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\u201cAvrupa N\u00fckleer Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Konseyi\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n bilim camias\u0131na damgas\u0131n\u0131 vuran \u015fey, atomun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ke\u015ffedilmesi ve \u00e7ekirdek biliminin (n\u00fckleer fizik) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 olmu\u015ftu. \u00c7ekirdek fizi\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve deneyleri, Avrupa\u2019da tek bir \u00fclkenin \u00fcst\u00fcnde u\u011fra\u015farak geli\u015ftirebilece\u011fi \u015feyler de\u011fildir. Bunu \u00f6ng\u00f6ren Fransa\u2019dan Raoul Dautry, Pierre Auger ve Lew Kowarski, \u0130talya\u2019dan Edoardo Amaldi ve Danimarka\u2019dan Niels Bohr bir araya gelerek atom fizi\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapacak ve bilimsel deneyleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek, Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n kolektif bir \u015fekilde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapabilecekleri bir enstit\u00fc \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n Yapt\u0131klar\u0131 bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 rapor haline getiren fizik\u00e7iler, 9 Aral\u0131k 1949\u2019da b\u00f6yle bir enstit\u00fc kurmak i\u00e7in, D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra t\u00fcm Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin davetli oldu\u011fu ilk konferans olan Avrupa K\u00fclt\u00fcr Konferans\u0131\u2019nda fikirlerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131lar. Konu\u015fmay\u0131 Frans\u0131z fizik\u00e7i Louis de Broglie yapt\u0131, o zaman i\u00e7in tasarlad\u0131klar\u0131 isim de \u201cAvrupa Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Laboratuvar\u0131\u201d idi. Fikir \u00e7ok be\u011fenilmi\u015fti, fakat liderlerin ak\u0131llar\u0131na gelen \u015fey, bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya salt destekten ziyade, atom bombas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan g\u00fcc\u00fc edinme m\u00fccadelesine kat\u0131lmak olmu\u015ftu. D\u00f6nemin Avrupal\u0131 liderleri atom \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na tek ba\u015flar\u0131na girerlerse ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olacaklar\u0131n\u0131 biliyorlard\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla siyasi a\u00e7\u0131dan da b\u00f6yle bir enstit\u00fcn\u00fcn kurulmas\u0131 i\u015flerine gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n 1951\u2019de UNESCO ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde 11 kurucu \u00fcyenin parasal katk\u0131lar\u0131 sayesinde \u201cAvrupa N\u00fckleer Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Konseyi\u201d CERN kuruldu. Siyasi arenadaki tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc g\u00fcvenli olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden CERN\u2019in ana kurumunun Cenevre\u2019de bulunmas\u0131na karar verildi. Cenevre halk\u0131 16.539 evet, 7332 hay\u0131r sonucu \u00e7\u0131kan bir referandum sonras\u0131nda, o d\u00f6nemin d\u00fcnyadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fckleer ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezinin \u015fehirlerinde kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 kabul ettiler.<\/p>\n Bilimsel camia, \u00fc\u00e7 ana kutup ve ekol olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu: \u015eirketler taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen, \u00f6zel kurumlar\u0131n kimi zaman kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 \u015fekillendirebildi\u011fi ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla bireyselli\u011fin \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Amerikan bilimi; devlet politikalar\u0131yla olu\u015fmu\u015f, d\u00fcnyaya bir miktar kapal\u0131, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi teknolojileri \u00e7o\u011funlukla kendine saklayan Sovyet bilimi ve d\u00fcnyadaki herkesi ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmaya davet eden, yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 her makaleyi ko\u015fulsuz \u015farts\u0131z t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131mlayan, buldu\u011fu hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi kendine saklamay\u0131p patent almayan Avrupa ekol\u00fc…<\/p>\n Atomalt\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar ve Standart Model<\/strong><\/p>\n CERN\u2019\u00fcn kuruldu\u011fu y\u0131llarda atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011fini olu\u015fturan par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p, i\u00e7lerinde onlar\u0131 olu\u015fturan altpar\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 bulma giri\u015fimleri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu kadar ufak par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n incelemenin tek yolu ise bu par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131p par\u00e7alamakt\u0131r. Bundan dolay\u0131, 1950\u2019lerde ve devam eden y\u0131llarda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcniversiteler, kendi b\u00fcnyelerine h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar in\u015fa etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Temel olarak bu h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar, ortas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir m\u0131knat\u0131s bulunan y\u00fcz\u00fck benzeri \u00e7ember bir borudan olu\u015fmakta. Borunun i\u00e7ine sokulan atomalt\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar, elektromanyetik