{"id":17074,"date":"2015-10-01T16:36:55","date_gmt":"2015-10-01T13:36:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=17074"},"modified":"2018-01-18T16:44:41","modified_gmt":"2018-01-18T13:44:41","slug":"relativistik-kutle-balonu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2015\/10\/01\/relativistik-kutle-balonu","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Relativistik k\u00fctle\u2019 balonu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>\u201cRelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d kavram\u0131 bir t\u00fcr pedagojik vir\u00fcs sunar ve bu vir\u00fcs yok olma i\u015fareti g\u00f6stermeksizin yeni nesil \u00f6\u011frencileri ve profes\u00f6rleri \u00e7ok etkin bir bi\u00e7imde etkiler. Dahas\u0131, ger\u00e7ek bir evrensel hastal\u0131k \u00fcretme tehlikesi sunar.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>L. B. Okun<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u00dcnl\u00fc form\u00fcl E=mc<sup>2<\/sup>\u201d ve bu form\u00fclden t\u00fcreyen, h\u0131z ile artan \u201crelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d kavramlar\u0131, Einstein\u2019\u0131n d\u00f6rt boyutlu uzay-zaman simetrisi, \u00f6zel g\u00f6relilik simetrisiyle \u00e7eli\u015fen tarihi eserlerdir. Einstein\u2019\u0131n buldu\u011fu ili\u015fki E=mc<sup>2<\/sup> de\u011fil, E<sub>0<\/sub>=mc<sup>2<\/sup>\u2019dir; burada E<sub>0<\/sub> Einstein\u2019\u0131n 1905 y\u0131l\u0131nda sundu\u011fu durgun durumdaki \u00f6zg\u00fcr cismin erkesidir (enerjisidir). \u201c\u00dcnl\u00fc form\u00fcl\u201d\u00fcn uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmas\u0131n\u0131n sorumlusu, g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131 uzman olmayanlara \u00f6\u011fretme g\u00f6revi \u00fcstlenen sorumsuz uzmanlar\u0131n tavr\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cRelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d kavram\u0131 bir t\u00fcr pedagojik vir\u00fcs sunar ve bu vir\u00fcs yok olma i\u015fareti g\u00f6stermeksizin yeni nesil \u00f6\u011frencileri ve profes\u00f6rleri \u00e7ok etkin bir bi\u00e7imde etkiler. Dahas\u0131, Fizik Y\u0131l\u0131\u2019nda ger\u00e7ek bir evrensel hastal\u0131k \u00fcretme tehlikesi sunar.<\/p>\n<p>Ben \u201cEinstein\u2019\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc e\u015fitli\u011fi E=mc<sup>2<\/sup>\u201dye kar\u015f\u0131 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m ilk makaleyi 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlatt\u0131m (L.B. Okun, <em>Soviet Physics-Uspekhi<\/em>32 (July 1989) 629-638; L.B. Okun, <em>Physics Today<\/em>, June 1989, pages 31-36). Konu bana \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc liselerde, kolejlerde ve \u00fcniversitelerde \u00d6zel G\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru bir bi\u00e7imde \u00f6\u011fretilmesiyle ilgiliydi ve pop\u00fcler bilim dergileri ve kitaplar\u0131nda \u201cyaya\u201d (pedestrian) olarak betimlenen (tasvir edilen) fizik\u00e7i olmayan geni\u015f kitlelere bu kuram\u0131n ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131yd\u0131k.<\/p>\n<p>Bu g\u00f6rev kesinlikle yerine getirilmesi g\u00fc\u00e7 bir g\u00f6rev de\u011fildi, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131n tutarl\u0131 sunumu d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda onay alm\u0131\u015f Landau ve Lifshitz\u2019in <em>The Classical Theory of Fields<\/em> adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda (L. D. Landau, E. M. Lifshitz, <em>The Classical Theory of Fields<\/em>, translated from the second Russian ed., Pergamon, New York, 1951) sunulmu\u015f, benim bu konudaki anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m bu kaynak ve di\u011fer kaynaklar temelinde olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc sapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f (veya yar\u0131m sapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f) olan kitaplarda konunun iki yan\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir yanda, \u201crelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d konusu uygun bulunmam\u0131\u015f izlenimi b\u0131rakt\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu kitaplar\u0131n yazarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00fcnl\u00fc fizik\u00e7iler, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f fizi\u011fin babalar\u0131 ve en b\u00fcy\u00fck yetkeleri (otoriteleri) vard\u0131. Di\u011fer yanda, meydan okuma vard\u0131. Bu nedenle ben okurlara d\u00f6rt boyutlu uzay zaman s\u00fcredurumunun g\u00fczelli\u011fini, relativistik ve relativistik olmayan e\u015fitliklerin gayr\u0131 me\u015fru \u00e7ocu\u011fu olan \u201crelativistik k\u00fctle\u201dnin tutars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7irkinli\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130yimserli\u011fim, 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda Taylor ve Wheeler\u2019in etkileyici ve pop\u00fcler <em>Spacetime Physics<\/em> (E. F. Taylor, J. A. Wheeler, <em>Spacetime Physics<\/em>, 2nd ed. Freeman and Company. New York, 1992, pages 246-252) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131n ikinci bask\u0131s\u0131na eklenmi\u015f olan \u201cDialog: Use and Abuse of the Concept Mass\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda benim yukar\u0131da al\u0131nt\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f olan iki makalemi destekleyen yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131yla artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kitab\u0131n bir kopyas\u0131 i\u00e7inde John Archibald Wheeler\u2019\u0131n bana Ekim 1991 tarihinde g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi posta kart\u0131yla birlikte kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131mda yer al\u0131yor. Post karttaki foto\u011frafta, Washington DC\u2019deki Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi \u00f6n\u00fcndeki Albert Einstein an\u0131t\u0131 var. Einstein\u2019\u0131n bronz heykelindeki a\u00e7\u0131k kitab\u0131n bir sayfas\u0131nda E=mc<sup>2<\/sup> var.