{"id":22555,"date":"2018-04-01T09:00:10","date_gmt":"2018-04-01T06:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=22555"},"modified":"2018-04-20T14:36:33","modified_gmt":"2018-04-20T11:36:33","slug":"fermatnin-son-teoreminin-odulu-nasil-konmustu-intihari-unutturan-teorem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/04\/01\/fermatnin-son-teoreminin-odulu-nasil-konmustu-intihari-unutturan-teorem","title":{"rendered":"Fermat\u2019n\u0131n Son Teoremi\u2019nin \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc nas\u0131l konmu\u015ftu?\u00a0\u0130ntihar\u0131 unutturan teorem!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alman sanayici Paul Wolfskelh bir matematik merakl\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Bir kad\u0131na tutulmu\u015f ama a\u015fk\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ntihara karar verdi ve g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc-saatini belirledi. \u0130\u015flerini ayarlad\u0131, vasiyetini ve veda mektuplar\u0131n\u0131 yazd\u0131. Birka\u00e7 saati kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Eline Fermat\u2019n\u0131n Son Teoremi ile ilgili bir kitap ald\u0131\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

Frans\u0131z amat\u00f6r matematik\u00e7i Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665) ortaya bir soru atar: \u00a0E\u011fer n ikiden b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tam say\u0131ysa ve x, y, z say\u0131lar\u0131 pozitif tam say\u0131lar ise xn<\/sup> + yn<\/sup> = zn<\/sup> ifadesinin sa\u011flanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. \u00dcstelik bu \u00f6nermenin kan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n bulunabilece\u011fi umudunu uyand\u0131ran bir de not b\u0131rak\u0131r. Kendisi kan\u0131t\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur ama yeri kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yazamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Fermat\u2019n\u0131n Son Teoremi diye tarihe ge\u00e7en bu \u00f6nerme 300 k\u00fcsur y\u0131l boyunca matematik\u00e7ileri u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz matematik\u00e7i Andrew Wiles, (Fermat zaman\u0131nda bilinmesine olanak olmayan) \u00e7ok geli\u015fmi\u015f matematik teknikler kullanarak uzmanlarca do\u011frulu\u011fu kabul g\u00f6ren bir kan\u0131t vermeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yk\u00fcm\u00fcz teoremle de\u011fil, teoremi kan\u0131tlayacak ki\u015fiye verilecek y\u00fckl\u00fc miktardaki para \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn nas\u0131l kondu\u011fuyla ilgili.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Alman sanayici Paul Wolfskehl bir matematik merakl\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0130ntihara g\u00f6t\u00fcren kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z a\u015fk<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alman sanayici Paul Wolfskehl bir matematik merakl\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 bir ticaret imparatorlu\u011fu kurmaya adasa da profesyonel matematik\u00e7ilerle ili\u015fkisini hep s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve bir amat\u00f6r olarak say\u0131lar kuram\u0131yla ilgilenmi\u015fti. Y\u0131llard\u0131r \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc bulunamayan Fermat\u2019n\u0131n Son Teoremi de \u00f6zel ilgi alan\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yk\u00fc, Wolfskehl\u2019in kimli\u011fi bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenilememi\u015f g\u00fczel bir kad\u0131na tutulmas\u0131yla ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Fakat bu esrarengiz kad\u0131n Wolfskehl\u2019in a\u015fk\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z b\u0131rakt\u0131; o da derin bir h\u00fczne kap\u0131l\u0131p intihar etmeye karar verdi. Aceleci de\u011fildi; \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc en ince ayr\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na kadar planlad\u0131. \u0130ntihar an\u0131n\u0131 da belirledi. O g\u00fcn geldi\u011finde saat tam gece yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 vururken kafas\u0131na s\u0131kacakt\u0131. Geri kalan g\u00fcnlerinde b\u00fct\u00fcn ticari i\u015flerini yoluna koydu. Son g\u00fcnde de vasiyetini yazd\u0131, yak\u0131n dostlar\u0131na ve ailesine verilecek mektuplar\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Son birka\u00e7 saatte ne yapmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Wolfskehl her \u015feyi o kadar iyi haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ki, gece yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar birka\u00e7 saati daha vard\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde. Vakit ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in k\u00fct\u00fcphanesine gidip matematik yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Fermat\u2019n\u0131n Son Teoremi\u2019ne ili\u015fkin, Cauchy ve Lame\u2019nin yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan Kummer\u2019in klasikle\u015fmi\u015f makalesini okumaya koyuldu.<\/p>\n

