{"id":21029,"date":"2018-03-07T09:29:09","date_gmt":"2018-03-07T06:29:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=21029"},"modified":"2018-03-26T01:40:14","modified_gmt":"2018-03-25T22:40:14","slug":"deli-kanli-arkeolog-muhibbe-darga-ile-delikanli-bir-yasam-sohbeti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/03\/07\/deli-kanli-arkeolog-muhibbe-darga-ile-delikanli-bir-yasam-sohbeti","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye arkeolojisinin \u00f6nemli isimlerinden Muhibbe Darga’n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nal\u00e2n Mahsereci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Okuyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yaz\u0131, Emine \u00c7aykara\u2019n\u0131n Muhibbe Darga ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 geni\u015f nehir s\u00f6yle\u015fiden olu\u015fan, \u201cArkeolojinin Delikanl\u0131s\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc kitab\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131tmak i\u00e7in kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda Cumhuriyet Kitap ekinde yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u00fcn, yani 6 Mart 2018\u2019de kaybetti\u011fimiz de\u011ferli arkeolog Muhibbe Darga\u2019y\u0131 anlatan yanlar\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yay\u0131ml\u0131yoruz. (Cenazesi bug\u00fcn, 7 Mart 2018’de, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u015eakirin Camisi’nden kalkacak.)
\nYaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda Prof. Dr. Muhibbe Darga’n\u0131n, Prof. Dr. Tahsin \u00d6zg\u00fc\u00e7’\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan Bilim ve Gelecek i\u00e7in kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131ya ve gene Darga’n\u0131n hayat\u0131ndan anekdotlar sunan kitab\u0131 “Kaz\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n Karavanas\u0131”n\u0131n Bilim ve Gelecek’te yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"Gen\u00e7 Cumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli klasik arkeologlar\u0131ndan Arif M\u00fcfid Mansel\u2019i ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken, gene ona ba\u015fvurdum. Ama bu kez Can Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan biraz geni\u015fletilerek yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yeni bask\u0131s\u0131na. Muhibbe Darga ile ya\u015fam\u0131 temelinde yap\u0131lan destan gibi bir s\u00f6yle\u015fiden olu\u015fan, Arkeolojinin Delikanl\u0131s\u0131<\/em> kitab\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ediyorum. Gen\u00e7 ku\u015fak arkeologlar\u0131n bile, yaln\u0131zca yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserler \u00fczerinden, o da \u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131; de\u011feri kendisini bizzat tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f olanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda neredeyse unutulmu\u015f Prof. Dr. Arif M\u00fcfid Mansel\u2019i yap\u0131p ettikleriyle, hocal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, ki\u015filik \u00f6zellikleriyle ya\u015fatan, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 birka\u00e7 kaynaktan biri Arkeolojinin Delikanl\u0131s\u0131<\/em>. Sadece bu de\u011ferli ismi mi? Naziler\u2019den ka\u00e7arak, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan, Hititoloji\u2019yi geli\u015ftiren Prof. Dr. H. T. Bossert\u2019i, gene Nazi Almanyas\u0131 ka\u00e7k\u0131n\u0131, Roma tarihi ve n\u00fcmizmatik dersleri hocas\u0131 Prof. Dr. Emin Bosch\u2019u, \u00fclkemizin ilk kad\u0131n arkeologlar\u0131ndan Prof. Dr. Halet \u00c7ambel\u2019i, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda Hititolo\u011fumuz Prof. Dr. Sedat Alp\u2019i, Do\u00e7. Dr. Bahad\u0131r Alk\u0131m\u2019\u0131, Prof. Tahsin \u00d6zg\u00fc\u00e7, Prof. Dr. Nimet \u00d6zg\u00fc\u00e7 ve Prof. Dr. Ekrem Akurgal\u2019\u0131\u2026 Listeyi sat\u0131rlarca uzatmak yerine k\u0131sa yoldan \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6ylesek daha iyi. Bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00fcniversitelerde