{"id":22818,"date":"2018-04-09T00:00:37","date_gmt":"2018-04-08T21:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=22818"},"modified":"2018-04-09T11:59:10","modified_gmt":"2018-04-09T08:59:10","slug":"yeryuzundeki-levhalar-nasil-harekete-gecti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/04\/09\/yeryuzundeki-levhalar-nasil-harekete-gecti","title":{"rendered":"Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki levhalar nas\u0131l harekete ge\u00e7ti?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tektonik levhalar\u0131n D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fczeyi boyunca hareketini neyin tetikledi\u011finin \u00fczerindeki s\u0131r perdesi Sidney \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sidney \u00dcniversitesi Yerbilimleri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden Prof. Patrice Rey, \u201cD\u00fcnya, G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nde levha tektoni\u011fi (levha hareketleri) s\u00fcrecinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi tek gezegen\u201d diyor. \u201cJeolojik kay\u0131tlar D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n kabu\u011funun 3 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar hareketsiz oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Bu durumda b\u00f6ylesine nadir bir fenomenin nas\u0131l tetiklendi\u011fi on y\u0131llard\u0131r yerbilimcileri b\u00fcy\u00fclemekteydi. Biz bu olay\u0131n D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n erken d\u00f6nemlerindeki k\u0131talar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131yla tetiklendi\u011fini ve sonras\u0131nda kendi kendine s\u00fcregelen bir s\u00fcrecin meydana geldi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz.\u201d<\/p>\n

Prof. Rey\u2019in ba\u015fyazar\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve bulgular\u0131 i\u00e7eren makale Nature<\/em> dergisinde yay\u0131mland\u0131. Makalenin di\u011fer yazarlar\u0131 yine Yerbilimleri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden Nicolar Flament ve Lyon \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Nicolas Coltice.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n manto tabakas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde toplam sekiz b\u00fcy\u00fck tektonik levha var. Bunlar her sene 150 milimetreye varan miktarlarda hareket ediyorlar. Basit\u00e7e, s\u00fcre\u00e7 levhalar\u0131n belirli noktalarda mantonun i\u00e7erisine s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmesini ve birbirlerinden uzakla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eriyor. Bu durum \u201cta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 bant\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Levha hareketleri kayalar\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k aras\u0131ndaki ters ili\u015fkiye dayan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Okyanus ortas\u0131 s\u0131rtlar\u0131ndaki kayalar\u0131n s\u0131cak ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yo\u011funluklu olmas\u0131, onlar\u0131n batmadan y\u00fczmelerine olanak tan\u0131r. Kayalar s\u0131rtlardan uzakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a giderek so\u011fur ve yo\u011funluklar\u0131 artar. Yo\u011funla\u015fan kayalar \u00fczerinde y\u00fczd\u00fckleri s\u0131cak mantonun yo\u011funlu\u011funu a\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda, mantonun i\u00e7ine do\u011fru batarlar. Fakat 3 ila 4 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6nce, D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 daha s\u0131cak ve volkanik aktiviteler daha bask\u0131nd\u0131. Bu \u015fartlarda tektonik levhalar kendili\u011finden batmalar\u0131na izin verecek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde so\u011fuyup yo\u011funla\u015fam\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u201cYani tektonik levhalar\u0131n itici motoru yoktu\u201d diyor Prof. Rey. \u201cBunun yerine kal\u0131n ve batmaz erken d\u00f6nem k\u0131talar\u0131 hareketsiz plakalar\u0131n ortas\u0131nda p\u00fcsk\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Bizim modelimiz \u00e7evredeki plakalar \u00fczerindeki ana gerilimin bu erken d\u00f6nem k\u0131talar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Bu k\u0131talar batmaz olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in yatay d\u00fczlemde yay\u0131larak biti\u015fik levhalar \u00fczerine uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 kuvvetle onlar\u0131n kenar b\u00f6lgeleri \u00fczerinde y\u00fckseldiler. Erken d\u00f6nem k\u0131talar\u0131n\u0131n bu yay\u0131lmas\u0131 levha tektoni\u011fi kuram\u0131n\u0131n eksik b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor olabilir. D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n so\u011fumas\u0131 ve kabuk ile levha mantosunun a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fmas\u0131yla levha tektonikleri kendi kendine s\u00fcregelen bir s\u00fcrece d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fczey \u015fekillerini meydana getirmi\u015ftir ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 devam etmektedir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bu yeni model, yerbilimleri toplulu\u011funu uzun s\u00fcredir \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtan \u00f6zellikleri a\u00e7\u0131klayan bir dizi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcye de sahip.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tektonik levhalar\u0131n D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fczeyi boyunca hareketini neyin tetikledi\u011finin \u00fczerindeki s\u0131r perdesi Sidney \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Sidney \u00dcniversitesi Yerbilimleri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden Prof. Patrice Rey, \u201cD\u00fcnya, G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nde levha tektoni\u011fi (levha hareketleri) s\u00fcrecinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi tek gezegen\u201d diyor. \u201cJeolojik kay\u0131tlar D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n kabu\u011funun 3 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar hareketsiz oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Bu durumda b\u00f6ylesine nadir bir fenomenin nas\u0131l tetiklendi\u011fi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":677,"featured_media":22819,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[165,19,217,232],"tags":[2788,422,1185],"class_list":["post-22818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-128-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","category-cevre-bilimleri","category-yerbilimleri","tag-levha-hareketleri","tag-yerin-evrimi","tag-yeryuzu"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t