{"id":14551,"date":"2019-04-22T08:50:57","date_gmt":"2019-04-22T05:50:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=14551"},"modified":"2019-04-22T08:49:34","modified_gmt":"2019-04-22T05:49:34","slug":"beyin-alakali-veya-alakasiz-bilgileri-nasil-nasil-ayirt-ediyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/04\/22\/beyin-alakali-veya-alakasiz-bilgileri-nasil-nasil-ayirt-ediyor","title":{"rendered":"Beyin alakal\u0131 veya alakas\u0131z bilgileri nas\u0131l nas\u0131l ay\u0131rt ediyor?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc bir kafede okumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 hayal edin. Odaklanabilmek i\u00e7in beyniniz kulaklar\u0131n\u0131za gelen alakas\u0131z uyaranlar\u0131, yani etraf\u0131n\u0131zdaki konu\u015fmalar\u0131 ve bardak t\u0131k\u0131rt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 filtreleyip sadece sayfadaki s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri ge\u00e7irir. <em>Nature Communications<\/em> dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan yeni bir makalede New York \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu ve benzeri ko\u015fullarda beynin alakal\u0131 ve alakas\u0131z bilgileri nas\u0131l ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda say\u0131sal modele dayal\u0131 yeni bir teori ortaya at\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>NY\u00dc\u2019de Sinirbilimi Profes\u00f6r\u00fc ve makalenin ba\u015fyazar\u0131 olan Xiao-Jing Wang \u201cG\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131m\u0131zda bize sunulan \u015feylerin i\u00e7inde, beynimizin en \u00f6nemli olanlar\u0131 i\u015flemesi \u00e7ok kritiktir. Beynin halihaz\u0131rdaki inan\u0131lmaz kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k sinir devrelerinin i\u00e7inde, alakal\u0131 bilgiyi do\u011fru zamanda do\u011fru yere ge\u00e7irecek bir mekanizma olmal\u0131\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n<p>Analiz, beynin trafik polisleri olan, uyar\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ronlarla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapan ve di\u011fer n\u00f6ronlar\u0131 bask\u0131layarak do\u011fru n\u00f6rolojik cevab\u0131n verilebilmesini sa\u011flayan bask\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ronlara odaklan\u0131yor. \u201cModelimiz beyin devresindeki birka\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fit bask\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ronun da dahil oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok temel bir eleman\u0131 kullan\u0131yor. Bu model bask\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n, bir sinir devresinin bilgiyi belirli yolaklardan ge\u00e7irmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor\u201d diye ekliyor Wang.<\/p>\n<p>Wang\u2019\u0131n laboratuvar\u0131nda doktora \u00f6\u011frencisi olan Guangyu Robert Yang taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan analizler sayesinde, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bask\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n daha \u00f6nce savunuldu\u011fundan daha karma\u015f\u0131k bir role sahip oldu\u011fu bir model \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u0131m i\u00e7in uyar\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n dendritlerini -n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n, di\u011fer n\u00f6ronlardan bilgi ald\u0131klar\u0131 u\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131- hedef alan bask\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ron alt grubu ayr\u0131ca \u00f6zeldi. Bu n\u00f6ronlar somatostatin denen bir biyobelirte\u00e7le i\u015faretlenip, deneylerde g\u00f6zlemlenebilir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n gelen b\u00fct\u00fcn uyar\u0131lar\u0131 kontrol etmekle kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6z ya da kulak gibi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yolaklardan gelip birle\u015fen verileri de d\u00fczenledi\u011fini \u00f6neriyor. \u201cBask\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 ve uyar\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki bu ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7 oldu\u011funun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesinin sebebi \u00e7ok yo\u011fun ve d\u00fczensiz olmas\u0131. O y\u00fczden de ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131kan yola\u011fa \u00f6zel d\u00fczenlemenin bask\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ronlar taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulgusu \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131\u201d diyor Yang.<\/p>\n<p>Makalenin yazarlar\u0131 rasgele gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 dahi g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in bu say\u0131sal modeli kullan\u0131yor. Dendrit hedefleyen n\u00f6ronlar m\u00fcnferit yolaklar\u0131 uyar\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ronlardan gelen verileri dizerek kontrol ediyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu dizilemenin sinaptik esneklik denen, deneyimlerden kaynaklanan \u00f6\u011frenme mekanizmas\u0131 sayesinde oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdiler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc bir kafede okumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 hayal edin. Odaklanabilmek i\u00e7in beyniniz kulaklar\u0131n\u0131za gelen alakas\u0131z uyaranlar\u0131, yani etraf\u0131n\u0131zdaki konu\u015fmalar\u0131 ve bardak t\u0131k\u0131rt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 filtreleyip sadece sayfadaki s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri ge\u00e7irir. Nature Communications dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan yeni bir makalede New York \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu ve benzeri ko\u015fullarda beynin alakal\u0131 ve alakas\u0131z bilgileri nas\u0131l ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda say\u0131sal modele dayal\u0131 yeni bir teori ortaya [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":895,"featured_media":14552,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[189,19,21,35],"tags":[254,347,1135],"class_list":["post-14551","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-152-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji","category-noroloji","tag-beyin","tag-noroloji","tag-sinir-sistemi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14551","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/895"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14551"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14551\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14552"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14551"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14551"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14551"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}