m\u0131knat\u0131slar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. H\u0131zlar\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir y\u00fczdesine eri\u015fince par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131ran b\u00f6lmeler kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 beklenir. \u00c7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda ise par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 olu\u015fturan altpar\u00e7ac\u0131klar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Pek \u00e7ok kuark, bu y\u00f6ntemle ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan beri atomun yap\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda modeller geli\u015ftiren fizik\u00e7iler, 1960\u2019larda, atomalt\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 ve bu cisimlerin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayacak ortak bir model geli\u015ftirdiler. Standart Model ad\u0131 verilen bu model, atomu ve evreni olu\u015fturan altpar\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131, \u00f6zelliklerine kadar \u00f6ng\u00f6rmekle kalm\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimi hari\u00e7 t\u00fcm temel kuvvetlerin birbiriyle ili\u015fkili oldu\u011funu do\u011fruluyordu. Bu da \u015fu demekti, atomlar\u0131, birbirinin i\u00e7ine \u00e7\u00f6kmeden bir arada tutan zay\u0131f n\u00fckleer kuvvet, atomlar\u0131n ba\u015fka atomlarla bir arada durmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc n\u00fckleer kuvvet ve elektromanyetizma fenomenini a\u00e7\u0131klamamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan elektromanyetik kuvvet, y\u00fcksek enerjilerde birbirleriyle ili\u015fkiliydi ve ortak bir matematiksel sistemle a\u00e7\u0131klanabiliyordu. Yeni bir fizik do\u011fmu\u015ftu art\u0131k. Kuantum mekani\u011fi, fizi\u011fin temel alanlar\u0131ndan biri olmaya hak kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 adeta.<\/p>\n S\u0131rada, teoride birtak\u0131m \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcleri bulunan Standard Modelin do\u011frulanmas\u0131, s\u0131nanmas\u0131 vard\u0131. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadaki par\u00e7ac\u0131k h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, Standart Modelin ger\u00e7ek olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak, Standart Modelin \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc altpar\u00e7ac\u0131k t\u00fcrleri olan fermiyon ve bozonlar\u0131 aramaya koyuldu. 10 adet kuark\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in kimi zaman hidrojen atomlar\u0131n\u0131, kimi zaman protonlar\u0131, n\u00f6tronlar\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 hatta bazen daha y\u00fcksek h\u0131zlarda \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131k. Bunu, iki adet karpuzu birbirine do\u011fru f\u0131rlat\u0131p d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 suyu ve karpuz \u00e7ekirdeklerini incelemek gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n Higgs bozonu varsay\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Kuark bulma s\u00fcreci devam ederken \u0130sko\u00e7ya\u2019dan bir fizik\u00e7i, Standard Modeli g\u00fcncellemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Kafas\u0131ndaki soru \u015fuydu: Bir cismin k\u00fctle kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan temel etken nedir? Profes\u00f6r Peter Higgs, 1964 y\u0131l\u0131nda t\u00fcm evrenin bir par\u00e7ac\u0131k a\u011f\u0131 ile sar\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve bu par\u00e7ac\u0131k ile etkile\u015fen cisimlerin, etkile\u015fim miktarlar\u0131yla orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak h\u0131zlar\u0131nda ve enerjilerinde azalma oldu\u011funu, bu azalma miktar\u0131 kadar da k\u00fctle sahibi olduklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Yani Higgs\u2019in hayal etti\u011fi evren kocaman bir okyanustu. \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck\u201d cisimlerin suda y\u00fczmesi daha zor olacak, \u201cufak\u201d cisimlerin daha kolay olacakt\u0131. Bu par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulmak ise, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 yaratmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir miktarda enerji yaratmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyordu. Bu \u00f6yle bir enerji ki, daha \u00f6nce sadece evrenin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda edinilmi\u015fti. Baz\u0131 teorik fizik\u00e7iler bu y\u00fczden, b\u00f6yle bir enerjinin D\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyinde bir kara delik olu\u015fturabilece\u011fini bile iddia etmi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n Daha teorik fizik\u00e7iler b\u00f6yle bir enerjiyi D\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde yaratmak konusunda hemfikir de\u011filken, bu denli b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 CERN b\u00fcnyesinde in\u015fa etmek bile \u015faibeli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7ti; zira Avrupa \u00fclkelerinden d\u00fcnyadaki en pahal\u0131 bilimsel projelerinden birisini yapmak i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k gelirlerinin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yat\u0131rmalar\u0131 isteniyordu. Fakat \u00fclke temsilcilerinin kafalar\u0131nda bir soru i\u015fareti vard\u0131, ya Standart Model yanl\u0131\u015fsa ve Higgs bozonu diye bir \u015fey hi\u00e7 yoksa? O zaman ne olacakt\u0131? \u0130nsanl\u0131k tarihinde uzay yar\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan sonraki en y\u00fcksek bilimsel proje bir hi\u00e7 u\u011fruna m\u0131 yap\u0131lacakt\u0131? Bu riski almaya de\u011fer miydi?