k\u00fcrs\u00fc ba\u015fkan\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli unvanlara sahip akademisyenler olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, \u00fclkemizin arkeolojik zenginli\u011fini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan bilimsel kaz\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten, Anadolu arkeolojisine Cumhuriyet\u2019in kurulu\u015fundan beri hizmet etmi\u015f, bu bilimi yaratm\u0131\u015f, geli\u015fmesini, ilerlemesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f birka\u00e7 ku\u015fak arkeolog, filolog, m\u00fczeci, hatta sanat tarih\u00e7ileri ve tarih\u00e7ilerin neredeyse t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc\u2026 Yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ba\u015fka uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131ndan akademisyenler ve bir\u00e7ok ayd\u0131n\u0131\u2026 Sadece isimlerde de\u011fil, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de arkeoloji \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 tarihinin b\u00fct\u00fcn boyutlar\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli kay\u0131tlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor bu s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131. Arkeoloji e\u011fitimin yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f, verili\u015f bi\u00e7imleri, ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi evreler, Gen\u00e7 Cumhuriyet\u2019in zorlu ko\u015fullar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ilk kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, bunlarla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lanlar, yaratt\u0131klar\u0131 yank\u0131lar, d\u00f6nemsel siyasi de\u011fi\u015fimlerin arkeoloji bilimine ve genel olarak \u00fcniversite ya\u015fam\u0131na yans\u0131malar\u0131 vs. Taze bir \u00fclkenin, bilimlerin, \u00fcniversite ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse s\u0131f\u0131rdan kurulu\u015funu bizzat ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, hatta kurucu olmu\u015f, Cumhuriyet de\u011ferleriyle yo\u011frulmu\u015f ilk ku\u015faklar\u0131n kimi temsilcileri h\u00e2l\u00e2 hayattayken, bu t\u00fcrden tan\u0131kl\u0131k kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131n\u0131n ne denli \u00f6nemli olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcren bir yap\u0131t bu. S\u00f6yle\u015fiyi yapan Emine \u00c7aykara\u2019n\u0131n eline sa\u011fl\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Tan\u0131kl\u0131k eden Darga olunca…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ama kitab\u0131n tarihsel tan\u0131kl\u0131k de\u011ferini artt\u0131ran\u0131n, biraz da Muhibbe Darga\u2019n\u0131n ki\u015fili\u011fi oldu\u011funu belirtmeden ge\u00e7meyelim. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, kendisinin de s\u0131k s\u0131k vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, arkeolojiye tutkuyla ba\u011fl\u0131 Muhibbe Darga. Mesle\u011fini a\u015fkla, co\u015fkuyla, heyecanla yapm\u0131\u015f. Ko\u015fullar zaman zaman uzakla\u015ft\u0131rsa da, ne yap\u0131p edip arkeolojiye tekrar d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f. Asl\u0131nda bu \u00f6zellik, Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilk ku\u015faklar\u0131n\u0131n ortak \u00f6zelli\u011fi, para ya da ba\u015fka bir \u00e7\u0131kar g\u00f6zetmeden, faydal\u0131 olma iste\u011fiyle mesle\u011fine adanmak\u2026<\/p>\n

\"\"Ama Muhibbe Han\u0131m\u2019a \u00f6zg\u00fcl\u00fck, belki de \u015furadan kaynakl\u0131: Muhibbe Han\u0131m, arkeolojiyi ve bir arkeolog olarak ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131rken de co\u015fkulu. S\u00f6zlerinden ya\u015fam f\u0131\u015fk\u0131r\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Oktay Akbal\u2019\u0131n onu anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yaz\u0131s\u0131nda tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, bir \u201cya\u015fam ustas\u0131\u201d. \u0130nsan\u0131 yorgunlu\u011fundan, karamsarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan utand\u0131racak kadar ya\u015fam, canl\u0131l\u0131k, enerji dolu. S\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn t\u00fcm anlam i\u00e7eri\u011fiyle, \u201crenkli\u201d, hatta reng\u00e2renk bir insan. Dedesi saray mabeyncisi Mehmet Emin Bey\u2019le ba\u015flayan ve hekim babas\u0131 A. Sait Darga ile devam eden, k\u00fclt\u00fcre, kitaba \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verilen bir aile ortam\u0131nda yeti\u015fmi\u015f. Ama bu ortam\u0131, sa\u011flam bir genel k\u00fclt\u00fcr altyap\u0131s\u0131 edinerek de\u011ferlendirmeyi de bilmi\u015f. Ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 inceliklerle zenginle\u015ftirmeyi, sanat ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn her alan\u0131ndan dem ve tat almay\u0131, okumay\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenmeyi bilen, \u00e7ok \u015feyi merak eden, meraklar\u0131n\u0131n pe\u015fine bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 titizli\u011fiyle d\u00fc\u015fen, ya\u015fama \u201cmuziplikle\u201d bakan, bulundu\u011fu ortam\u0131n muz\u0131r\u0131 olan, disiplinle, sorumlulukla ya\u015famdan zevk almay\u0131 birle\u015ftirebilmi\u015f bir insan. Gene dikkat \u00e7ekici bir yan, an\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, ge\u00e7mi\u015finde ya\u015famaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f pek \u00e7ok ya\u015f\u0131t\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak Muhibbe Darga\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, akademik ve politik ya\u015fam\u0131yla da son derece yak\u0131ndan ilgili olmas\u0131. Sonu\u00e7: Renkli ve dolu bir ya\u015fam\u0131n kitab\u0131 da renkli ve dolu oluyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u015e\u00fckriye Dikmen’in “Muhibbe Darga portresi”nden bir kesit.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Muhibbe Darga\u2019n\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcn k\u0131lan, biraz da ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 insanlar\u0131 geni\u015f bir a\u00e7\u0131yla de\u011ferlendirmesini, s\u00fczmesini, sorgulamas\u0131n\u0131 bilen bir akla sahip olmas\u0131. Ki\u015filer ve olaylar hakk\u0131ndaki her yorumunu, her konudaki de\u011ferlendirmesini akl\u0131n\u0131n mihenk ta\u015f\u0131na vurmu\u015f bir ki\u015fiden s\u00f6z ediyoruz. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, kendi eksiklerine, yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131na da d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fckle bakan, \u00f6zele\u015ftirisini i\u00e7tenlikle yapan. Bir de \u00fcst\u00fcne, s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc sak\u0131nmayan, \u201cdelikanl\u0131\u201d bir \u00fcslup s\u00f6z konusu olunca, bu ya\u015fam\u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc kitab\u0131 elden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmeden, su gibi okunmay\u0131 hak ediyor. D\u00f6nemin g\u00f6rsel tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapan resimler ve kimi belgeler de cabas\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n

Karatepe’nin zorlu yollar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kitapta, pek \u00e7ok \u015feyin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, d\u00fcnya arkeoloji camias\u0131n\u0131 derinden sarsm\u0131\u015f bir ke\u015ffin \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc de yer al\u0131yor: Karatepe. Topra\u011f\u0131n ba\u011fr\u0131nda saklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi katman katman soyma tam bir dervi\u015f sabr\u0131 ve kar\u0131nca azmi i\u015fiyken; o ger\u00e7e\u011fi ba\u011fr\u0131nda saklayan yerleri ke\u015ffetmenin kendisinin de olduk\u00e7a maceral\u0131 oldu\u011fu zamanlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Anadolu\u2019da yolun izin, do\u011fru d\u00fcr\u00fcst ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131n, konaklama imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1940\u2019l\u0131 50\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131\u2026 Muhibbe Darga\u2019n\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ekip, ba\u015fta