Wolfskelhl yaz\u0131daki hesaplar\u0131 sat\u0131r sat\u0131r incelerken birden irkildi; sanki bir mant\u0131k bo\u015flu\u011fu vard\u0131. Kummer bir varsay\u0131m yapm\u0131\u015f, ama arg\u00fcman\u0131ndaki bir ad\u0131m\u0131 gerek\u00e7elendirmeden b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Merak i\u00e7indeydi, acaba ciddi bir hata m\u0131 ke\u015ffetmi\u015fti, yoksa Kummer\u2019in varsay\u0131m\u0131 asl\u0131nda do\u011frulanmakta m\u0131yd\u0131? E\u011fer ilk ihtimal ge\u00e7erliyse, Fermat\u2019n\u0131n Son Teoremi\u2019ni ispatlamak bir\u00e7oklar\u0131n\u0131n sand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha kolay olabilirdi.<\/p>\n

Oturup Kummer\u2019in ispat\u0131ndaki kesin olmayan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc incelemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn dikkatini bir mini-ispat geli\u015ftirmeye verdi; b\u00f6ylece ya Kummer\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sa\u011flamla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olacak ya da varsay\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Matematik ya\u015fat\u0131r!<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eafak s\u00f6kerken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Matematik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan k\u00f6t\u00fc bir sonu\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ortaya: Kummer\u2019in ispat\u0131 tamir edilebildi ve Son Teorem eri\u015filmez konumunu korumu\u015f oldu. Ama bir de iyi sonu\u00e7 vard\u0131: \u0130ntihar saati \u00e7oktan gelip ge\u00e7mi\u015fti ve Wolfskehl b\u00fcy\u00fck matematik\u00e7i Kummer\u2019in eserinde bir bo\u015fluk ke\u015ffedip sonra da bunu d\u00fczeltmi\u015f olmaktan b\u00fcy\u00fck gurur duyuyordu.<\/p>\n

Bu duygu ona ya\u015fama iste\u011fini geri vermi\u015f, intihar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z a\u015fk\u0131n ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da unutuvermi\u015fti. B\u00fct\u00fcn veda mektuplar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131rt\u0131p att\u0131 ve vasiyetini yeniden kaleme ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131llar sonra, 1908\u2019de \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bu yeni vasiyetname a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p okundu ve Wolfskehl ailesinde tam bir \u015fok yaratt\u0131. Paul Wolfskehl servetinin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 Fermat\u2019n\u0131n Son Teoremi\u2019ni \u00e7\u00f6zecek ki\u015fiye verilmek \u00fczere \u00f6d\u00fcl olarak b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu \u015fekilde hayat\u0131n\u0131 kurtaran teoreme borcunu \u00f6demi\u015f oluyordu.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, matematik ya\u015famd\u0131r!<\/p>\n

Kaynak<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) Simon Singh, \u201cFermat\u2019n\u0131n Son Teoremi\u201d, \u00c7ev. Sabir Y\u00fccesoy, Pan Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, Ekim 2001, \u0130stanbul<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alman sanayici Paul Wolfskelh bir matematik merakl\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Bir kad\u0131na tutulmu\u015f ama a\u015fk\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ntihara karar verdi ve g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc-saatini belirledi. \u0130\u015flerini ayarlad\u0131, vasiyetini ve veda mektuplar\u0131n\u0131 yazd\u0131. Birka\u00e7 saati kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Eline Fermat\u2019n\u0131n Son Teoremi ile ilgili bir kitap ald\u0131\u2026 Frans\u0131z amat\u00f6r matematik\u00e7i Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665) ortaya bir soru atar: \u00a0E\u011fer n ikiden b\u00fcy\u00fck bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":22556,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2314,25],"tags":[2744,2745,2743],"class_list":["post-22555","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-oykuleri","category-matematik","tag-fermatnin-son-teoremi","tag-paul-wolfskehl","tag-pierre-de-fermat"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t