<\/p>\n B\u00fcy\u00fck Hadron \u00c7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Y\u0131llar ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e, Standart Modelin ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren, onun \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcleri olan kuarklar bir bir bulunduk\u00e7a bilimsel camiada b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in kamuoyu olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00dcstelik art\u0131k 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llara ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan \u00fclkeler birbirleri ard\u0131 s\u0131ra savunma b\u00fct\u00e7elerini k\u0131smaya giri\u015fmi\u015flerdi. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Avrupal\u0131 siyaset\u00e7iler, bilim ve sanat gibi alanlara daha fazla b\u00fct\u00e7e yat\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00dclkeler aras\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim programlar\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 sanat fuarlar\u0131 hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar artt\u0131.<\/p>\n The Scorpions<\/em> \u015fark\u0131s\u0131nda tan\u0131mlanan, fakat \u00e7ok de\u011fil yaln\u0131zca bir 10 y\u0131l sonra ger\u00e7ek y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterecek olan \u201cde\u011fi\u015fim r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131\u201d, herkesi etkisi alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. CERN de, b\u00f6yle bir ortamda B\u00fcy\u00fck Hadron \u00c7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in 7,8 milyar Euro\u2019luk b\u00fct\u00e7eyi almaya hak kazand\u0131. T\u00fcm giderler \u00fcyeler aras\u0131nda ortak payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7 \u00fclkenin alt\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en, evrendeki en az yo\u011fun ortamlardan birine sahip olacak dev t\u00fcpler s\u0131rayla yeralt\u0131na indirilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. \u0130n\u015faat s\u0131ras\u0131nda Cenevre kentinin trafi\u011fi adeta durma noktas\u0131na geliyor, dev ara\u00e7lar kentin yollar\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00fcpleri CERN\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. En tehlikeli k\u0131s\u0131m ise s\u00fcperiletken elektrom\u0131knat\u0131slard\u0131. \u0130n\u015faat s\u0131ras\u0131nda yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131kla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir m\u0131knat\u0131s 8 i\u015f\u00e7iyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, olay duyulunca da tefti\u015f nedeniyle in\u015faat birka\u00e7 ay durmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu gibi aksakl\u0131klarla devam eden in\u015faat 2008\u2019de ancak bitmi\u015fti. Tam a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve projelere ba\u015flanacakken, iki adet t\u00fcpte ak\u0131nt\u0131 fark edildi. Sonra ba\u015fka bir t\u00fcpte, sonra bir ba\u015fkas\u0131nda. 2009\u2019a kadar B\u00fcy\u00fck Hadron \u00c7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n stabil kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan biliminsanlar\u0131, ancak Kas\u0131m 2009\u2019da deneylere ba\u015flayabildi.<\/p>\n Higgs bozonunun ke\u015ffi<\/strong><\/p>\n Higgs bozonunu bulmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nce gaz t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7inden hidrojen gazlar\u0131, ufak bir t\u00fcpe g\u00f6nderiliyor. Bu t\u00fcp\u00fcn i\u00e7inde d\u00f6ne d\u00f6ne h\u0131zlanan atomlar, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda proton ve elektron birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak bulunabiliyor. Elektronlar, m\u0131knat\u0131slar yard\u0131m\u0131yla bir noktaya toplan\u0131rken, protonlar ise 27 kilometrelik B\u00fcy\u00fck Hadron \u00c7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6nderiliyor. Burada \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 99 kadar\u0131na ula\u015fana kadar h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lan protonlar, ortak olarak ilerleyebilecekleri bir ortak t\u00fcpe aktar\u0131larak \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bekleniyor. \u00c7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda ise ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc \u00fczerinden birer birer altpar\u00e7ac\u0131klar toplan\u0131yor. Kuarklar haricinde s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir par\u00e7ac\u0131k ya da Higgs bozonu var m\u0131 diye bak\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n B\u00fcy\u00fck umutlarla in\u015fa edilmi\u015f B\u00fcy\u00fck Hadron \u00c7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden iki y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015fti ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 Higgs bozonundan eser yoktu. Acaba hesaplarda bir yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131k m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131? Yoksa Standart Model mi yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131? T\u00fcm bu sorular, biraz da korkuyla, biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131n akl\u0131nda dolan\u0131rken, yap\u0131lan rutin bir deney s\u0131ras\u0131nda tuhaf bir veri bilgisayar ekranlar\u0131nda g\u00f6z\u00fckt\u00fc. \u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma sonras\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u201c\u00e7orba\u201dn\u0131n i\u00e7inden, daha \u00f6nceden bilinen altpar\u00e7ac\u0131klar \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir tane par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011fa ait izler sistemde kal\u0131yordu. Yeni bir par\u00e7ac\u0131k ke\u015ffedildi\u011fi \u00e7ok barizdi ve hemen \u00f6zelliklerine bak\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6zellikler Higgs bozonu ile de uyu\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Fakat deneysel fizik\u00e7iler, olay\u0131 bir s\u00fcre a\u00e7\u0131klamamaya karar verdiler. Y\u00fczde 100 olarak emin olmadan, Higgs bozonu verisini en az birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz defa elde etmeden kamuoyuyla payla\u015fmayacaklard\u0131. Fakat her yap\u0131lan deneyde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Higgs bozonlar\u0131, gerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya gelmi\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmeli fizik\u00e7iler, gerekse stajyerler taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor, dedikodular b\u00fcy\u00fcyordu. 