Stanford \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, iki ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k uyar\u0131c\u0131 ajan\u0131n az miktarlarda do\u011frudan farelerdeki kat\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6rlere enjekte edilmesi, uzak b\u00f6lgelerdeki ve tedavi edilmemi\u015f metastazlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere, bu hayvanlardaki t\u00fcm kanser kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rabilir. S\u00f6z konusu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 kanser t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, \u00e7ok az miktardaki ajan\u0131n lokal olarak uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n, v\u00fccut genelinde ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k uyar\u0131m\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fclen olumsuz yan etkilere sebep olmayan; h\u0131zl\u0131, nispeten ucuz bir kanser terapisi olarak kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n
Bir ajan, \u015fu anda zaten insanlarda kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in onaylanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; di\u011feri ise konuyla alakas\u0131z klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, insanlarda kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in test edilmi\u015ftir. Lenfoma hastalar\u0131nda tedavinin etkisini test etmek i\u00e7in klinik bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma da ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Stanford T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nden onkoloji profes\u00f6r\u00fc Prof. Dr. Ronald Levy, Science Translational Medicine\u2019<\/em>de yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n k\u0131demli yazar\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlisi Idit Sagiv-Barfi (PhD) ise ba\u015fyazar.<\/p>\n V\u00fccut \u00e7ap\u0131nda, \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 etki<\/strong><\/p>\n Levy kanserle m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminden yararlanmay\u0131 denedikleri bir alan olan kanser immunoterapisi alan\u0131nda bir \u00f6nc\u00fc. Laboratuvar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, insanlarda anti-kanser tedavisi olarak kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere onaylanan ilk monoklonal antikorlardan biri olan rituximab<\/strong>in geli\u015fmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Baz\u0131 immunoterapi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, v\u00fccudun tamam\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini uyarmaya dayan\u0131r. Di\u011ferleri ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccrelerinin anti-kanser aktivitesini s\u0131n\u0131rlayan, do\u011fal olarak olu\u015fan kontrol noktalar\u0131n\u0131 hedeflemektedir. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2, l\u00f6semi ve lenfomalar\u0131n baz\u0131 tiplerini tedavi etmek i\u00e7in yak\u0131n zamanda onaylanan CAR T-cell (CAR= Chimeric Antigen Receptor) terapisi gibi, bir hastan\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccrelerinin v\u00fccuttan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccrelerine sald\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in genetik olarak tamir edilmesini gerektirir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015ftur, ancak her birinin, ba\u015f etmesi zor g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yan etkileri, y\u00fcksek maliyet ve uzun haz\u0131rl\u0131k veya tedavi s\u00fcresi gibi dezavantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Levy, \u201cY\u00f6ntemimizi uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, farelerde v\u00fccut \u00e7ap\u0131na yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin tamam\u0131nda \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 etkiler g\u00f6rd\u00fck\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n T h\u00fccreleri gibi ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri, s\u0131kl\u0131kla kanser h\u00fccrelerinde bulunan anormal proteinleri tan\u0131r ve t\u00fcm\u00f6re sald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in i\u00e7eri s\u0131zar. Bununla birlikte t\u00fcm\u00f6r b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e s\u0131k s\u0131k T h\u00fccrelerinin aktivitesini bask\u0131lama yollar\u0131 geli\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n Levy\u2019nin y\u00f6ntemi, iki ajan\u0131n do\u011frudan t\u00fcm\u00f6r b\u00f6lgesine mikrogram miktarda enjekte edilerek, kansere \u00f6zg\u00fc T h\u00fccrelerinin yeniden etkinle\u015ftirilmesini hedefleyerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. (Bir mikrogram gram\u0131n milyonda biridir.) Bu ajanlardan biri olan CpG oligon\u00fckleotidi ad\u0131 verilen k\u0131sa bir DNA uzant\u0131s\u0131, T h\u00fccrelerinin y\u00fczeyinde Ox40 ad\u0131 verilen aktive edici bir resept\u00f6r ifadesini \u00e7o\u011faltmak i\u00e7in yak\u0131nlardaki di\u011fer ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleriyle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Ox40\u2019a