{"id":20019,"date":"2018-02-21T11:12:42","date_gmt":"2018-02-21T08:12:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=20019"},"modified":"2018-02-21T12:46:16","modified_gmt":"2018-02-21T09:46:16","slug":"jeolojik-degisimler-cercevesinde-ingilterede-insan-turlerinin-kisa-tarihi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/02\/21\/jeolojik-degisimler-cercevesinde-ingilterede-insan-turlerinin-kisa-tarihi","title":{"rendered":"Jeolojik de\u011fi\u015fimler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u0130ngiltere\u2019de insan t\u00fcrlerinin k\u0131sa tarihi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sunu\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Orijinali \u201cThe making of an island\u201d olan haber ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, taraf\u0131m\u0131zdan de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Yazarlar:<\/strong> Tate Greenhalgh ve Lisa Hendry<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Bug\u00fcn bize tan\u0131d\u0131k gelen Britanya\u2019n\u0131n anahatlar\u0131, s\u00fcrekli d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen karan\u0131n \u00f6zl\u00fc bir foto\u011fraf\u0131d\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz milyonlarca y\u0131lda yeniden \u015fekillenen yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn, insan varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini ke\u015ffedin.<\/p>\n

Britanya\u2019n\u0131n erken d\u00f6nem sakinleri bug\u00fcn bildi\u011fimizden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bir yerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yayd\u0131lar. Baz\u0131 zamanlar hava s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 suayg\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n nehirlerde dola\u015fmas\u0131na yetecek kadar s\u0131cakt\u0131. Di\u011fer zamanlardaysa Britanya \u015fiddetli so\u011fuklar alt\u0131ndayd\u0131 ve donmu\u015f yaban\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, tutunabilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ya\u015famla beraber karalar\u0131 \u00f6rten kal\u0131n buz tabakalar\u0131yla kapl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan k\u00f6kenleri uzman\u0131 Prof. Chris Stirnger diyor ki, \u201cYa\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7evresel \u015fartlar\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcne g\u00f6re geni\u015flemesinin ve daralmas\u0131n\u0131n bilgisi, insanlar\u0131n Avrupa\u2019daki ve \u00f6zellikle \u0130ngiltere\u2019deki tarihini anlamam\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fct\u00fcnleyicidir. De\u011fi\u015fen iklimlerle belirlenmi\u015f \u00e7evresel \u015fartlar\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc, ku\u015fkusuz, insan\u0131n t\u00fcm \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 zamanlar boyunca takip edilen yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, isk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n ve terk edi\u015flerinin temel itici g\u00fcc\u00fcyd\u00fc.\u201d<\/p>\n

Arkaik insan\u0131n \u0130ngiltere\u2019deki zaman \u00e7izelgesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Yakla\u015f\u0131k 950 biny\u0131l \u00f6nce<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Geni\u015f bir kara, g\u00fcneydo\u011fu \u0130ngiltere\u2019yi Avrupa anakaras\u0131nda ba\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Norfolk-Happisburgh\u2019taki ayak izleri ve ta\u015f aletler, bu kara k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7mi\u015f, bilinmeyen bir Homo<\/em> t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn, tan\u0131nan ilk \u0130ngilterelilerin \u00fcyelerince b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Yakla\u015f\u0131k 500 biny\u0131l \u00f6nce<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131m milyon y\u0131l sonra, \u0130ngiltere h\u00e2l\u00e2 anakaraya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

West Sussex – Boxgrove\u2019da bulunan kemikler ve di\u015fler, bu zamandaki \u0130ngiltere sakinlerini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r: Homo heidelbergensis<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Yakla\u015f\u0131k 450 biny\u0131l \u00f6nce<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ac\u0131mas\u0131z buzullanman\u0131n zirvesinde, \u0130ngiltere insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fayabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok so\u011fuktur.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fuda devasa bir buz g\u00f6l\u00fc olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Nihayetinde serbest kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde), bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130ngiliz Kanal\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturacak yar\u0131klar\u0131n kara boyunca olu\u015fumunu zorlayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Yakla\u015f\u0131k 400 biny\u0131l \u00f6nce<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

