{"id":2247,"date":"2015-03-11T10:00:46","date_gmt":"2015-03-11T08:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=2247"},"modified":"2015-03-11T10:00:46","modified_gmt":"2015-03-11T08:00:46","slug":"antik-kentler-modern-kentlerle-ayni-matematiksel-kurala-uyuyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2015\/03\/11\/antik-kentler-modern-kentlerle-ayni-matematiksel-kurala-uyuyor","title":{"rendered":"Antik kentler modern kentlerle ayn\u0131 matematiksel kurala uyuyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6rsel: <\/strong>\u201cAztek Ba\u015fkenti Tenochtitlan\u2019da Canl\u0131 Bir Pazaryeri\u201d [1987, H.Tom Hall (1932-2010), National Geographic sanat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131] <\/p>\n

Gezegenin en kalabal\u0131k metropollerinden biri olan Mexico City, 15. y\u00fczy\u0131l Aztek ba\u015fkenti Tenochtitlan\u2019\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnde y\u00fckseliyor. Bu iki \u015fehrin pek de ortak noktas\u0131 yokmu\u015f gibi dursa da, yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re bu \u015fehirler ayn\u0131 matematiksel form\u00fcle uyuyor. Biliminsanlar\u0131, temelde k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, y\u00f6netimsel ve teknolojik olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck farklar\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, hem antik hem de modern kentin \u00fcretkenli\u011finin pop\u00fclasyonundan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc buldu. Bulgu, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fehir merkezlerinin \u00fcretkenli\u011finin geli\u015ftirilmesinde rehberlik edebilir.
\n\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, Boston \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden David Carballo, \u201cBunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum\u201d diyor. \u201cBurada yerle\u015fimin nas\u0131l iyi olaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz \u015fehir planlamac\u0131lar\u0131na mesaj olacak baz\u0131 e\u011filimler var.\u201d
\nBiliminsanlar\u0131 modern kentlerde bu \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc g\u00f6zlemledikten sonra, arkeologlar bu e\u011filimin antik kentler i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 merak etti. Colorado \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden arkeolog Scott Ortman\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Mexico City\u2019sini \u00e7evreleyen havza i\u00e7erisinde 2000 y\u0131ldan daha uzun bir s\u00fcre boyunca var olmu\u015f binlerce antik kenti tasvir eden arkeolojik verileri tarad\u0131lar. Bu b\u00f6lgenin sakinleri, pek \u00e7o\u011funun kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan muazzam piramitleri ve tap\u0131naklar\u0131 in\u015faa eden becerikli mimarlard\u0131. Kentli halk\u0131n maddi m\u00fclkiyetinin \u00e7a\u011flar i\u00e7inde yok olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar her bir yerle\u015fimin verimlili\u011fi i\u00e7in bir temsil -abidelerin ve \u015fehirlilerin evlerinin say\u0131s\u0131 ve boyutlar\u0131 gibi- kulland\u0131lar.
\nB\u00fcy\u00fck antik kentlerde, ekibin Science Advanced\u2019e belirtti\u011fi \u00fczere, ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen abide say\u0131s\u0131 daha fazlayd\u0131, evler ve abideler daha geni\u015fti; bunun anlam\u0131 \u015fehir i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015ftan \u00f6te bir \u00fcretkenlik art\u0131\u015f\u0131na eri\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu e\u011filim, birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz insan\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kasabalardan y\u00fcz binlerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fkentlere pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ebatlarda yerle\u015fim yerinde belirgindi.
\nY\u00fczeysel olarak, antik kentler b\u00fcg\u00fcn\u00fcn teknoloji tabanl\u0131 metropolleriyle \u00e7ok az ortak noktaya sahiptir. Tenochtitlan\u2019\u0131n n\u00fcfusu 200.000 civar\u0131ndayd\u0131, i\u015flek bir pazar yeri, \u0131zgara bi\u00e7iminde yo\u011fun yollardan ve kanallardan olu\u015fuyordu. Ancak modern teknolojileri ve y\u00fck hayvanlar\u0131 yoktu ve ekonomileri a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak tar\u0131m \u00fcst\u00fcneydi. Ne var ki, insan\u0131n sosyal hayat\u0131n\u0131n mutlak resmi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte \u00e7a\u011flar boyunca ayn\u0131 kald\u0131. \u00c7a\u011flar aras\u0131ndaki u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z farkl\u0131l\u0131klara ra\u011fmen, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar modern ve antik kentlerin y\u00fcksek verimlili\u011fini ayn\u0131 matematiksel denklemle modelleyebildiler. Bu belki de, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirde sosyalle\u015fmek i\u00e7in uza\u011fa gitmek zorunda kalmamak ve ona mahallelerden ula\u015fabilmek i\u00e7indi.
\nOrtman \u201cNew York gibi yerleri olu\u015fturan temel i\u015flemlerin ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ba\u015fka bir yerindeki antik \u00e7ift\u00e7i kasabalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 inan\u0131lmaz\u201d diyor.
\nArizona Devlet \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya dahil olmayan arkeolog Micheal Smith ise \u201cAra\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n esas\u0131 sebebiyle, \u015fehirleri daha \u00f6nce yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan daha temel bir yolla anlamaya \u00e7ok yak\u0131n\u0131z\u201d diyor.
\nAra\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u015fehirlerin nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011finin anlaman\u0131n onlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmekte bize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, farkl\u0131 tiplerde antik \u015fehir merkezleri \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak mimarlara insanlar\u0131n daha kolay sosyalle\u015fece\u011fi toplumsal alanlar\u0131 ve \u015fehir i\u00e7i hareket ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 altyap\u0131y\u0131 in\u015faa etmelerinde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7eviren: Nazan Mahsereci
\nBilgi \u00dcnv. Matematik Blm Doktora<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong> http:\/\/news.sciencemag.org\/archaeology\/2015\/02\/ancient-and-modern-cities-obeyed-same-mathematical-rule<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6rsel: \u201cAztek Ba\u015fkenti Tenochtitlan\u2019da Canl\u0131 Bir Pazaryeri\u201d [1987, H.Tom Hall (1932-2010), National Geographic sanat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131] Gezegenin en kalabal\u0131k metropollerinden biri olan Mexico City, 15. y\u00fczy\u0131l Aztek ba\u015fkenti Tenochtitlan\u2019\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnde y\u00fckseliyor. Bu iki \u015fehrin pek de ortak noktas\u0131 yokmu\u015f gibi dursa da, yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re bu \u015fehirler ayn\u0131 matematiksel form\u00fcle uyuyor. Biliminsanlar\u0131, temelde k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, y\u00f6netimsel […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2248,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,25,234],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2247","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-matematik","category-mimarlik-mimarlik-tarihi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t