Hik\u00e2yelerini okurken \u201c\u0130stanbul\u2019u dinliyorum\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm \u201cfakat g\u00f6zlerim a\u00e7\u0131k\u201d, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc elimde tuttu\u011fum kitap, hepsi birer hik\u00e2yeye ilham verebilecek elli foto\u011frafl\u0131k bir alb\u00fcm ayn\u0131 zamanda. Nar Photos grubu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u201cfoto\u011fraf harek\u00e2t\u0131\u201d ile \u201ckentli say\u0131lmayanlar\u0131\u201d \u015fimdilik kentle ayn\u0131 karelerde yakalayabilmi\u015f. \u00d6zcan Yurdalan kitab\u0131n kapan\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131nda bu u\u011fra\u015fa dair \u201cartniyet\u201di \u00f6zetlerken \u201cfoto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n en eski meraklar\u0131ndan biri, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerin g\u00f6rsel kayd\u0131n\u0131 tutmakt\u0131r; bir t\u00fcr sosyolojik ilgi say\u0131labilecek bu merak\u0131n k\u00f6keninde \u00f6tekini anlama iste\u011fi bulundu\u011fu kadar radikal bir itiraz ve de\u011fi\u015ftirme ihtiyac\u0131 da bulunur,\u201d diyor. Ger\u00e7ekten de bu foto\u011fraflar kentin kimi zaman \u00e7eperlerinde, kimi zaman tam orta yerinde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ko\u015fu\u015fturmaca i\u00e7inde dikkatimizi pek veremedi\u011fimiz insan manzaralar\u0131n\u0131 sanki d\u00fcrb\u00fcnle bak\u0131yormu\u015f\u00e7as\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor bize.<\/p>\n
Tan\u0131l Bora\u2019n\u0131n kitab\u0131 olu\u015fturan fikrin geli\u015fimini de anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sunu\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131ndan anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6re maksat, muhafazak\u00e2r s\u00f6ylemli iktidar\u0131n rant ve sermaye \u00fcretimine d\u00f6n\u00fck in\u015faat ekonomi politi\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 \u201cyerinde \u0131slah\u201d talebine bir i\u00e7erik kazand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p daha y\u00fcksek sesle dile getirilmesi ve kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme kar\u015f\u0131 direni\u015fin dayana\u011f\u0131 say\u0131lan \u201cbar\u0131nma hakk\u0131\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n zenginle\u015ftirmesi, anlam alan\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi \u00e7abalar\u0131na bir katk\u0131da bulunmak. Bu ama\u00e7la foto\u011fraflar\u0131n yan\u0131na meseleye kafa yoran akademisyenlerin, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n, gazetecilerin tablolar ve grafiklerle bo\u011fulmam\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131lar\u0131yla, edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n deneme ve hik\u00e2yelerini de katarak izahl\u0131, \u00f6rnekli bir alb\u00fcm olu\u015fturulmu\u015f.<\/p>\n
Kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, toplumu tarihsizle\u015ftirebilir mi? <\/strong><\/p>\n Gaye Boral\u0131o\u011flu, Mine S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct, Cihan Akta\u015f, Hakan B\u0131\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131, Turgut Y\u00fcksel, Haydar Erg\u00fclen, Semih Ak\u015feker kimi deneme, kimi kurgu metinlerinde genellikle kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn neden oldu\u011fu alt \u00fcst olu\u015f i\u00e7inde, daha \u00e7ok da bu alt\u00fcst olu\u015fun yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ma\u011fduriyetleri \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kararak insanl\u0131k hallerini yakalamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flar. Edebiyat\u0131m\u0131zda bir tema etraf\u0131nda bu \u015fekilde kitap olarak bir araya getirilmi\u015f metinlerle s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131yoruz. Bu metinleri bir arada okuyunca mek\u00e2nla birlikte, tarihin, kenti yaratan ve yeniden \u00fcreten toplum dokusunun, belle\u011fin, de\u011ferler sisteminin de \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmekte oldu\u011funu, baz\u0131 unsurlar\u0131n geri d\u00f6nmeyecek bi\u00e7imde ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131nsa ba\u015fka \u015fekillere b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc daha a\u00e7\u0131k hissedebiliyoruz. Kitab\u0131n edebiyat k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda kalem oynatmay\u0131 alan\u0131n ilgililerine b\u0131rakmadan \u00f6nce, Tomris Uyar\u2019\u0131n daha \u00f6nce okudu\u011fum bir paragraf\u0131n\u0131 an\u0131msamamla birlikte bende olu\u015fan, edebiyat\u0131n do\u011frudan kendisiyle alakal\u0131 bir kayg\u0131ya da de\u011finmek istedim. Tomris Uyar, notlar\u0131ndan birine \u201cbir kentin mimarisiyle o kentte ya\u015fayanlar aras\u0131nda ne t\u00fcr bir etkile\u015fim vard\u0131r?