{"id":18486,"date":"2017-11-01T12:35:48","date_gmt":"2017-11-01T09:35:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=18486"},"modified":"2018-02-07T19:04:10","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T16:04:10","slug":"insan-ve-maymunun-son-ortak-atasi-yaklasik-bes-kilo-agirliginda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2017\/11\/01\/insan-ve-maymunun-son-ortak-atasi-yaklasik-bes-kilo-agirliginda","title":{"rendered":"\u0130nsan ve maymunun son ortak atas\u0131, yakla\u015f\u0131k be\u015f kilo a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, maymunlar\u0131n en son ortak atas\u0131n\u0131n, -b\u00fcy\u00fck maymunlar ve insanlar da dahil- daha \u00f6nce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclenden \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, bir gibbon boyunda oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Nature Communications<\/em>\u2019ta yay\u0131mlanan bulgular, insan soya\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n evrimini anlamada esast\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Almanya\u2019daki T\u00fcbingen Eberhard Karls \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde misafir yard\u0131mc\u0131 do\u00e7ent olan, makalenin ba\u015fyazar\u0131 Mark Grabowski (Amerika\u2019daki Do\u011fa Tarihi M\u00fczesi\u2019nin Antropoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde doktora sonras\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 da yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r), \u201cV\u00fccut b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bir hayvan\u0131n kendi \u00e7evresi ile nas\u0131l bir ili\u015fkisi oldu\u011funu do\u011frudan etkiler ve hi\u00e7bir \u00f6zelli\u011fin, daha geni\u015f bir biyolojik etkisi yoktur\u201d diyor. \u201cBununla birlikte, insanlar\u0131n ve t\u00fcm ya\u015fayan maymunlar\u0131n son ortak atas\u0131n\u0131n boyutu hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az \u015fey biliniyor. Bu eksiklik \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7ok say\u0131da paleobiyolojik hipotez, soyumuza ve soyumuzdan \u00f6ncekilere ait v\u00fccut boyutu tahminlerine dayanmaktad\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan da, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck maymunlar\u0131 (gibbonlar) ve b\u00fcy\u00fck maymunlar\u0131 (\u015fempanzeler, goriller ve orangutanlar) i\u00e7eren ya\u015fayan primatlar aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Bu \u201chominoidler\u201d, yakla\u015f\u0131k 23 milyon ila 5 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce Miosen\u2019de ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7e\u015fitlenmi\u015ftir. Fosiller \u00e7ok k\u0131t oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ya\u015fayan maymunlar\u0131n ve insanlar\u0131n en eski ortak atas\u0131n\u0131n neye benzedi\u011fini veya nerede ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmemektedir.<\/p>\n

Stony Brook \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Grabowski ve William Jungers, primat soya\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde v\u00fccut k\u00fctlesinin nas\u0131l geli\u015fti\u011fi hakk\u0131nda daha iyi bir fikir edinmek i\u00e7in, Afrika, Avrupa ve Asya\u2019daki Miosen d\u00f6nemi maymunlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren fosil primatlar\u0131, insan dahil modern primatlar\u0131n v\u00fccut b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc verilerini ve fosil homininler i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan son tahminleri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n sonunda, maymunlar\u0131n ortak atalar\u0131n\u0131n olas\u0131l\u0131kla 12 pound (yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 kilo) a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011funu buldular; ki bu daha \u00f6nceki \u015fempanze benzeri bir atan\u0131n \u015fempanze boyutlar\u0131nda olaca\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer \u015feylerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bulgular, a\u011fa\u00e7larda ya\u015fayan b\u00fcy\u00fck primatlar\u0131n \u00f6zellikle bir davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkilerini bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r: Bu,\u00a0 ellerden as\u0131l\u0131 kalma ve sallanmay\u0131 i\u00e7eren \u201csuspansuvar hareketi\u201dnin dallar \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olan bir hayvandansa, ba\u015fka nedenlerle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etmektedir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, ortak atan\u0131n k\u0131smen suspansuvar oldu\u011funu ve daha b\u00fcy\u00fck beden boyutunun sonradan evrildi\u011fini ve her iki adaptasyonun da ayr\u0131 noktalarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini savl\u0131yorlar. \u201cSuspansuvar hareketinin\u201d, artan say\u0131da maymun t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u201csilahlanma yar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201dn\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak geli\u015fmi\u015f olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar. Dallarda sallanmak, bir hayvan\u0131n, \u00f6rne\u011fin meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kenar\u0131nda oldu\u011fundan k\u0131ymetli ve eri\u015filemeyen bir meyveye kavu\u015fmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n tan\u0131r ve daha b\u00fcy\u00fck beden, gerekti\u011finde maymunlarla do\u011frudan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya girmelerine izin verecektir.<\/p>\n

Yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rma ayr\u0131ca, insan\u0131n erken akrabalar\u0131ndan olan Australopith<\/em>lerin, \u00a0atalar\u0131na g\u00f6re ortalamada daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutta olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun Homo erectus<\/em>\u2019a gelene kadar devam etti\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Grabowski, \u201cGenel olarak soy hatt\u0131m\u0131zda, v\u00fccut b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir azalma var gibi g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Bu da evrim hakk\u0131ndaki genel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimizden birine, zamanla birlikte ya ayn\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ya da b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz \u015feklindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye ters d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, maymunlar\u0131n en son ortak atas\u0131n\u0131n, -b\u00fcy\u00fck maymunlar ve insanlar da dahil- daha \u00f6nce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclenden \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, bir gibbon boyunda oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Nature Communications\u2019ta yay\u0131mlanan bulgular, insan soya\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n evrimini anlamada esast\u0131r. Almanya\u2019daki T\u00fcbingen Eberhard Karls \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde misafir yard\u0131mc\u0131 do\u00e7ent olan, makalenin ba\u015fyazar\u0131 Mark Grabowski (Amerika\u2019daki Do\u011fa Tarihi M\u00fczesi\u2019nin Antropoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde doktora sonras\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":383,"featured_media":18487,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1131,211,19,32],"tags":[200,498,2099,230],"class_list":["post-18486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-165-sayi","category-antropoloji","category-bilim-gundemi","category-evrim","tag-evrim","tag-homo-erectus","tag-insanin-atasi","tag-insanlik-tarihi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t