{"id":13625,"date":"2017-04-01T17:52:51","date_gmt":"2017-04-01T14:52:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=13625"},"modified":"2018-02-08T16:22:42","modified_gmt":"2018-02-08T13:22:42","slug":"darwin-ve-kleopatra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2017\/04\/01\/darwin-ve-kleopatra","title":{"rendered":"Darwin ve Kleopatra"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kerim Sadi\u2019nin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131, hacmi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fclle misali polemiklerden birinin ad\u0131 T\u00fcrk Kleopatras\u0131<\/em>\u2019d\u0131r (1). Kerim Sadi kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131na Plehanov\u2019un Rus \u201cintelligentsias\u0131n\u0131 Kant\u2019tan Henry Poincare ve Bergson\u2019a kadar bir s\u00fcr\u00fc sevdal\u0131lar\u0131 olan sinirli ve hercai bir kad\u0131na benzetir\u201d diyerek ba\u015flar ve yine Plehanov\u2019un ayn\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131 noktalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cve Kleopatra\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00e2\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 vard\u0131!\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcyle, meselenin can al\u0131c\u0131 noktas\u0131na, kendisinden al\u0131\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011fumuz \u00fczere en ba\u015ftan parmak basar. Bir sonraki paragraf ise, Kerim Sadi\u2019nin evrenselden yerele ge\u00e7en, co\u011frafyan\u0131n curcunalar\u0131 i\u00e7inde sanki memlekete \u00f6zg\u00fcym\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fcken hadiseleri kolayl\u0131kla \u00f6z\u00fcnden genel ge\u00e7ere ba\u011flama \u00e7abas\u0131ndaki k\u0131vrak zek\u00e2s\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fidir:<\/p>\n

\u201cBizde de, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Do\u011fuya has d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f tarz\u0131n\u0131n kollar\u0131ndan s\u0131yr\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Birinci ve \u0130kinci Me\u015frutiyet \u2018m\u00fcnevverli\u011fi\u2019 haremden kurtulan bir kad\u0131n gibi Bat\u0131da ve hususile \u2018nur\u00e2n\u00fbr belde\u2019de (*) moda olan fikirlerin b\u00fcy\u00fcs\u00fcne kendini kolayl\u0131kla kapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f; ve r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda Spencer\u2019den Tain\u2019e, August Comte\u2019dan Le Bon ve Bergson\u2019a kadar bir s\u00fcr\u00fc \u00e2\u015f\u0131k say\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

19. y\u00fczy\u0131l Rus entelekt\u00fcellerinin iyi bilinen, siyasetle et kemik olmu\u015f bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel curcunas\u0131n\u0131n (2) Osmanl\u0131 entelekt\u00fcel d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n da bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi oldu\u011fu vurgusu Kerim Sadi\u2019nin fikir s\u0131\u011fla\u015fmas\u0131 temeline kurdu\u011fu ana fikrini belirginle\u015ftirir ve birazdan Charles Darwin\u2019in Osmanl\u0131\u2019da alg\u0131lan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tipik bir \u00f6rne\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan g\u00f6rece\u011fimiz gibi de, hi\u00e7 de yersiz bir saptama de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Kerim Sadi (1900-1977).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kerim Sadi, II. Me\u015frutiyet sonras\u0131nda iyice keskinle\u015fen siyasi saflar\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinde, Darwin ve T\u00fcrlerin K\u00f6keni<\/em>\u2019nin -muhtemelen ilk kaynaktan okunmamas\u0131 ve kavranamamas\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile- nas\u0131l da ba\u011flam\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7ok \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rne\u011fi, Tevfik Fikret\u2019in \u201cT\u00e2r\u00eeh-i Kad\u00eem\u201dine yan\u0131t diye Mehmed Ali Ayn\u00ee\u2019nin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cReyb\u00eelik, Bedb\u00eenlik, L\u00e2-il\u00e2h\u00eelik nedir?\u201d (3) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131ndaki Darwin de\u011finisi ba\u011flam\u0131nda veriyor.<\/p>\n