<\/p>\n<p>O zamandan beri fizik\u00e7ilerden (hem profes\u00f6rlerden hem de \u00f6\u011frencilerden) y\u00fczlerce mektup ald\u0131m ve hepsi de g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rt boyutlu form\u00fclasyonuna ve Lorentz\u2019in k\u00fctlenin de\u011fi\u015fmezli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bildiriyorlard\u0131. Birka\u00e7 kez de yazarlar\u0131n kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n yeni bask\u0131lar\u0131nda k\u00fctle kavram\u0131 konusundaki yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldum. Ancak, relativistik k\u00fctle yanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda azalma olmam\u0131\u015fa benziyor.<\/p>\n<p>Relativistik k\u00fctle kavram\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcceltilmesinde Max Jammer\u2019in kitaplar\u0131 (M. Jammer, <em>Concepts of Mass in Classical and Modern Physics<\/em>, Harvard, 1961; M. Jammer, <em>Concepts of Mass in Contemporary Physics and Philosophy<\/em>, Princeton, 2000) \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131. Relativistik k\u00fctle yanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcnya Fizik Y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda, Einstein\u2019\u0131n 1905 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan temel makalelerinin 100. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde artt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Kampanya, <em>Scientific American<\/em> dergisinin 2004 y\u0131l\u0131 Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131nda, \u201crelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d e\u015fittir\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17075\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/formul-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"106\" height=\"30\" \/> , burada m<sub>0 <\/sub>durgun k\u00fctledir ve \u201cen \u00f6nemli e\u015fitlik E=mc<sup>2<\/sup>\u201d betimlemeleriyle doluydu. Derginin edit\u00f6rlerine iletti\u011fim, g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rt boyutlu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u00fctlenin de\u011fi\u015fmezli\u011fini savunan mektup edit\u00f6r G. Collins taraf\u0131ndan reddedildi ve Collins 2005 y\u0131l\u0131 Nisan ay\u0131nda \u015funu yazd\u0131: \u201cEn \u00f6nemlisi, biz inan\u0131yoruz ki, bu konuyu sizin ve ortak yazarlar\u0131n tavr\u0131yla <em>Scientific American Mektup<\/em> (Scientific American Letters) sayfalar\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015fmak genel okuyucu kitlesinde kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve konunun okuyucular a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha gizemli ve anla\u015f\u0131lmaz olmas\u0131na neden olacakt\u0131r\u201d. K\u0131sacas\u0131, <em>Scientific American<\/em> dergisinin edit\u00f6rleri do\u011fru ve yanl\u0131\u015f savlar\u0131n \u201ckafa kafaya \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u201dndan ka\u00e7\u0131narak, bu konudaki do\u011fru bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 okurlar\u0131ndan gizlemeyi ye\u011flemi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Avrupa\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan <em>Physics World<\/em> adl\u0131 derginin edit\u00f6r\u00fc P. Rodgers 2005 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ay\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n edit\u00f6r sayfas\u0131nda \u015funu yazd\u0131: \u201c\u2026E=mc<sup>2<\/sup> k\u00fctle ve erkenin bir ve ayn\u0131 \u015fey oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin \u00f6nemli bir sonuca g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u201d. G. Collins\u2019in tersine, P. Rodgers bu saptamay\u0131 ele\u015ftiren bir mektup yay\u0131mlatm\u0131\u015f ve ele\u015ftirilere k\u0131smen kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (P. Rodgers, <em>Physics World<\/em>18 No.10, 20, 2005).