{"id":12521,"date":"2013-12-01T13:00:38","date_gmt":"2013-12-01T11:00:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=12521"},"modified":"2018-06-26T15:38:33","modified_gmt":"2018-06-26T12:38:33","slug":"icecube-yuksek-enerjili-notrinolari-tespit-etti-dunya-disindan-ziyaretcilerimiz-var","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2013\/12\/01\/icecube-yuksek-enerjili-notrinolari-tespit-etti-dunya-disindan-ziyaretcilerimiz-var","title":{"rendered":"Y\u00fcksek enerjli n\u00f6trinolar ilk kez yakaland\u0131 D\u00fcnya d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan ziyaret\u00e7ilerimiz var"},"content":{"rendered":"

Antarktika\u2019da g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bulunan, bilimsel beceri ile teknolojik yenili\u011fin birle\u015fti\u011fi IceCube N\u00f6trino G\u00f6zlemevi insano\u011flunun ke\u015ffetme tutkusunun bir kan\u0131t\u0131. Bug\u00fcn, buzullar i\u00e7erisindeki n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n tespit edilmesi fikrinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 y\u0131l sonra, IceCube \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi, kozmik h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lardan gelen ve astrofizik n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcvenilir kan\u0131t\u0131 olan 28 adet y\u00fcksek enerjili par\u00e7ac\u0131k vakas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fini duyurdu.<\/p>\n

\u201cBu, 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Macellan Bulutu\u2019nda g\u00f6zlenen s\u00fcpernovayla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan miktar\u0131n bir milyon kat\u0131 enerjiye sahip ve G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemimiz d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan gelen \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek enerjili n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n g\u00f6zlendi\u011fi ilk durum.\u201d IceCube\u2019\u00fcn ba\u015fl\u0131ca ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131ndan ve Madison-Wisconsin \u00dcniversitesi fizik profes\u00f6r\u00fc Francis Halzen s\u00f6zlerine \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti: \u201cSonunda arad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u015feyi g\u00f6rmek olduk\u00e7a memnuniyet verici. Bu astronomide yeni bir \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

N\u00f6trinolar, madde ile nadiren etkile\u015fime ge\u00e7tiklerinden, neredeyse k\u00fctlesiz atomalt\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. Her saniye D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n her bir santimetrekaresinden ge\u00e7en milyarlarca n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n atmosferinden ya da G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019ten gelir. Galaksimiz d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan gelen n\u00f6trinolar ise olduk\u00e7a nadirdir. Uzunca bir s\u00fcredir uzaklardan gelen bu n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n, y\u00fcksek enerjili kozmik dalgalar\u0131 olu\u015fturabilecek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kozmik nesnelerin (s\u00fcpernovalar, kara delikler, pulsarlar gibi) bilgisine ula\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yleniyordu. 22 Kas\u0131m tarihli Science<\/em> dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan makaleye g\u00f6re, bu bilgilerin ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 n\u00f6trinolar IceCube G\u00f6zlemevi\u2019nde ilk kez tespit edildi.<\/p>\n

Yay\u0131mlanan analiz ilk y\u00fcksek enerjili n\u00f6trino ak\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zlemlendi\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada g\u00f6zlemlenen ve say\u0131sal olarak dikkat \u00e7ekici derecede y\u00fcksek olan sinyal ( 4 sigmadan fazla) y\u00fcksek enerjili n\u00f6trino yakalanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin beklentileri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fclerinden Uppsala \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde g\u00f6revli Olga Botner, sinyali almak i\u00e7in \u00f6nceki IceCube analizlerinden daha geli\u015fmi\u015f analiz y\u00f6ntemleri ve daha fazla bilgi kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Bug\u00fcnlerde g\u00f6zlemlerini geli\u015ftirmek \u00fczere s\u0131k\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirten Botner, sinyalin anlam\u0131 ve kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.<\/p>\n

