{"id":22721,"date":"2018-04-05T00:41:04","date_gmt":"2018-04-04T21:41:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=22721"},"modified":"2018-04-05T17:49:34","modified_gmt":"2018-04-05T14:49:34","slug":"tarihoncesi-bir-topluluk-sakat-cocuklari-krallar-gibi-defnetmis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/04\/05\/tarihoncesi-bir-topluluk-sakat-cocuklari-krallar-gibi-defnetmis","title":{"rendered":"Tarih\u00f6ncesi bir topluluk sakat \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 krallar gibi defnetmi\u015f\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 34 biny\u0131l \u00f6nce bir grup avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131, fiziksel sakatl\u0131klar\u0131 olan iki erkek \u00e7ocuk da dahil, \u00f6l\u00fclerini b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6zenle g\u00f6md\u00fc. Ne var ki, yeni bir bulu\u015fa g\u00f6re, o\u011flanlar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a farkl\u0131 g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n dedi\u011fine g\u00f6re, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 10-12 ya\u015flar\u0131ndaki erkek \u00e7ocuklar, 10 binden fazla fildi\u015fi (mamut) boncuk, 20\u2019den fazla kol band\u0131, 300 civar\u0131nda delinmi\u015f tilki di\u015fi, 16 fildi\u015fi (mamut) m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131, oyma sanat eserleri, geyik boynuzlar\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs hizas\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (insana ait) bald\u0131r kemikleri gibi zenginliklerle dolu, ince uzun bir mezarda kafa kafaya g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fcler.<\/p>\n

Kar\u015f\u0131t bi\u00e7imde, grupta daha fazla ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve daha fazla katk\u0131 sunmu\u015f olabilecek fiziksel yeterlili\u011fe sahip, en fazla 40 ya\u015flar\u0131ndaki ya\u015fl\u0131 bir adam\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131nda, \u00e7ok daha az hazine vard\u0131: Yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 bin fildi\u015fi (mamut) boncuk, 12 delinmi\u015f k\u00f6pek-di\u015fi, 25 fildi\u015fi (mamut) kol band\u0131 ve bir ta\u015f kolye.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131 ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Louis\u2019teki Washington \u00dcniversitesi Antropoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden Prof. Erik Trinkaus, Live Science<\/em>\u2019tan Laura Geggel\u2019a \u201c\u00d6l\u00fc g\u00f6mme davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan \u00f6yle anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki, yeti\u015fkinlerin cenazeleri \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n cenazelerinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131yd\u0131\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Sunghir\u2019deki cenazeler, bu 40\u2019l\u0131 ya\u015flardaki ya\u015fl\u0131 erkek de dahil, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 toprak boyayla kaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sunghir g\u00f6m\u00fcleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Sunghir g\u00f6m\u00fclerini yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131ld\u0131r biliyor. Orta-\u00fcst paleolitik d\u00f6neme tarihli g\u00f6m\u00fcler Vladimir\u2019in kuzeydo\u011fu kenar mahallelerindedir ve 1957\u2019den 1977\u2019ye dek kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n dikkate ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, yakla\u015f\u0131k 34 biny\u0131l evvel, s\u00f6z konusu avc\u0131 toplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanda, b\u00f6lge \u00f6nceki ve sonraki buzul d\u00f6nemleri aras\u0131nda biraz daha s\u0131cak bir evreden ge\u00e7iyordu. S\u0131cak hava, tarih\u00f6ncesi insanlar\u0131n mezarlar\u0131 nas\u0131l kazabildiklerini k\u0131smen a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. \u201cAksi takdirde donmu\u015f zeminde bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmazd\u0131\u201d diye ekliyorlar.<\/p>\n

Sungir\u2019de, toplamda 10 kad\u0131n ve erkek g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc. \u201cFakat iki \u00e7ocu\u011fun g\u00f6m\u00fcleri di\u011ferlerinden katbekat fazla, harikulade zenginliklere sahip\u201d diyor ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n, k\u0131sa \u00f6m\u00fcrlerinde kendilerini s\u0131n\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f fiziksel engelleri de mevcut.<\/p>\n

