{"id":22232,"date":"2018-03-24T00:10:51","date_gmt":"2018-03-23T21:10:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=22232"},"modified":"2018-04-20T14:37:02","modified_gmt":"2018-04-20T11:37:02","slug":"islamda-hile-yeter-ki-kitaba-uydur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/03\/24\/islamda-hile-yeter-ki-kitaba-uydur","title":{"rendered":"\u0130slam\u2019da hile:\u00a0Yeter ki kitaba uydur!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Caiz olan yalanlar\u2026 Sava\u015fta hile\u2026 K\u00e2fir ve z\u0131nd\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 her yol mubah\u2026 Yemine \u00e7al\u0131m atman\u0131n yollar\u0131\u2026 \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n yarar\u0131naysa r\u00fc\u015fvet serbest\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130slam hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131na g\u00f6re, hile ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131yor: \u201cH\u00eele-i \u015fer\u2019iyye\u201d, \u0130slam hukukunun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine uymakta bir engel ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ihtiyatl\u0131 davranmak i\u00e7in, yine hukukun g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ba\u015fka bir yoldan gitmek anlam\u0131na geliyor. Bir de \u201ch\u00eele-i b\u00e2t\u0131la\u201d var: Hukuki h\u00fck\u00fcmleri kurnazca kullanarak ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 iptal etmek, ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmak; \u00f6te yandan hukukun emrini yapmamak veya yasaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 irtikab etmeye deniyor. (Ekrem Bu\u011fra Ekinci, A\u00dc Erzincan Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi, 2006, C. X, S. 1-2, s.3-16). Birincisi caiz, ikincisi de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Ama konu bu kadar basit de\u011fil. \u201cH\u00eele-i \u015fer\u2019iyye\u201dnin kapsam\u0131 ve neyin \u201c\u015fer\u2019iyye\u201d neyin \u201cb\u00e2t\u0131la\u201d oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir tart\u0131\u015fma k\u00fclliyat\u0131 var. Ayr\u0131ca farkl\u0131 mezhep ve tarikatlar\u0131n farkl\u0131 yorum ve uygulamalar\u0131 da.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle \u00f6rnekleri, \u0130slamc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fczerinde anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, Kuran<\/em> ayetleri ve peygamber hadislerinden k\u00f6ken alanlardan verelim.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7 konuda yalan serbest<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7 konuda yalan s\u00f6ylenmesine ruhsat verildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir hadis (Hz. Muhammed\u2019in s\u00f6z\u00fc) \u015f\u00f6yle: \u201cYalan ancak \u00fc\u00e7 yerde caizdir: Bunlar, ki\u015finin kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fc almak i\u00e7in s\u00f6yledi\u011fi yalan, sava\u015f esnas\u0131nda s\u00f6ylenen yalan ve insanlar\u0131n aralar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurulan yaland\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda bu hadis \u0130slam\u2019da \u201ch\u00eele-i \u015fer\u2019iyye\u201dnin (harama d\u00fc\u015fmemek i\u00e7in kurtulu\u015f \u00e7aresi bulmak) kapsam\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar geni\u015f ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar bulan\u0131k oldu\u011funun bir kan\u0131t\u0131. \u201cD\u00fc\u015fmana kar\u015f\u0131 hile\u201d anla\u015f\u0131labilir, ama her t\u00fcrl\u00fc insan ili\u015fkisinde aray\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in ve hatta kocan\u0131n kar\u0131s\u0131na -g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fc almak i\u00e7in dahi olsa- yalan s\u00f6ylemesinin caiz olmas\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 iyice bulan\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130lgin\u00e7 bir nokta da hadiste sadece \u201ckocan\u0131n kar\u0131s\u0131na yalan s\u00f6ylemesinden\u201d s\u00f6z edilmesi. Kad\u0131n\u0131n kocas\u0131na -tabii ki yine g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fc almak i\u00e7in- yalan s\u00f6ylemesi tart\u0131\u015fma d\u0131\u015f\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Hz. Muhammed\u2019i Bedir Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda g\u00f6steren bir minyat\u00fcr (Siyer-i Nebi). \u0130slam hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131na g\u00f6re sava\u015fta hileye hi\u00e7bir s\u0131n\u0131r yoktur.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Hz. Muhammed: \u2018Sava\u015f hiledir\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Muhammed\u2019in \u201csava\u015f hiledir\u201d deyi\u015fi biliniyor. Hendek Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Beni Kureyza Yahudilerinin Eb\u00fb S\u00fcfyan saf\u0131na ge\u00e7tikleri Hz. Muhammed\u2019e haber verildi\u011finde, Peygamber\u2019in \u201cBelki de biz onlara bunu emretmi\u015fizdir\u201d dedi\u011fi, sonra Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019in bunu sormas\u0131 \u00fczerine \u201cSava\u015f hiledir, ya \u00d6mer\u201d diye yan\u0131t verdi\u011fi ve hadisin bu konu\u015fmadan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir.<\/p>\n