Mehmed Ali Ayn\u00ee bu kitab\u0131nda, ateizm ele\u015ftirisi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Darwin\u2019den al\u0131nt\u0131 yap\u0131yor: \u201c…savundu\u011fu ve a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 evrimcilik (l\u2019evolutionisme) teorisiyle bizi en ziyade \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtan Darwin\u2019in bile Allah\u2019a iman etmekte, hayat ve k\u00e2inattaki kuvvetlerin Allah taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 teslim etmekte oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcrsem art\u0131k bir daha teredd\u00fct eder miyim? Bu hususta Darwin\u2019in en \u00f6nemli bilimsel eseri olan T\u00fcrlerin K\u00f6keni<\/em>\u2019nin (Origin of Species<\/em>) on d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 5. ve 6. Maddelerine bakarsan\u0131z elverir.\u201d (4).<\/p>\n

Tanr\u0131 inanc\u0131 ya da tanr\u0131tan\u0131mazl\u0131k hususlar\u0131n\u0131n, biyoloji biliminin omurgas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan evrim kuram\u0131yla ili\u015fkisini kurmaya yo\u011fun mesai harcayan kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n h\u00e2l\u00e2 yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze bir yank\u0131 gibi ula\u015fan Ayn\u00ee\u2019nin bu s\u00f6zlerini, yine kitab\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n k\u00f6keni ele\u015ftirisine ve hayli yanl\u0131\u015f anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz Lamark\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla birlikte bir sonraki yaz\u0131m\u0131zda ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. Sonraki yaz\u0131m\u0131z, Kerim Sadi\u2019nin T\u00fcrk Kleopatra<\/em>\u2019s\u0131nda Ayn\u00ee \u00fczerinden ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Darwinizm \u00e7er\u00e7evesini de bir par\u00e7a tahlil edecek ve \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrlerin K\u00f6keni<\/em>\u2019nin son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, Ayn\u00ee\u2019nin kendi ele\u015ftirisini kurmak i\u00e7in de kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 paragraflar\u0131n ba\u011flam\u0131na, olas\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f sebeplerine ve vurgu d\u00fczeyine odaklanacak.<\/p>\n

(*) Osmanl\u0131 ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n hemen tamam\u0131n\u0131n Frankofon oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, Kerim Sadi\u2019nin bahsetti\u011fi yer, Bat\u0131\u2019yla ilk temaslar\u0131n kuruldu\u011fu ve entelekt\u00fcel ba\u011flar\u0131n in\u015fa edildi\u011fi Fransa olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) Kerim Sadi, T\u00fcrk Kleopatras\u0131: Polemikler ve \u00c7evirmeler<\/em>, Berksoy Bas\u0131mevi, \u0130stanbul, 1948.<\/p>\n

2) Alexandre Koyr\u00e9, 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l Ba\u015flar\u0131nda Rusya\u2019da Bat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k, Ulus\u00e7uluk ve Felsefe<\/em> (\u00c7ev.: \u0130zzet Tanju), Belge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 1994.<\/p>\n

3) Mehmed Ali Ayn\u00ee, Reyb\u00eelik, Bedb\u00eenlik, L\u00e2-il\u00e2h\u00eelik nedir?<\/em>, Yeni Matbaa, \u0130stanbul, 1927. (\u015e\u00fcphecilik, K\u00f6t\u00fcmserlik, Tanr\u0131tan\u0131mazl\u0131k nedir? Tevfik Fikret\u2019in T\u00e2r\u00eeh-i Kad\u00eem\u2019ine Bir Cevab., Sadele\u015ftirenler ve yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlayanlar, Ali Utku-Abam\u00fcslim Akdemir, \u00c7izgi Kitabevi, Konya, 2014.).<\/p>\n

4) A.g.e. s.145.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kerim Sadi\u2019nin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131, hacmi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fclle misali polemiklerden birinin ad\u0131 T\u00fcrk Kleopatras\u0131\u2019d\u0131r (1). Kerim Sadi kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131na Plehanov\u2019un Rus \u201cintelligentsias\u0131n\u0131 Kant\u2019tan Henry Poincare ve Bergson\u2019a kadar bir s\u00fcr\u00fc sevdal\u0131lar\u0131 olan sinirli ve hercai bir kad\u0131na benzetir\u201d diyerek ba\u015flar ve yine Plehanov\u2019un ayn\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131 noktalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cve Kleopatra\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00e2\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 vard\u0131!\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcyle, meselenin can al\u0131c\u0131 noktas\u0131na, kendisinden […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67,"featured_media":13626,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[195,1475,32],"tags":[482,461,200,1504,238],"class_list":["post-13625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-158-sayi","category-bilim-ve-tarih","category-evrim","tag-bilim","tag-darwin","tag-evrim","tag-kleopatra","tag-tarih"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t