Di\u015f mineleri analizlerine g\u00f6re, \u00e7ocuklar, tekrar eden zaman aral\u0131klar\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 stres alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015flar. Dahas\u0131, Lomonosov Moskova Devlet \u00dcniversitesi Antropoloji b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden Alexandra Buzhilova\u2019n\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re,10 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocu\u011fun uylukkemikleri (bald\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00e7.n.) son derece e\u011fik ve k\u0131sa. \u00d6te yandan, iskeleti \u00fczerindeki analizlerin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u00fczere, daha gen\u00e7 olan\u0131 ise fiziksel olarak aktifti.<\/p>\n

\u201c12 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocu\u011fun di\u015flerinde neredeyse hi\u00e7 y\u0131pranma yoktu, ki bize benzemeyen bi\u00e7imde, bu zamandaki insanlar\u0131n di\u015fleri \u00e7abucak a\u015f\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131\u201d diyor Trinkaus ve ekliyor, \u201ciskeleti \u00fczerindeki analizlerin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u00fczere \u00e7ocuk yatalakt\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

Olas\u0131d\u0131r ki grup, 12 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki o\u011flan\u0131 lapa gibi yumu\u015fak yiyeceklerle besliyordu; fakat Trinkaus\u2019un dedi\u011fine g\u00f6re \u201cson derece hareketli bir avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131 grupta yatalak gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bir bireyin olmas\u0131 da tuhaf.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sayg\u0131n cenazeler<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu iki \u00e7ocuk, bu zaman aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bulunan, sakatl\u0131klara sahip tek g\u00f6m\u00fcler de\u011filler. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada yazd\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201cdo\u011frusu, orta paleolitikte, geli\u015fimle alakal\u0131 yahut bozulma e\u011filimi olan anormalliklere sahip bireyler g\u00f6m\u00fc kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda, iyi korunmu\u015f bireylerin \u00fc\u00e7te birine g\u00f6re, nispeten yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n dedi\u011fine g\u00f6re, daha gen\u00e7 olan bireylerin b\u00f6ylesi definleri, bu zamanda pek yayg\u0131n de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n as\u0131l ilgisini \u00e7eken g\u00f6m\u00fc eserlerinin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fiydi. Kimi bireylerin hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi yokken, baz\u0131 bireylerin biraz tilki k\u00f6pek-di\u015fleri ve fildi\u015fleri (mamut) vard\u0131. Trinkaus\u2019a g\u00f6re bu, sosyal \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe i\u015faret ediyor, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc insanlara \u00f6l\u00fcmde nas\u0131l muamele edildi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor ve muhtemelen ya\u015famda da bu \u015fekildeydi.<\/p>\n

New Mexico \u00dcniversitesi Antropoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya dahil olmam\u0131\u015f, sayg\u0131n bir emekli profes\u00f6r olan Lawrence Straus diyor ki, \u201cBuluntular g\u00f6steriyor ki orta-\u00fcst paleolitikte abart\u0131l\u0131 bir mezara sahip olman\u0131z i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck erkek bir avc\u0131 olman\u0131z gerekli de\u011fildi.\u201d Live Science<\/em>\u2019a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re, \u201cBu durumda ergenler -sakatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan yahut fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen hastal\u0131klara sahip bireyler\u2013 dikkat \u00e7ekici bir bak\u0131m g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlard\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 34 biny\u0131l \u00f6nce bir grup avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131, fiziksel sakatl\u0131klar\u0131 olan iki erkek \u00e7ocuk da dahil, \u00f6l\u00fclerini b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6zenle g\u00f6md\u00fc. Ne var ki, yeni bir bulu\u015fa g\u00f6re, o\u011flanlar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a farkl\u0131 g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015flerdi. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n dedi\u011fine g\u00f6re, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 10-12 ya\u015flar\u0131ndaki erkek \u00e7ocuklar, 10 binden fazla fildi\u015fi (mamut) boncuk, 20\u2019den fazla kol band\u0131, 300 civar\u0131nda delinmi\u015f tilki di\u015fi, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":673,"featured_media":22723,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[211,19],"tags":[243,230,2772],"class_list":["post-22721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antropoloji","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-antropoloji","tag-insanlik-tarihi","tag-olu-gomme"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22721","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/673"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22721"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22721\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22723"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22721"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22721"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22721"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}