\u201d sorusuyla ba\u015flay\u0131p kendi sorusunu \u015f\u00f6yle cevapl\u0131yordu: \u201cGe\u00e7mi\u015fin ya da \u015fimdinin yetkin yap\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6z att\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n\/edebiyat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fisel \u00fcslubunda, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kentin izlerini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Kent; yap\u0131lar\u0131, caddeleri, sokaklar\u0131, genel havas\u0131yla, \u00e7ok \u00f6zel ve farkl\u0131 \u00fcsluplara damgas\u0131n\u0131 basm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r sanki. O kadar\u0131na ki yazar \u00f6yk\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7ti\u011fi kentin ad\u0131n\u0131 vermese bile, diyelim Kuzey Avrupa\u2019da m\u0131, Orta Avrupa\u2019da m\u0131, Amerika\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde mi, Akdeniz y\u00f6resinde mi oldu\u011funu ilk birka\u00e7 paragrafta sezeriz. Yazar\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n ya da yap\u0131t\u0131n ba\u015fki\u015filerinin adlar\u0131n\u0131n verdi\u011fi basit ipu\u00e7lar\u0131nda s\u00f6z etmiyorum tabii. Bir \u00f6rnek gerekirse, Cortazar ile Marquez kendi \u00fclkelerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fay\u0131p yazsalar da yap\u0131tlar\u0131nda \u201cilk\u201d kentlerinin seslerini, kokular\u0131n\u0131, renklerini yakalayabiliyorsunuz, anlat\u0131lan mek\u00e2nlar bamba\u015fka, edebiyata bak\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 olsa bile.\u201d (1)<\/p>\n Kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, bu s\u00fcreci ba\u015flatan, y\u00f6neten iktidarlar\u0131n ve arkalar\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 odaklar\u0131n\u0131n arzular\u0131na uygun bi\u00e7imde sonu\u00e7lan\u0131rsa ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kentten geriye \u00fczerimizde nas\u0131l bir iz kalacak, sanat\/edebiyat yap\u0131tlar\u0131nda nas\u0131l ve ne kadar takip edilebilecek? Bu kitab\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer alan edebi metinler elli y\u0131l sonra ne ifade edecek okuyanlar i\u00e7in? Bug\u00fcn bile yans\u0131tt\u0131klar\u0131 mek\u00e2n\u0131 ve zaman\u0131 anlamakta zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Sait Faik\u2019in, Tanp\u0131nar\u2019\u0131n, Attil\u00e2 \u0130lhan\u2019\u0131n, Leyl\u00e2 Erbil\u2019in, Orhan Pamuk\u2019un yazd\u0131klar\u0131 nas\u0131l alg\u0131lanabilecek? Baz\u0131 yap\u0131lar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 veya baz\u0131 sokaklar\u0131n kapanmas\u0131, yenilerinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 meselesi de\u011fil anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m. \u201c\u0130ki \u015fey var ancak \u00f6l\u00fcmle unutulur \/ anam\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcyle \u015fehrimizin y\u00fcz\u00fc\u201d diyordu N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet. Bir kentin \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn yani y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn yok edilip ge\u00e7mi\u015fini veya ge\u00e7mi\u015finden bir kesiti hat\u0131rlatmayacak bir bi\u00e7imde yeniden yarat\u0131lma \u00e7abas\u0131ndan, toplumunun tarihsizle\u015ftirilmesinden bahsediyorum.<\/p>\n Neyse ki \u0130hsan Bilgin \u201cKentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn Do\u011fas\u0131; Ak\u0131\u015f m\u0131 Zorlama m\u0131?\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131, kitaptaki di\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re biraz uzunca makalesinde bir kenti \u201cba\u015ftan yaratman\u0131n\u201d san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar kolay olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 etrafl\u0131ca anlat\u0131yor. \u0130stanbul\u2019un tarihine, geli\u015fme \u00e7izgisine ve bug\u00fcn\u00fcne ili\u015fkin sorgulamalarla ba\u015fl\u0131yor yaz\u0131s\u0131na, sonra Avrupa\u2019daki baz\u0131 kentlerle de kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak genelle\u015ftiriyor fikirlerini. Tart\u0131\u015fmaya \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k, kar\u015f\u0131 tarafa da s\u00f6z hakk\u0131 tan\u0131yan, hatta sohbete davet eden bir \u00fcslupla kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131nda kentsel de\u011fi\u015fim veya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmle \u201ckentsel m\u00fcdahale\u201dyi birbirinden ay\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenebiliyor. Kente ra\u011fmen giri\u015filebilecek iradi \u00e7abalar\u0131n kentlerin uzun tarihi i\u00e7inde pek kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fcretemedi\u011fini, kentin geli\u015fme, de\u011fi\u015fme e\u011filimine uygun planlamalar yapman\u0131n ve hayat\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00e7ok daha yerinde ve yararl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daha az ac\u0131 ve ma\u011fduriyet yarataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor. Bug\u00fcn kentlerin kaderi hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6z sahibi olanlar\u0131 sa\u011fduyuya, mant\u0131\u011fa ve adalete \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r bir hali var s\u00f6zlerinin.<\/p>\n Milyonluk manzaran\u0131n ard\u0131na bakmak<\/strong><\/p>\n Jean- Fran\u00e7ois P\u00e9rouse, \u201cKentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn Yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ya da Suskun \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fun Ac\u0131mas\u0131z Zaferi\u2026\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda ele alm\u0131\u015f genel manzaray\u0131. Kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00f6nce k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yerel \u00f6rneklerle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in konunun uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n bile ilgisine tam anlam\u0131yla mazhar oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemezken 2011\u2019de \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131, 2012\u2019de kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm yasas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konmas\u0131yla birdenbire global ve yerel hedefleri olan yeni bir kentle\u015fme stratejisinin devlet politikas\u0131 haline geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u201cSosyal politika\u201d, \u201cg\u00fcvenlik\u201d, \u201cmodernle\u015fme\u201d gibi kavramlar \u00fczerinden kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme toplumu ikna etmek i\u00e7in kurulan s\u00f6ylemi, meselenin nas\u0131l sorunsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak vaat edilenleri ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla bu vaatler aras\u0131nda olu\u015fan a\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 ortaya koyuyor. Y\u00f6ntemi de olduk\u00e7a basit. 