{"id":15975,"date":"2016-04-01T12:51:53","date_gmt":"2016-04-01T09:51:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=15975"},"modified":"2018-01-05T12:54:50","modified_gmt":"2018-01-05T09:54:50","slug":"teror-karsisinda-felsefe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2016\/04\/01\/teror-karsisinda-felsefe","title":{"rendered":"Ter\u00f6r kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda felsefe"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201c… bombalar hi\u00e7bir zaman, kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 bizzat ve vekaleten, sonradan me\u015fru misilleme ya da ter\u00f6rizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele olarak sunulmas\u0131 kolay olacak bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermekten al\u0131koyacak kadar \u2018ak\u0131ll\u0131\u2019 olmayacaklar.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Gen\u00e7 cumhuriyetin kurulu\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze hedef olarak konulmu\u015ftu \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131k d\u00fczeyi. \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sonras\u0131 malum: Birka\u00e7 10 y\u0131l sonra insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn birikimini alt\u00fcst eden \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131, ard\u0131ndan gelen \u201cSo\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u201dta ve \u201cd\u00fc\u015fman\u201d yenilmi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen sonras\u0131ndada d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde ilerici, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131, ayd\u0131nlanmac\u0131, bir anlamda da \u201cBat\u0131l\u0131\u201dmuhaliflere kar\u015f\u0131 gericili\u011fin, yobazizmin desteklenmesi, silahland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, gerekti\u011finde topla t\u00fcfekle a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a savunulmas\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise \u201c\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flayabilir mi, yoksa ba\u015flad\u0131 da fark\u0131nda m\u0131 de\u011filiz?\u201dgibi tuhaf tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n i\u00e7indeyiz. Son olaylardan sonra \u201cd\u00fcnyan\u0131n merkezi\u201d, temsil iddias\u0131nda bulundu\u011fuve s\u0131k s\u0131k emperyalist m\u00fcdahalelerin gerek\u00e7esi haline getirdi\u011fi \u201cinsan haklar\u0131\u201d ve \u201cdemokrasi\u201d gibi kavramlar\u0131 kendi co\u011frafyas\u0131nda hedef alan,kendisini bu de\u011ferlere ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k konusunda ciddi s\u0131navlarla y\u00fczy\u00fcze b\u0131rakan bir kaosun i\u00e7ine s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmek \u00fczere g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.D\u00fcnyan\u0131n nas\u0131l bu hale geldi\u011fini, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn ne zaman ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken\u201c21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015flatan olay\u201d olarak nitelenen 11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 geldi akl\u0131ma. Bug\u00fcn ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n da belki bir k\u0131sm\u0131na ilham vermi\u015f olan en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6rnekti. Y\u00fcz y\u00fcze kald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm s\u0131navlarla ABD devletini ve toplumunu 15 y\u0131l evvel kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.ABD toplumu ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 panikle b\u00fct\u00fcn dengelerini yitirirken, y\u00f6netiminin de her krizi f\u0131rsata d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeye y\u00f6nelik uyan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, yan\u0131na zaman zaman \u201cd\u00fcveli muazzama\u201d\u2018y\u0131 alsa da genellikle tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6nerdi\u011five uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u201d\u00fcn d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131lamaz hale getirdi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

\u015eu g\u00fcnlerde televizyon veya gazetelerde s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z stratejistleri ya da kendisini stratejist sanan gazetecileri ve analizlerini bir kenara b\u0131rakarak 20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda etkili olmu\u015f, muhtemelen 21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda da etkili olmaya devam edecek iki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fc konuk eden bir kitaptan bahsetmek istiyorum: Ter\u00f6r G\u00fcnlerinde Felsefe – J\u00fcrgen Habermas ve Jacques Derrida \u0130le Diyaloglar,<\/em>2003, Haz. Giovanna Borradori, \u0130ng. \u00c7ev.Emre Barca,Yap\u0131 Kredi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2008<\/p>\n

\u201cFelsefe kitaplar\u0131 nadiren, zaman\u0131n kesin bir noktas\u0131nda ya da belirli bir mek\u00e2nda do\u011farlar\u201d diyen felsefe do\u00e7enti Borradori, 11 Eyl\u00fcl sabah\u0131n\u0131 takip eden birka\u00e7 saat i\u00e7inde tasarlam\u0131\u015f kitab\u0131n\u0131. 11 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fc bizzat New York\u2019ta ya\u015fayan biri olarak, okuldaki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan ve olay yerinde bulunan muhabir e\u015finden saatlerce ayr\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada polisiye ayr\u0131nt\u0131lara tak\u0131lmadan, stratejik budalal\u0131klara y\u00fcz vermeden olay\u0131n g\u00fcndeme getirdi\u011fi felsefi sorunlar\u0131 konu\u015fmak i\u00e7in Habermas ve Derrida\u2019n\u0131n pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f.<\/p>\n

