Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki t\u00fcrler aras\u0131nda, \u015fempanze ve insan kendi t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011fer \u00fcyelerine kar\u015f\u0131 koordineli sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunan iki t\u00fcr. Jane Goodall topluluk i\u00e7i \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yapan ilk ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar aras\u0131nda. O zamandan beri primatolog ve antropologlar aras\u0131nda topluluklardaki sava\u015f hali hakk\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma teorileri, rakipleri \u00f6ld\u00fcrmenin, artan yarar ve getirilerine ve \u00e7iftle\u015fme, g\u0131da gibi anahtar ihtiya\u00e7lara ula\u015fma imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltmesine i\u015faret ediyor. Di\u011fer bir grup ise bu sava\u015f halinin ya\u015fam alan\u0131 imhas\u0131, g\u0131da k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131 gibi insanlar\u0131n \u015fempanzeler \u00fczerindeki etkisinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunuyor.<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 Maymun Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 Birli\u011fi\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma, insan m\u00fcdahalesinin \u015fempanzelerin kendi t\u00fcr\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 olan agresifli\u011fini etkilemedi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki kan\u0131ya \u0131\u015f\u0131k tuttu. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fempanze \u015fiddetinin insan etkisinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki tezi savunanlar\u0131n artan say\u0131lar\u0131na cevap olarak ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki ki\u015fi olan Minnesota \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Michael L. Wilson e\u011fer \u015fempanzeleri insan \u015fiddetini anlamak i\u00e7in bir model olarak kullan\u0131yorsak, \u00f6ncelikle \u015fempanzelerin \u015fiddete e\u011filimlerinin sebeplerini bilmemiz gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubunun bir di\u011fer \u00fcyesi olan David Morgan, \u015eikago Lincoln Park Hayvanat Bah\u00e7esi\u2019ndeki maymun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve koruma ama\u00e7l\u0131 Lester E. Fisher Merkezi\u2019nde ara\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6revlisi, insano\u011flunun Afrika tropikal ormanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015fempanzeleri uzun zamand\u0131r etkiliyor oldu\u011funu ve cevaplanmay\u0131 bekleyen esas meselenin, insan m\u00fcdahalesinin g\u00f6zlenen \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl \u015fiddetin alt\u0131nda yatan fakt\u00f6rlerden biri olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Morgan, Kongo ormanlar\u0131nda 14 y\u0131l \u015fempanzeler \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n anahtar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, insan m\u00fcdahalesinin \u015fempanze topluluklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda artan \u015fiddetin sebeplerinden biri olmamas\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtiyor.<\/p>\n
Maymunlar \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapan 30 ki\u015filik ekip, 50 y\u0131ll\u0131k ara\u015ft\u0131rma s\u00fcresine yay\u0131lan ve farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde insan manip\u00fclasyonuna maruz kalm\u0131\u015f 18 farkl\u0131 \u015fempanze toplulu\u011fundan toplanan geni\u015f veri setlerini bir araya getirdi. Veriler, \u015fempanzeler taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f 152 cinayet vakas\u0131n\u0131n analizini de i\u00e7eriyordu. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n anahtar bulgusu, sald\u0131rgan ve sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frayan \u015fempanzelerin \u00e7o\u011funun erkek \u015fempanzeler oldu\u011funu ve sonucun bu t\u00fcrden \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131n\u0131n insan m\u00fcdahalesinden \u00e7ok, uyarlanabilir fiziksel faydalardan kaynakl\u0131 oldu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik tezin tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n
Morgan vah\u015fi \u015fempanze topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n bozulmam\u0131\u015f yerlerde ya\u015fayanlarla, insan m\u00fcdahalesine maruz kalm\u0131\u015f \u00e7evrede ya\u015fayanlar olarak iki yayg\u0131n kategoriye ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Bununla beraber, insanlar taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen m\u00fcdahalenin uzun bir s\u00fcre\u00e7te ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmadaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131n\u0131n bu s\u00fcre\u00e7leri kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Ancak, insan etkisinin topluluklar aras\u0131ndaki cinayet oranlar\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmede veri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ekliyor.<\/p>\n
Son olarak Morgan, \u015fempanzelerin agresifli\u011fi ve \u015fempanzeler aras\u0131ndaki \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 tetikleyen fakt\u00f6rler hakk\u0131nda ne kadar bilgi sahibi olursak, park y\u00f6neticilerinin ve devlet g\u00f6revlilerinin, \u015fempanze ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131nda insanlar taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015fen arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131yla olu\u015facak riskleri daha \u00e7ok ele al\u0131p azaltaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ekliyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki t\u00fcrler aras\u0131nda, \u015fempanze ve insan kendi t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011fer \u00fcyelerine kar\u015f\u0131 koordineli sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunan iki t\u00fcr. Jane Goodall topluluk i\u00e7i \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yapan ilk ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar aras\u0131nda. O zamandan beri primatolog ve antropologlar aras\u0131nda topluluklardaki sava\u015f hali hakk\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma teorileri, rakipleri \u00f6ld\u00fcrmenin, artan yarar ve getirilerine ve \u00e7iftle\u015fme, g\u0131da gibi anahtar ihtiya\u00e7lara ula\u015fma […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":749,"featured_media":13285,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[165,19,21],"tags":[776,578,1193],"class_list":["post-13284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-128-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji","tag-hayvanlar","tag-savas","tag-sempan"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/749"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13284"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13284\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13285"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}