<\/p>\n<p>2005 y\u0131l\u0131 Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda relativistik k\u00fctle s\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcne <em>The New York Times<\/em> gazetesi de kat\u0131ld\u0131 ve B. Green\u2019in bir makalesini yay\u0131nlad\u0131 (B. Green, That Famous Equation and You, The New York Times, Sept. 30, 2005). Gazeteci \u00fcnl\u00fc biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6rne\u011fin R. Penrose\u2019un deste\u011fini ald\u0131. Penrose\u2019un bin sayfal\u0131k kal\u0131n kitab\u0131nda (Roger Penrose, <em>The road to reality. A complete guide to the laws of the universe<\/em>, A. Knopf, New York, 2004, p. 434.) \u015fu yaz\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131: \u201cEinstein\u2019\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc E=mc<sup>2<\/sup> ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re k\u00fctle ve erke birbirine tamamen denktir\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Bu t\u00fcmceden ka\u00e7 \u00f6\u011frenci, \u00f6\u011fretmen ve gazeteci zehirlenecek? S. Hawking\u2019in \u00fcnl\u00fc kitab\u0131n\u0131n 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan ikinci bask\u0131s\u0131ndan (S. Hawking, <em>A Brief History of Time<\/em>, New York, 1988) ka\u00e7 okur zehirlenecek? Kitab\u0131n\u0131n ilk sayfas\u0131nda Hawking \u015funlar\u0131 yaz\u0131yor: \u201cBirisi bana dedi ki, kitab\u0131ma ekleyece\u011fim her e\u015fitlik sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n yar\u0131ya inmesine neden olacak. Bu nedenle kitaba herhangi bir e\u015fitli\u011fin girmemesine karar verdim. Ancak kitab\u0131n sonuna bir e\u015fitlik, Einstein\u2019\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc e\u015fitli\u011fi E=mc<sup>2<\/sup>\u2019yi ekledim. Umar\u0131m bu e\u015fitlik benim potansiyel okurlar\u0131m\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 korkutmaz.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Eminim ki, E=mc<sup>2 <\/sup>e\u015fitli\u011fi kitap sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ikiye katlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve sat\u0131n al\u0131c\u0131lar \u00fcnl\u00fc form\u00fclden etkilenmi\u015flerdir. Ancak okurlar\u0131n g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131 anlamalar\u0131 konusunda bu ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n yapaca\u011f\u0131 zarar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek olas\u0131 m\u0131? G\u00f6relilik konusundaki yaz\u0131n\u0131n (literature) genel d\u00fczeyinin bu vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yay\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda alaca\u011f\u0131 zarar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek olas\u0131 m\u0131?<\/p>\n<p>Gary Oas\u2019\u0131n Stanford \u00dcniversitesindeki Yetenekli Gen\u00e7lerin E\u011fitim Program\u0131 (Educational Program for Gifted Youth at Stanford University) ba\u011flam\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki yeni makale (G. Oas, <em>On the abuse and use of relativistic mass<\/em>, arXiv: physics\/0504110; G. Oas, <em>On the Use of Relativistic Mass in Various Published Works<\/em>, arXiv: physics\/0504111) relativistik k\u00fctlenin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015ftir. Yazar, \u201cbu kavram\u0131n t\u00fcm ba\u011flamlarda bo\u015flanmas\u0131, kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131 konusunda bir kez daha \u0131srar ediyor\u201d. Makale bas\u0131lmas\u0131 talebiyle <em>American Journal of Physics<\/em> dergisine g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f ancak \u201c\u00e7ok uzun\u201d (toplam 12 sayfa!) oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle reddedilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zel ve\/veya genel g\u00f6relilik konular\u0131na g\u00f6nderi yapan kitaplar\u0131n kaynak\u00e7as\u0131 (30 sayfa) yazar\u0131n \u201cOn the Use of Relativistic Mass in Various Published Works\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde verilmi\u015f. Makale, relativistik k\u00fctle kavram\u0131n\u0131n tarihsel kullan\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7eriyor. Bu vir\u00fcs\u00fcn zehirledi\u011fi toplumun, iyile\u015ftirme \u00e7abas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi sald\u0131rgan tepkiyi \u00f6ng\u00f6rmek hi\u00e7 de zor de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> The concept of mass in the Einstein year, L. B. Okun, State Research Center, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, 117218, Moscow, Russia. B\u00f6l\u00fcm 5. The pedagogical virus of \u201crelativistic mass\u201d. arXiv:hep-ph\/0602037v1 3 Feb 2006.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"td_quote_box td_box_center\"><p><strong>Einstein da ho\u015flanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Einstein G\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftururken, E=mc<sup>2 <\/sup>ile ilgili makalesinde (1905) ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta \u201cboyuna k\u00fctle\u201d (longitudinal mass) ve \u201cdikine k\u00fctle\u201d (transverse mass) ifadelerini kulland\u0131. Einstein <em>m<\/em> ile g\u00f6sterilen k\u00fctle kavram\u0131n\u0131 durgun k\u00fctle (rest mass) olarak dikkate ald\u0131 (A. Einstein (1905), \u201cIst die Tr\u00e4gheit eines K\u00f6rpers von seinem Energieinhalt abh\u00e4ngig?\u201d (PDF), <em>Annalen der Physik<\/em> (in German) 18 (13): 639\u2013643, Bibcode:1905AnP&#8230;323..639E, doi:10.1002\/andp.19053231314\u00a0 (English translation).