Habermas, 11 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn faillerinin siyasal anlamda ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i hedefleri varm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmedi\u011finden olay\u0131n politik gerek\u00e7esinib\u00fcy\u00fctme e\u011filiminde de\u011fil ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 sayfal\u0131k s\u00f6yle\u015fisiyle k\u0131sa kesmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u201cK\u00f6ktendincili\u011fi\u201d modern bir olgu olarak tan\u0131mlayan Habermas \u0130slami bir teokrasi kurma \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 \u201cbili\u015fsel uyumsuzlu\u011fun bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Her \u015feyi kapsayan bir d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn epistemolojik konumu masumiyetini kaybetmi\u015fken, yani bilimsel bilginin ve dini \u00e7o\u011fulculu\u011fun bili\u015fsel ko\u015fullar\u0131nda, modernite \u00f6ncesi inan\u00e7 tutumlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn propagandas\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, s\u00f6z konusu olan b\u00f6yle bir bast\u0131rmad\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fulcu toplumlar\u0131n karma\u015f\u0131k ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131na normatif olarak sadece herkesin ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011ferli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen kat\u0131 bir evrenselcili\u011fin uyum sa\u011flayabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ona g\u00f6re, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel geleneklerinden kopart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f toplumlar h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f modernle\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri aras\u0131nda t\u00fcm yitirdiklerinden Bat\u0131\u2019y\u0131 sorumlu tutuyorlar. Bu nedenle Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda sek\u00fclerle\u015ftirme g\u00fcc\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7en tepkinin manevi kaynaklardan beslenmesinin psikolojik d\u00fczeyde anla\u015f\u0131labilir oldu\u011fu kanaatinde. Endi\u015fesi ise daha \u00e7ok kendisinin politik i\u00e7eri\u011fini yok sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ter\u00f6rizme siyasal me\u015fruiyet tan\u0131yan sava\u015f ilan\u0131na dair.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z kendisine verildi\u011finde Derrida ise olay\u0131 bir kavramla kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor: Otoimm\u00fcnite. 11 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fc, \u201cSo\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u201d, \u201cSo\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n sonu\u201d ve \u201cter\u00f6r dengesi\u201d denen, birbiriyle i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lereat\u0131fta bulunarak tan\u0131mlamay\u0131 deniyor ve anlamak i\u00e7in \u00f6nerdi\u011fi mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n otoimn\u00fcn s\u00fcre\u00e7leri d\u00fczenleyen mant\u0131k oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Otoimn\u00fcn bir s\u00fcrecin tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, canl\u0131 bir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n intihar-benzeri bir tav\u0131rla \u201ckendi kendine\u201d savunmas\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kmaya, \u201ckendi\u201d ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kazanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tuhaf davran\u0131\u015f olarak veriyor. Derrida ilk otoimm\u00fcnite olarak11 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fc yapanlar\u0131n, hem kendilerinin hem de kendilerini so\u011fuk sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda Afganistan\u2019da Sovyetler\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 \u201ce\u011fiten ve donatanlar\u0131n\u201d intihar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere iki intihar s\u00fcrecini bir arada ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdiklerini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. 11 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn, So\u011fuk sava\u015f sonunda kazan\u0131lan zaferin ge\u00e7icili\u011fini ortaya koymas\u0131 ve tehdidin \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ve g\u00fcncel hale gelmesinin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 psikolojik bast\u0131rma iklimini ve bu bast\u0131rman\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lan\u0131 s\u00fcrekli yeniden \u00fcretmesini,ikinci otoimm\u00fcnite olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor Derrida.Sonuncu otoimm\u00fcnite ise bize tam da bug\u00fcnleri neden ya\u015famakta oldu\u011fumuzu hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor sanki. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak e\u015fit derecede sorumlu iki s\u00f6zc\u00fckle ifade edilen \u201cter\u00f6rle sava\u015f\u201d\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn bi\u00e7imlerinin t\u00fcm\u00fcyle ortadan kald\u0131rma iddias\u0131nda olduklar\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn sebeplerini k\u0131sa veya uzun vadede yeniden do\u011furacak \u015fekilde i\u015fledi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130ster Irak, Afganistan veya isterse de Filistin s\u00f6z konusu olsun,\u201d diyor Derrida, \u201cbombalar hi\u00e7bir zaman, kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 bizzat ve vekaleten, sonradan me\u015fru misilleme ya da ter\u00f6rizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele olarak sunulmas\u0131 kolay olacak bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermekten al\u0131koyacak kadar \u2018ak\u0131ll\u0131\u2019 olmayacaklar.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201c… bombalar hi\u00e7bir zaman, kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 bizzat ve vekaleten, sonradan me\u015fru misilleme ya da ter\u00f6rizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele olarak sunulmas\u0131 kolay olacak bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermekten al\u0131koyacak kadar \u2018ak\u0131ll\u0131\u2019 olmayacaklar.\u201d Gen\u00e7 cumhuriyetin kurulu\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze hedef olarak konulmu\u015ftu \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131k d\u00fczeyi. \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sonras\u0131 malum: Birka\u00e7 10 y\u0131l sonra insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn birikimini alt\u00fcst eden \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":74,"featured_media":15976,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[183,513,515],"tags":[237,210,1870],"class_list":["post-15975","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-146-sayi","category-kitapcil","category-nautilus","tag-felsefe","tag-kitap","tag-teror"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t