Bu hadis, t\u00fcm \u0130slam hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u0130slam dinini y\u00fcceltecek, \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131n haks\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na mani olacak hilelerin caiz oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ediyor; bu t\u00fcr hileler dinen yasal ve sava\u015fta hileye hi\u00e7bir s\u0131n\u0131r yok (Bu yorum \u0130slam hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131na ait).<\/p>\n

\u201cSava\u015f\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n (hele \u201ccihad\u201d kavram\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda) ne kadar geni\u015f oldu\u011fu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sava\u015f hilelerinin kapsam\u0131n\u0131n nerelere kadar geni\u015fleyebilece\u011fi konusundaki yorumu okurlar\u0131n hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcne b\u0131rakal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\u2018K\u00e2fir\u2019lere kar\u015f\u0131 her yol mubah<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00e2firlerden gelebilecek zarar\u0131 bertaraf etmek i\u00e7in onlara dostmu\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeye izin verilmesi, bizzat Kuran<\/em> kaynakl\u0131 bir hile ve \u015fu ayete dayan\u0131yor: \u201cM\u00fc\u2019minler, m\u00fc\u2019minleri b\u0131rak\u0131p da k\u00e2firleri dost edinmesinler. E\u011fer kim b\u00f6yle yaparsa, Allah kat\u0131nda onun hi\u00e7bir de\u011feri yoktur. Ancak onlardan gelebilecek bir tehlikeden sak\u0131nman\u0131z hali m\u00fcstesnad\u0131r\u2026\u201d (Al-i \u0130mran, 28)<\/p>\n

Bu da \u0130slam hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131nca \u201cHerhangi bir k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckten kurtulmak i\u00e7in ki\u015finin inand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksini g\u00f6stermesidir ki d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc itibariyle g\u00fcnah, isyan, maksad\u0131 ise Allah\u2019a itaattir. Buna iten sebep de can\u0131 veya mal\u0131 korumakt\u0131r.\u201d diye olumlanm\u0131\u015f. (Buhayr\u00ee, el-Hiyel<\/em>, Kahire, 1974, s.318-320)<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, bir kere \u0130slamc\u0131lara g\u00f6re k\u00e2fir, z\u0131nd\u0131k, d\u00fc\u015fman vb. diye nitelenirseniz, size kar\u015f\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hile-hurda, ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fck, \u00e7akall\u0131k, y\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k mubah.<\/p>\n

Yemine \u00e7al\u0131m atmak<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130slamc\u0131lar\u0131n \u201cyemin\u201d konusuna da ilgin\u00e7 bir yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 var. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcstatlardan biri \u015f\u00f6yle bulmu\u015f yolunu:<\/p>\n