<\/p>\n<p>Sonraki y\u0131llarda Einstein \u201crelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden ho\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti (http:\/\/www.weburbia.com\/physics\/mass.html):<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDevingen bir cismin k\u00fctlesi i\u00e7in net bir tan\u0131m\u0131 olmayan\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17076\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/formul-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"106\" height=\"30\" \/> kavram\u0131n\u0131 sunmak iyi bir fikir de\u011fildir. En iyisi \u201cDurgun k\u00fctle\u201d <em>m<\/em> kavram\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir k\u00fctle kavram\u0131 sunmamakt\u0131r. <em>M<\/em> yerine, devingen cismin momentum ve erke ifadesinden s\u00f6z etmek en iyisidir\u201d. (Albert Einstein\u2019\u0131n 19 Haziran 1948 tarihinde Lincoln Barnett\u2019e g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi mektuptan \u2013 L.B. Okun\u2019dan al\u0131nt\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: L. B. Okun (1989), \u201cThe Concept of Mass\u201d (PDF), <em>Physics Today<\/em>, 42 (6): 31-36, Bibcode:1989PhT&#8230;.42f..31O, doi:10.1063\/1.881171)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak:<\/strong>https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mass_in_special_relativity<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"td_quote_box td_box_center\"><p><strong>Gary Oas:<\/strong><strong> \u2018Relativistik k\u00fctle\u2019 kavram\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6zet<\/strong>: H\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00fctle, yani \u201crelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d kavram\u0131 incelenmi\u015f ve \u00f6zel g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131n geometrik form\u00fclasyonuyla tutars\u0131z oldu\u011fu bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu yeni bir sonu\u00e7 de\u011fildir; ancak \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi bu kavram\u0131 kullanmaya devam ediyor ve baz\u0131 ki\u015filer de bu kavram\u0131n \u00f6zel g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturdu\u011funu saptamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. G\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131nda \u201crelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d kullan\u0131lsa da kullan\u0131lmasa da sonucun ayn\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler savunuluyor\u2026 G\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki temsilinde geometri temel rol\u00fc \u00fcstlendi\u011fi i\u00e7in, bir kez daha uyarmal\u0131y\u0131z ki, \u201crelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d kavram\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fczeylerde bo\u015flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7<\/strong>: Asl\u0131nda ben \u201crelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n etik bir sorun yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunan, \u201cOkura bu form\u00fcl\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretmek onu aldatmak anlam\u0131na gelir\u201d diyen Lev Okun\u2019la ayni fikirdeyim. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bu kavram\u0131n bo\u015flanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar olmu\u015ftu ancak \u00e7ok k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 olarak onanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 (kabul edilmi\u015fti). Bu kavram\u0131 kullanan \u00e7o\u011fu uzman olmayan ki\u015filerin kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n pazarda giderek artmas\u0131 nedeniyle fizik topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok daha dikkatli olarak yazmas\u0131, konuyu g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmesi ve bu t\u00fcr uyar\u0131lar\u0131 yapmalar\u0131 sal\u0131k verilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak<\/strong>: Gary Oas, Education Program for Gifted Youth, Stanford University, arXiv:physics\/0504110v2 [physics.ed-ph] 21 Oct 2005.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cRelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d kavram\u0131 bir t\u00fcr pedagojik vir\u00fcs sunar ve bu vir\u00fcs yok olma i\u015fareti g\u00f6stermeksizin yeni nesil \u00f6\u011frencileri ve profes\u00f6rleri \u00e7ok etkin bir bi\u00e7imde etkiler. Dahas\u0131, ger\u00e7ek bir evrensel hastal\u0131k \u00fcretme tehlikesi sunar. L. B. Okun \u201c\u00dcnl\u00fc form\u00fcl E=mc2\u201d ve bu form\u00fclden t\u00fcreyen, h\u0131z ile artan \u201crelativistik k\u00fctle\u201d kavramlar\u0131, Einstein\u2019\u0131n d\u00f6rt boyutlu uzay-zaman simetrisi, \u00f6zel [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":475,"featured_media":17077,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[177,1464,26],"tags":[277,288,2033],"class_list":["post-17074","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-140-sayi","category-dosya","category-fizik","tag-einstein","tag-fizik","tag-relativistik-kutle"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17074","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/475"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17074"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17074\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17077"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17074"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17074"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17074"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}