ba\u011flanan bir antikor olan di\u011fer ajan, y\u00fck\u00fc kanser h\u00fccrelerine y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in T h\u00fccrelerini aktive eder. \u0130ki ajan do\u011frudan \u00a0t\u00fcm\u00f6re enjekte edildi\u011finden, sadece t\u00fcm\u00f6re s\u0131zm\u0131\u015f T h\u00fccreleri aktive edilir. Asl\u0131nda bu T h\u00fccreleri, yaln\u0131zca kansere \u00f6zg\u00fc proteinleri tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in v\u00fccut taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ng\u00f6sterimlidir. Bu t\u00fcm\u00f6re spesifik, aktive edilmi\u015f T h\u00fccrelerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131, v\u00fccuttaki \u00f6zde\u015f t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri bulmak ve yok etmek i\u00e7in orijinal t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc terk ederler.<\/p>\n Kanser yok edici korumalar<\/strong><\/p>\n Yakla\u015f\u0131m, fare lenfoma t\u00fcm\u00f6rl\u00fc laboratuvar farelerinde \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ki ajan\u0131 bir t\u00fcm\u00f6r alan\u0131na enjekte etmek, sadece tedavi edilen t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda tedavi edilmeyen ikinci t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn gerilemesine de neden oldu. Bu \u015fekilde kanserli 90 fareden 87\u2019si tedavi edildi. Her ne kadar kanser \u00fc\u00e7 farede tekrarlasa da , ikinci bir tedaviden sonra t\u00fcm\u00f6rler tekrar geriledi. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs, kolon ve melanoma t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri ta\u015f\u0131yan farelerde de benzer sonu\u00e7lar g\u00f6rd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n Son olarak Sagiv-Barfi, farelere iki tip t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn nakledilmesiyle T h\u00fccrelerinin \u00f6zg\u00fcll\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ke\u015ffetti. Sagiv-Barfi ayn\u0131 lenfoma kanseri h\u00fccrelerini iki yere nakletti ve bir kolon kanseri h\u00fccre hatt\u0131n\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir b\u00f6lgeye nakletti. Lenfoma b\u00f6lgelerinden birinin tedavisi her iki lenfoma t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn gerilemesine neden olurken, kolon kanseri h\u00fccrelerinin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini etkilemedi. Levy \u201cBu \u00e7ok hedefli bir yakla\u015f\u0131m. Sadece, tedavi edilen b\u00f6lge taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6sterilen protein hedeflerini payla\u015fan t\u00fcm\u00f6r etkilendi. T h\u00fccrelerinin hangi proteinleri tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tam olarak tan\u0131mlamak zorunda kalmadan spesifik hedeflere sald\u0131r\u0131yoruz\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Mevcut klinik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dereceli lenfomal\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 hasta \u00fczerinde denenecek. Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olursa, Levy, tedavinin bir\u00e7ok t\u00fcm\u00f6r t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in yararl\u0131 olabilece\u011fine inan\u0131yor. Levy, tan\u0131mlanamayan metastazlara ya da kal\u0131c\u0131 kanser h\u00fccrelerine ba\u011fl\u0131 tekrarlamay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, bir y\u00f6ntem olarak, kanserin cerrahi olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce klinisyenlerin iki ajan\u0131 kat\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6rlere enjekte ettiklerini veya BRCA1 ve 2 gibi genetik mutasyonlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olu\u015fan gelecekteki t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin geli\u015fimini \u00f6nlemeyi hayal ediyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Stanford \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, iki ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k uyar\u0131c\u0131 ajan\u0131n az miktarlarda do\u011frudan farelerdeki kat\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6rlere enjekte edilmesi, uzak b\u00f6lgelerdeki ve tedavi edilmemi\u015f metastazlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere, bu hayvanlardaki t\u00fcm kanser kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rabilir. S\u00f6z konusu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 kanser t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, \u00e7ok az miktardaki ajan\u0131n lokal olarak uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":871,"featured_media":20219,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,21,33],"tags":[2418,2419],"class_list":["post-20218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji","category-saglik-bilimleri","tag-kanser-asisi","tag-kanser-tedavisi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/871"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20218"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20218\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20219"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}