fuyor: \u201cE\u011fer Darwin\u2019le be\u015f dakikam olsayd\u0131 bug\u00fcn yapt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 anlat\u0131rd\u0131m ve bu akl\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndan al\u0131rd\u0131.\u201d \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00e7eviride ise bu kez n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n aras\u0131na, beynin derinliklerine yolculuk yap\u0131l\u0131yor ve \u015fu b\u00fcy\u00fck soruya yan\u0131t arayan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar konu ediliyor: \u201cBilin\u00e7 nedir? Bilincimizin ne kadar bilincindeyiz? Yapay bilin\u00e7 olu\u015fturman\u0131n neresindeyiz?\u201d Bu \u00fc\u00e7 makale Evrim Kuram\u0131n\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n ve deneylerin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 boyutu anlamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. \u0130lgi ile okuyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Al\u00e2eddin \u015eenel<\/strong> ise hacimli makalesinde, Beagle yolculu\u011funa \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131 reddeden ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 dogmalardan medet uman Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131larla tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Evrenin ve canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n evrimindeki k\u00f6\u015fe ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 (evrenin olu\u015fumu, Yer\u2019in olu\u015fumu, ya\u015fam\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, cinsiyetin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, bitki-hayvan farkl\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 vb.) ele alan \u015eenel, bu konuda Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n dogmalar\u0131n\u0131n bilimin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczey g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda nas\u0131l birer sa\u00e7maya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc irdeliyor ve bilimin bu b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00f6neme\u00e7ler konusundaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemelerini yans\u0131t\u0131yor. \u015eenel\u2019in makalesinin temel sorunsallar\u0131ndan biri de organik evrimin insan\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel evrimini nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fi. Bu \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 makaleyi t\u00fcm okurlar\u0131m\u0131za \u00f6neriyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Bu say\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer bir dosyas\u0131nda, <strong>Garland E. Allen<\/strong>\u2019in \u201cDarwin\u2019den g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze Evrim Kuram\u0131\u2019nda materyalizm\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde ise materyalist felsefenin geli\u015fimi Evrim Kuram\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda inceleniyor. \u201cDarwin kuram\u0131, zamanda yava\u015f yava\u015f de\u011fi\u015fimin ve mekanistik felsefenin bask\u0131n oldu\u011fu \u00e7a\u011fda do\u011fdu ve geli\u015fti.\u201d saptamas\u0131yla ba\u015flayan makale, \u201cYeni bilimsel geli\u015fmelerle birlikte mekanistik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n, yerini b\u00fct\u00fcnselci ve diyalektik materyalist yakla\u015f\u0131ma b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00fct\u00fcn bu makale, \u00e7eviri ve s\u00f6yle\u015filerle, Darwin Y\u0131l\u0131\u2019nda okurlar\u0131m\u0131za b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc bir Evrim say\u0131s\u0131 daha sundu\u011fumuzu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz. \u0130yi okumalar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hasan Ayd\u0131n<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n \u201cEski Yunan\u2019dan \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n Klasik \u00c7a\u011f\u0131na Neden Kavram\u0131 ve Nedensellik Sorunu\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 son kitab\u0131 <em>Bilim ve Gelecek Kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u2019ndan yay\u0131nland\u0131. Din felsefesi ve dinler tarihine merakl\u0131 okurlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, bu konularda \u00fclkemizin \u00f6nde gelen uzman\u0131 Hasan Ayd\u0131n\u2019\u0131n eserini ka\u00e7\u0131rmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umuyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Dostlukla kal\u0131n\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Charles Darwin\u2019in Beagle adl\u0131 gemiyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 5 y\u0131l s\u00fcren yolculuk, bilim tarihinin en \u00fcnl\u00fc ve en verimli ara\u015ft\u0131rma gezilerinden biridir. Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in yola \u00e7\u0131kan Darwin, Evrim Kuram\u0131yla d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130ngiltere\u2019den ba\u015flayan yolculuk, G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu ve bat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na, \u00e7evresindeki adalara, ard\u0131ndan Pasifik Okyanusu\u2019na, \u00fcnl\u00fc Galapagos Adalar\u0131\u2019na, Yeni Zelanda\u2019ya, Avustralya\u2019ya, oradan Afrika k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na uzan\u0131r. Beagle, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":20304,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[102,509],"tags":[840,666,461,200],"class_list":["post-12499","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-65-sayi","category-aydokumu","tag-aydokumu","tag-bilim-ve-gelecek","tag-darwin","tag-evrim"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12499","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/429"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12499"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12499\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20304"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}