Prof. Bossert, yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 Halet \u00c7ambel ve Bahad\u0131r Alk\u0131m olmak \u00fczere, o y\u0131llar\u0131n Anadolu\u2019sunda bir Hitit yerle\u015fmesinin izini s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek, en iyi ihtimalle at s\u0131rt\u0131nda, ya da kamyon, kamyonet kasalar\u0131nda\u2026 Yer yer kar k\u0131\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131nda\u2026 Herhangi bir d\u00f6rt duvar bulununca ya da hi\u00e7 olmazsa T\u00fcrkmen \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131nda \u201cTanr\u0131 misafiri\u201d olarak konaklayarak\u2026 Maceran\u0131n tad\u0131na ancak Muhibbe Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (ya da Halet \u00c7ambel ve di\u011fer tan\u0131klar\u0131n) anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 okuyarak varabilece\u011finiz bir yolculu\u011fun sonunda, sonradan Ge\u00e7 Hitit Kalesi Azatiwataya olarak tespit edilecek Karatepe Aslanta\u015f\u2019a ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Ke\u015ffetmek yetmeyecek, topra\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f kale kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak ve aya\u011fa kald\u0131rmak, Prof. Halet \u00c7ambel\u2019in, Prof. Bossert\u2019den devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorlu bir \u00e7aba olarak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelecektir. Ke\u015ffinden birka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra, Karatepe ad\u0131 d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bilinir hale gelir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Karatepe kaz\u0131lar\u0131, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan ikidilli yaz\u0131tlar yard\u0131m\u0131yla (Fenikece ve Hitit\u00e7e) Hitit resim yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte, bu b\u00fcy\u00fck ke\u015ffi yapan ekibin bir \u00fcyesidir Muhibbe Darga. Onun ve di\u011fer ekip \u00fcyelerinin adlar\u0131, pop\u00fcler arkeoloji yazar\u0131 C. W. Ceram\u2019\u0131n kaz\u0131lar\u0131 ziyaret etmesi ve Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n Vatan\u0131 Anadolu<\/em> kitab\u0131nda Karatepe\u2019nin ke\u015fif \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc anlatmas\u0131yla, arkeoloji camias\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczle\u015fir. Arkeolojinin Delikanl\u0131s\u0131<\/em> kitab\u0131ndan, Ceram\u2019\u0131n, bu kitab\u0131 Muhibbe Darga\u2019ya \u201calt\u0131 \u00e7ocu\u011fumun annesine\u201d ithaf\u0131yla yollad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011freniyoruz. Muhibbe Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n \u201cmuz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u201d bir g\u00f6ndermedir bu. Muhibbe Darga, Ceram\u2019\u0131n Karatepe kaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ziyareti s\u0131ras\u0131nda, ona civar\u0131 gezdirmekle g\u00f6revlendirilir. Y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda, yollar\u0131 bir T\u00fcrkmen obas\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fer. Erkekler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya gitmi\u015ftir; kad\u0131nlar \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde yufka a\u00e7makta, ortal\u0131kta k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 dolanmaktad\u0131r. Bu otantik tablo Ceram\u2019\u0131, \u201cbitirir\u201d. \u00c7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n i\u00e7ini g\u00f6rmek ister, ama g\u00f6\u00e7er T\u00fcrkmen kad\u0131nlar\u0131 \u201cgavur\u201d adam\u0131 \u00e7ad\u0131rlara sokmak istemez. Muhibbe Darga\u2019n\u0131n muz\u0131r akl\u0131 imdada yeti\u015fir, Ceram\u2019la evli ve alt\u0131 \u00e7ocuk sahibi olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenini kazan\u0131r. Ceram, ikram edilen taze a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yufka ekme\u011fi i\u00e7indeki ke\u00e7i peynirinin tad\u0131n\u0131 unutmayacak, kitab\u0131nda da bu ya\u015fant\u0131y\u0131 s\u0131cak duygularla anacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n