2010\u2019un May\u0131s ay\u0131ndan 2012\u2019nin May\u0131s\u2019\u0131na kadar devam eden g\u00f6zlemler s\u0131ras\u0131nda IceCube, 28 y\u00fcksek enerjili n\u00f6trino tespit etti. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnden gelen ve enerjisi 50 teraelektronvolt\u2019u (TeV) a\u015fan n\u00f6trino olaylar\u0131n\u0131 analiz etti. Bu olaylar atmosferik n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n ak\u0131s\u0131 ya da di\u011fer y\u00fcksek enerjili olaylarla a\u00e7\u0131klanamazd\u0131. Halzen bu n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n ke\u015ffi i\u00e7in uzun zamand\u0131r beklediklerini s\u00f6yleyerek ekliyor: \u201cArt\u0131k bu olaylar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlemek i\u00e7in duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve yeterli bir dedekt\u00f6r\u00fcm\u00fcz var. Y\u00fczbinlerce atmosferik n\u00f6trino g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonra, sonunda farkl\u0131 bir \u015fey bulabildik.\u201d<\/p>\n

Buzlar\u0131n alt\u0131nda g\u00f6zlem merkezi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 IceCube \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen IceCube projesinin Wisconsin\u2019de (ABD) bulunan merkezi iki bilimsel hedefi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere tasarlan\u0131r: Y\u00fcksek enerjili n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n ak\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ya da oran\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek ve n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak.<\/p>\n

IceCube G\u00f6zlemevi ise Antarktika\u2019da bulunuyor. IceCube\u2019\u00fcn Antarktika\u2019n\u0131n derinlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen asl\u0131nda t\u00fcm evrene bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Ulusal Bilim Vakf\u0131\u2019ndan Vladimir Papitashvili\u2019ye, fizik\u00e7i Jim Whitemore \u015funlar\u0131 ekleyerek kat\u0131l\u0131yor: \u201cIceCube N\u00f6trino G\u00f6zlemevi, astrofizik g\u00f6zlemlerinde yeni bir \u00e7a\u011f a\u00e7t\u0131. \u015eimdi n\u00f6trino astronomisi alan\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n saflar\u0131nda, teorisyenler ve deneyselcilere uzun zamand\u0131r bekledikleri g\u00f6zlemleri ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"
IceCube G\u00f6zlemevi\u2019nin buz alt\u0131ndaki k\u0131sm\u0131nda86 \u00e7elik kabloya as\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 5160 mod\u00fcl bulunuyor \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Botner, \u201cIceCube\u2019\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerlerinden gelen insanlar\u0131n \u00e7abalar\u0131 \u00fczerine kurulu.\u201d diyor. Tasar\u0131mdan yerle\u015ftirilmesine, uygulanabilirlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan fizik analizlerine kadar t\u00fcm i\u015flerin ba\u015far\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini bu insanlar\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayan Botner, t\u00fcm \u00e7abalar\u0131n sonu\u00e7 verdi\u011fini ve art\u0131k IceCube\u2019\u00fcn astronomiye nas\u0131l daha b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131 sunabilir hale getirilece\u011fi \u00fczerinde durduklar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Terry Devitt, \u201cWorld\u2019s largest particle detector IceCube detects first high-energy neutrinos from the cosmos\u201d, http:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2013-11-world-largest-particle-detector-icecube.html<\/p>\n

Ulusal Bilim Vakf\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen g\u00f6zlemevinde yakalanan n\u00f6trinolar buzla etkili\u015fime ge\u00e7tiklerinde mavi renkli k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u0131\u015f\u0131k parlamalar\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Antarktika\u2019da g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bulunan, bilimsel beceri ile teknolojik yenili\u011fin birle\u015fti\u011fi IceCube N\u00f6trino G\u00f6zlemevi insano\u011flunun ke\u015ffetme tutkusunun bir kan\u0131t\u0131. Bug\u00fcn, buzullar i\u00e7erisindeki n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n tespit edilmesi fikrinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 y\u0131l sonra, IceCube \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi, kozmik h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lardan gelen ve astrofizik n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcvenilir kan\u0131t\u0131 olan 28 adet y\u00fcksek enerjili par\u00e7ac\u0131k vakas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fini duyurdu. \u201cBu, 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Macellan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":848,"featured_media":12522,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[155,30,19,38],"tags":[1063,1062,1060,1061],"class_list":["post-12521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-118-sayi","category-astronomi","category-bilim-gundemi","category-dergi-sayilari","tag-dunyadisi","tag-gozlemevi","tag-icecube","tag-notrino"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t