S\u0131cakl\u0131klar y\u00fckselir ve buz erir. Deniz bug\u00fcnk\u00fc seviyesine y\u00fckselir, fakat \u0130ngiltere h\u00e2l\u00e2 kuzey Avrupa\u2019ya dar bir kara par\u00e7as\u0131yla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, erken Homo neanderthalensis<\/em>\u2019lerin \u0130ngiltere\u2019yi isk\u00e2n\u0131na izin verir.<\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 350 biny\u0131l boyunca Neanderthaller, y\u00fckselen ve al\u00e7alan hava s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye gidip gelirler.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Yakla\u015f\u0131k 125 biny\u0131l \u00f6nce<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Britanya art\u0131k bir adad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fcnden daha y\u00fcksektir ve deniz, Wash \u00e7evresindeki Norfolk ve Lincolnshire gibi, al\u00e7akta kalan karay\u0131 yutar.<\/p>\n

S\u0131cak iklimde, suayg\u0131rlar\u0131, Thames gibi nehirlerde e\u011fle\u015fmekte ve aslanlar, \u015fimdi Trafalgar Meydan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n oldu\u011fu yerde dolanmaktad\u0131r. Bu hayvanlar, y\u00fckselen deniz seviyesiyle kara ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kopmadan gelmi\u015flerdir. Neanderthaller ise ba\u015faramam\u0131\u015f ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019yi insanlara terk etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Yakla\u015f\u0131k 60 biny\u0131l \u00f6nce<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Su buzullarda ve buz \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcnde hapsolduk\u00e7a, deniz seviyesi al\u00e7al\u0131r, \u0130ngiltere ve anakara aras\u0131nda \u00e7imenlerle kapl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ova ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

Neanderthaller nihayet geri d\u00f6nerler. G\u00fcney k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Torquay civar\u0131ndaki bir ma\u011faran\u0131n derinliklerinde bulunan bir \u00e7enekemi\u011fi, 20 biny\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde Homo sapiens<\/em>lerin de \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 biny\u0131l \u00f6nce<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

En yak\u0131n buz devri, en \u015fiddetli d\u00f6nemindedir. Buzlar yeniden \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin \u00e7o\u011funu kaplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 biny\u0131l evvel \u015fartlar\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmesiyle birlikte insanlar yeniden \u0130ngiltere\u2019den yok olurlar.<\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 bin uzun y\u0131ll\u0131k bir aradan sonra, t\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz nihayet geri d\u00f6ner.<\/p>\n

\"\"
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u015eimdi daha s\u0131cak, buzullar eridi ve geride kalan 12 biny\u0131lda deniz seviyesi yeniden, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin tan\u0131d\u0131k siluetini olu\u015fturarak y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

Fakat k\u0131y\u0131 hi\u00e7 sabit kalmad\u0131. Deniz seviyesi y\u00fckselip al\u00e7ald\u0131k\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fmeye devam edecek. Deniz sahil hatt\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendirdik\u00e7e, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin erken d\u00f6nem sakinlerinin ilgi \u00e7ekici yeni kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 da ortaya koyacak.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sunu\u015f Orijinali \u201cThe making of an island\u201d olan haber ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, taraf\u0131m\u0131zdan de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Yazarlar: Tate Greenhalgh ve Lisa Hendry Bug\u00fcn bize tan\u0131d\u0131k gelen Britanya\u2019n\u0131n anahatlar\u0131, s\u00fcrekli d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen karan\u0131n \u00f6zl\u00fc bir foto\u011fraf\u0131d\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz milyonlarca y\u0131lda yeniden \u015fekillenen yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn, insan varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini ke\u015ffedin. Britanya\u2019n\u0131n erken d\u00f6nem sakinleri bug\u00fcn bildi\u011fimizden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bir yerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yayd\u0131lar. Baz\u0131 zamanlar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":673,"featured_media":20021,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[211,19,32,222,232],"tags":[2394,200,498,1784,2396,2397,315,2283,422],"class_list":["post-20019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antropoloji","category-bilim-gundemi","category-evrim","category-tarih","category-yerbilimleri","tag-britanya","tag-evrim","tag-homo-erectus","tag-homo-habilis","tag-insan-turleri","tag-insan-turlerinin-tarihi","tag-jeoloji","tag-neanderthal","tag-yerin-evrimi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20019","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/673"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20019"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20019\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20021"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}