{"id":14330,"date":"2016-11-01T17:44:31","date_gmt":"2016-11-01T14:44:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=14330"},"modified":"2017-12-13T17:49:33","modified_gmt":"2017-12-13T14:49:33","slug":"herkes-ceker-kimse-bilmez-agrinin-dogasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2016\/11\/01\/herkes-ceker-kimse-bilmez-agrinin-dogasi","title":{"rendered":"Herkes \u00e7eker, kimse bilmez:\u00a0A\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n Do\u011fas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>\u00c7ok-bilinmeyenli a\u011fr\u0131 olgusunu ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dosyam\u0131zdaki yaz\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fiye \u00f6zg\u00fc do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 dikkate alarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara, bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n y\u00f6nelimlerine, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 yeni sorularla birlikte, geli\u015ftirilen yeni tedavi perspektiflerine odaklan\u0131yor.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>A\u011fr\u0131 her insan\u0131n deneyimledi\u011fi bir olgu olmakla birlikte, hen\u00fcz bilimin b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0131rlar\u0131na h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu bir mekanizma de\u011fil. V\u00fccutta yolunda gitmeyenler konusunda uyaran bir alarm sistemi olarak a\u011fr\u0131, olmazsa olmaz \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. Ama temelde bir bozuklu\u011fa i\u015faret eden akut a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n kronik a\u011fr\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi s\u0131k\u00e7a rastlanan bir durum: D\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde her be\u015f ki\u015fiden birinin ya\u015fam kalitesini ciddi bi\u00e7imde etkileyen kronik a\u011fr\u0131, art\u0131k ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir hastal\u0131k olarak kabul edilmekte. Elimizdeki en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ila\u00e7lar\u0131n bile zamanla etkisizle\u015febildi\u011fi, s\u00fcreklile\u015fmi\u015f bir \u0131st\u0131rap hali\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Beynin sadece sinirsel uyar\u0131lar\u0131 alan ve tepki geli\u015ftiren de\u011fil, d\u0131\u015f uyaranlar olmasa bile alg\u0131sal bir deneyim yaratan bir organ oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, a\u011fr\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda da \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f: A\u011fr\u0131 art\u0131k, fiziksel oldu\u011fu kadar, genetik ve psikolojik etkenlerin de ba\u015fat rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6znel bir deneyim olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ok-bilinmeyenli a\u011fr\u0131 olgusunu yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve tedavi perspektiflerine yo\u011funla\u015farak konu etti\u011fimiz kapak dosyam\u0131z\u0131n ilk yaz\u0131s\u0131 \u201cA\u011fr\u0131 nedir?\u201d, v\u00fccudun a\u011fr\u0131 mekanizmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilinen temel bilgilerden olu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n<p>A\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 tedavi etme giri\u015fimleri, insanl\u0131k kadar eski. G\u00fcney Amerikal\u0131lar i\u00e7in geleneksel bir a\u011fr\u0131 kesici olan kokainin elde edildi\u011fi koka yapra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, M\u00d6 6000\u2019lerde kayalara kabartmas\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015f. \u201cA\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n \u0131st\u0131rapl\u0131 tarihi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131, a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 anlama ve tedavi etme \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n benzer kimi tarihsel d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131z bir ya\u015fam\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lacak m\u0131? \u201cA\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6nlemede yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, teknolojiler: Morfin kenara \u00e7ekil!\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan yaz\u0131da, t\u0131bb\u0131n elindeki en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc a\u011fr\u0131 kesici grubu olan opioidlerin kronik a\u011fr\u0131 tedavisinde etki ve etkisizle\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri anlat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, yeni ila\u00e7 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve v\u00fccuda sabitlenerek a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6nleyecek test a\u015famas\u0131ndaki cihazlar gibi yeni teknolojik \u00fcr\u00fcnlere odaklan\u0131l\u0131yor. A\u011fr\u0131ya yatk\u0131n hastalarda akut a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n kronik a\u011fr\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi s\u00fcrecini saptamaya ve acil m\u00fcdahale etmeye d\u00f6n\u00fck tedavi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ediliyor.<\/p>\n<p>A\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda yatan mekanizmalar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcyle a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n ana hedeflerinden. \u201cN\u00f6ropati ve yeni yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u201d yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, sinir sistemi hasarlar\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131, a\u011fr\u0131 kesicilerin etkisiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, ge\u00e7meyen bir a\u011fr\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fidi olan n\u00f6ropatinin olas\u0131 tedavisi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan s\u00f6z ediliyor. A\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 ayn\u0131 olsa da, farkl\u0131 insanlarda farkl\u0131 mekanizmalarla olu\u015fabiliyor olmas\u0131 olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak, yeni a\u011fr\u0131 alt s\u0131n\u0131flamalar\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 olas\u0131 k\u0131lacak testler geli\u015ftiriliyor; bu da hasta-ila\u00e7 e\u015fle\u015fmesinin daha isabetli yap\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak sa\u011flayacak, deniyor.