4 Temmuz 2012\u2019de Higgs bozonunun ke\u015ffedildi\u011fi CERN\u2019de a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, a\u011fz\u0131nda bakla \u0131slanmayan bilim camias\u0131 zaten bu durumdan haberdard\u0131. Standart Model tamamlanm\u0131\u015f, B\u00fcy\u00fck Hadron \u00c7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 birincil amac\u0131n\u0131 tamamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Peki ya graviton nas\u0131l g\u00f6zlemlenebilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n Fakat bu ortaya daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorun \u00e7\u0131karacakt\u0131. Elimizde k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimi hari\u00e7 \u00e7o\u011fu anda tutarl\u0131 olarak i\u015fleyen bir model var, modelle ilgili gereken her \u015feyi de kan\u0131tlad\u0131k. Fakat yap\u0131lan hi\u00e7bir deneyde, modeli bir yerlerden k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimine ba\u011flayacak bir ipucu \u2013mesela yeni bir par\u00e7ac\u0131k- ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131. Bu durum pek \u00e7ok teorik fizik\u00e7i i\u00e7in korkutucuydu. Sanki evrende k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimi diye bir \u015fey hi\u00e7 var olmam\u0131\u015f gibiydi?<\/p>\n K\u00fctle\u00e7ekimini Standard Modele eklemeyi ama\u00e7layan baz\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131k fizik\u00e7ileri \u201cgraviton\u201d ad\u0131 verilen yeni bir par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n oldu\u011funu, bu par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimi konusundaki bilgileri uzayda bir k\u00fctleden \u00f6tekine aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ettiler. Arkas\u0131ndaki matemati\u011fi de, baz\u0131 konularda aksasa da, tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde sunmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131lar. Fakat graviton<\/em>u g\u00f6zlemleyecek miktarda bir enerjiye sahip bir h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in neredeyse Ay\u2019\u0131n \u00e7evresi kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yapmak gerekecek. D\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyinde bu denli bir manyetik etki yaratmak da neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131z. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015fu anki durum i\u00e7erisinde hem teori, hem de deneyler bir kriz i\u00e7erisinde. Ortada ke\u015ffedecek bir \u015fey kalmad\u0131 gibi, ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimini \u00e7\u00f6zemedik. Bilimin hen\u00fcz a\u00e7\u0131klayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu gizemi \u00e7\u00f6zecek par\u00e7ac\u0131k fizik\u00e7ileri gerekiyor! Bu gibi yeni bir modeli de geli\u015ftirecek kurum, tek bir \u00fclkeye ait olmayacak \u015f\u00fcphesiz. Pek \u00e7ok \u00fclke, bu a\u015famadan sonra fizik camias\u0131na yeni bir \u00fcr\u00fcn sunmak istiyorsa, birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak ve masraflar\u0131 hep birlikte \u00fcstlenmek zorunda. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda bilim, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda oldu\u011fu gibi milletlerin birbirleriyle rekabet ettikleri bir alandan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, daha uluslararas\u0131 ve k\u00fcresel hale gelmekte. Bilim, insanlar\u0131 birle\u015ftiren itici bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olmakta, CERN gibi uluslararas\u0131 kurumlar da bunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6rne\u011fi. Hep birlikte yapacak \u00e7ok i\u015fimiz var.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yaralar\u0131 yeni yeni sar\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Kendini toparlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Avrupa, art\u0131k bilimin merkezi olma unvan\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f, y\u00fckselen bir ABD ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Umut vaat eden sanat\u00e7\u0131lar ve biliminsanlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda ABD ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 edip, sonra da bir daha \u00fclkelerine geri d\u00f6nmemi\u015flerdi. \u00d6yle ki, d\u00f6nemin \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi, Almanya\u2019daki pek \u00e7ok \u00fcniversiteden daha […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":512,"featured_media":12911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[721,26,605],"tags":[265,1121,1120,936,356],"class_list":["post-12908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-160-sayi","category-fizik","category-unlu-deneyler","tag-cern","tag-graviton","tag-hadron","tag-higgs","tag-parcacik-fizigi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/peter-higgs-300x225.jpg\")
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