\u201cBir \u015feyi yapmayaca\u011f\u0131na yemin eden ki\u015fi, onun bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yaparsa yeminini bozmu\u015f olmaz. Mesela, bir mal\u0131 almayaca\u011f\u0131na yemin eden ki\u015fi, mal\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131p bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakmas\u0131yla yeminini bozmu\u015f olmaz. Bu, yeminlerden kurtulu\u015f i\u00e7in bir esast\u0131r.\u201d (\u0130bn Kayyim, el-Cevziyye<\/em>, III, 193)<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi \u0130slamc\u0131 her konuda yemin edebilir; yeminin \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 tutmas\u0131 yeterlidir! Ortaya 1000 TL koydunuz ve yemin ettirdiniz o paray\u0131 almayaca\u011f\u0131na dair. 999,9 TL\u2019sini g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilir, yeminini de bozmu\u015f olmaz. 10 kuru\u015fla kal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z, Allah\u2019a bile havale edemezsiniz konuyu.<\/p>\n

\u0130lgin\u00e7 olan \u0130slam hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131n\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019\u0131 etmi\u015f bulundu\u011fu yeminden kurtarmaya kafay\u0131 takmas\u0131 ve bunu da a\u00e7\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6ylemesi. Demek ki \u201cbir yolunun bulunmas\u0131na\u201d dair \u00e7ok talep gelmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

\"\"
III. Murad\u2019\u0131n \u00e7izdirdi\u011fi bir minyat\u00fcr. Hz. Muhammed\u2019in Ay\u2019\u0131 ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fc resmedilmi\u015f.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0130slam\u2019\u0131n yarar\u0131naysa r\u00fc\u015fvete izin<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cR\u00fc\u015fvet\u201d konusuna da de\u011finmeden ge\u00e7meyelim. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n mal verilerek \u0130slam\u2019a \u00e7ekilmesi, bizzat Hz. Muhammed\u2019e atfedilerek caiz k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. Hadis \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n

\u201cBir kimse, Hz. Peygamber\u2019den iki da\u011f\u0131n aras\u0131n\u0131 dolduracak kadar \u00e7ok koyun istemi\u015fti. Hz. Peygamber (sav), onun bu iste\u011fini yerine getirdi. Bunun \u00fczerine o \u015fah\u0131s kavminin yan\u0131na gidip: \u2018Ey kavmim! M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olunuz! Allah\u2019a yemin ederim ki Muhammed hi\u00e7 fakirlikten korkmayarak ihsanda bulunuyor\u2019 demi\u015fti.\u201d (M\u00fcslim, Fezail<\/em>, 58)<\/p>\n

Bu hadis, \u201cResulullah insanlar\u0131n \u0130slam\u2019a girebilmesi i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle bir vas\u0131taya ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur\u201d diye yorumlanarak r\u00fc\u015fvete izin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Yorum bize ait de\u011fil, \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrleri yapm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Mesele \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n yarar\u0131ysa, gerisi teferruat\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Caiz olan yalanlar\u2026 Sava\u015fta hile\u2026 K\u00e2fir ve z\u0131nd\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 her yol mubah\u2026 Yemine \u00e7al\u0131m atman\u0131n yollar\u0131\u2026 \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n yarar\u0131naysa r\u00fc\u015fvet serbest\u2026 \u0130slam hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131na g\u00f6re, hile ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131yor: \u201cH\u00eele-i \u015fer\u2019iyye\u201d, \u0130slam hukukunun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine uymakta bir engel ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ihtiyatl\u0131 davranmak i\u00e7in, yine hukukun g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ba\u015fka bir yoldan gitmek anlam\u0131na geliyor. Bir de \u201ch\u00eele-i b\u00e2t\u0131la\u201d var: Hukuki h\u00fck\u00fcmleri […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":22235,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2314,224,222],"tags":[2700,556,2701,2699],"class_list":["post-22232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-oykuleri","category-din-ve-dinler-tarihi","category-tarih","tag-hz-muhammed","tag-islam","tag-islam-hukuku","tag-islamda-hile"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t