<\/p>\n<p>A\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 nesnel olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyecek ve \u00f6l\u00e7ebilecek a\u011fr\u0131-metreler olas\u0131 m\u0131? Akut a\u011fr\u0131 ile kronik a\u011fr\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131n, beyinde yans\u0131mas\u0131 var m\u0131? \u201cBeyin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131: Bana a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6ster!\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131, bu vb. \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan s\u00f6z ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cA\u011fr\u0131 geneti\u011fi: Tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f bir mozaik\u201d yaz\u0131s\u0131nda ise, a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n genetik temellerini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karma y\u00f6nelimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar anlat\u0131l\u0131yor. A\u011fr\u0131da etkili olabilecek \u00e7evresel fakt\u00f6rler-genetik etkile\u015fmesini anlamaya d\u00f6n\u00fck epigenetik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar da konu ediliyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ruh hali, beklenti, dikkat, ki\u015filik \u00f6zellikleri gibi boyutlar\u0131 olan psikolojik etkenler, a\u011fr\u0131 tedavisinde etkili olabilecek fizyolojik yan\u0131tlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febiliyor. Bu durum, a\u011fr\u0131 tedavisinde plasebo ila\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karabilir. \u201cPlasebo: D\u00fcr\u00fcst doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131da, herhangi bir etken madde i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi halde, hasta ila\u00e7 niyetine ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda etki yaratabilen ila\u00e7lar olan plasebolar\u0131n, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a a\u011fr\u0131 kesici olarak re\u00e7etelendirilebilece\u011fi savunuluyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKad\u0131n ve erkek a\u011fr\u0131da e\u015fit de\u011fil\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131da, a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fiye \u00f6zg\u00fc do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, cinslere \u00f6zg\u00fc do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu s\u00f6yleniyor. \u00dcstelik farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca niceliksel olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, kad\u0131n ve erkek aras\u0131nda a\u011fr\u0131 olu\u015fum mekanizmalar\u0131ndaki niteliksel farklara i\u015faret eden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ediliyor. Buradan hareketle, a\u011fr\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlukla erkek farelerde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor olmas\u0131 ele\u015ftiriliyor.<\/p>\n<p>Yeni a\u011fr\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve tedavi perspektiflerine odaklanan bir dosyada, ila\u00e7 sanayisi ve a\u011fr\u0131 kesici piyasas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmemek olmazd\u0131. Prof. Nurettin Abac\u0131o\u011flu, geli\u015fmi\u015flik ve k\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fczeyi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck ilk \u00fc\u00e7 sanayiden biri oldu\u011funu belirtti\u011fi ila\u00e7 sanayisini, ilac\u0131n ekonomipoliti\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de\u011ferlendiriyor. Asl\u0131nda toplumsal bir \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi gereken ilac\u0131n, kapitalist piyasa i\u00e7inde \u201cmeta\u201dla\u015fmas\u0131 sorununu ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c7ok-bilinmeyenli a\u011fr\u0131 olgusunu ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dosyam\u0131zdaki yaz\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fiye \u00f6zg\u00fc do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 dikkate alarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara, bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n y\u00f6nelimlerine, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 yeni sorularla birlikte, geli\u015ftirilen yeni tedavi perspektiflerine odaklan\u0131yor. A\u011fr\u0131 her insan\u0131n deneyimledi\u011fi bir olgu olmakla birlikte, hen\u00fcz bilimin b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0131rlar\u0131na h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu bir mekanizma de\u011fil. V\u00fccutta yolunda gitmeyenler konusunda uyaran bir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":470,"featured_media":14332,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[190,21,1464,35],"tags":[1624,292,300,445,1135,1521],"class_list":["post-14330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-153-sayi","category-biyoloji","category-dosya","category-noroloji","tag-agri","tag-genetik","tag-hastaliklar","tag-ilac","tag-sinir-sistemi","tag-tedavi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14330","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/470"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14330"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14330\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14332"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14330"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14330"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14330"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}