10 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Ayazma\u2019da kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00f6ylemine ikna olup hevesle \u00e7evresindekileri de ikna etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 s\u00fcreci ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fiyi \u00f6rnekleyebilecek s\u0131radan bir mahalle sakininin \u015fimdi ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, neler hissetti\u011fini yani umdu\u011funu ve buldu\u011funu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor ve anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 aktar\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Alev Erkilet\u2019in \u201cHakikat Oyunlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Par\u00e7as\u0131 Olarak Kentsel \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc S\u00f6ylemi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesi di\u011ferlerine nazaran bi\u00e7im ve i\u00e7erik olarak \u201cmakale\u201d nitelemesini en fazla hak eden dolay\u0131s\u0131yla en \u201cakademik\u201d yaz\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen benim en s\u00fcr\u00fckleyici buldu\u011fumdu. Erkilet\u2019in tarihi yar\u0131mada hakk\u0131nda \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi b\u00fcnyesinde y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n da tecr\u00fcbesiyle \u201ci\u00e7eriden bir de\u011ferlendirme\u201d olarak okunabilecek yaz\u0131s\u0131 \u201c\u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc alan\u0131\u201d kavram\u0131 \u00fczerinden kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme tabi tutulacak b\u00f6lgelerin nas\u0131l sorunsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Foucault\u2019nun \u00f6nerdi\u011fi bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn \u201cs\u00f6ylemsel prati\u011fini\u201d mercek alt\u0131na al\u0131yor. \u201c\u00c7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc b\u00f6lgesi\u201dnin teknik literat\u00fcrde nas\u0131l tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcle\u015fme kriterlerini, kamusal kurumlar\u0131n ve sosyoloji metinlerinde \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc alan\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7iriyor ve \u0130stanbul a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan g\u00fcncel bir soru ortaya at\u0131yor: \u201cTarihi yar\u0131mada bir \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc alan\u0131 m\u0131?\u201d Literat\u00fcre ge\u00e7mi\u015f \u201c\u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc alan\u0131\u201d kriterlerini sa\u011fl\u0131yor olmas\u0131n\u0131n kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm i\u00e7in yeterli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorguluyor. \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc g\u00f6stergesi olarak ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen pek \u00e7ok \u00f6\u011fenin asl\u0131nda b\u00f6lgeye \u00f6zg\u00fc, ge\u00e7mi\u015ften gelen tarihsel \u00f6zellikler oldu\u011funu ortaya koyarak \u201c\u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc alan\u0131\u201d sorunsalla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n iktidar taraf\u0131ndan kentsel m\u00fcdahalenin bir arac\u0131 haline getirildi\u011fini iddia ediyor ve y\u00f6netimlerin kentlilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131na bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fime i\u015faret ediyor: \u201cTarihi Yar\u0131mada\u2019daki yoksullu\u011fun ya da modern\/kapitalist olmayan \u00fcretim ve ekonomik ili\u015fki bi\u00e7imlerinin, toplumsal ve sosyal adalet\u00e7i politikalar\u0131n konusu olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, kentsel m\u00fcdahalenin gerek\u00e7esi haline gelmesi, kent \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik \u00f6neme sahip bir tefekk\u00fcr ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma konusudur. Yoksulluk art\u0131k, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunmas\u0131 gereken bir sorun de\u011fil, g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnden kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir patoloji gibi alg\u0131lanmakta, yoksullar \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 damgalanmakta, \u00f6tekile\u015ftirilmekte, kriminalize edilmekte ve nihayet tahliye ile kent d\u0131\u015f\u0131 alanlara y\u00f6nlendirilmektedir.\u201d<\/p>\n G\u00f6k\u00e7ek, Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n habercisi<\/strong><\/p>\n Funda \u015eenol Cantek \u201cYoksuldan Al\u0131p Zengine Vermek: Ankara\u2019da Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn Serencam\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015fkent Ankara\u2019n\u0131n TOK\u0130\u2019le\u015fme s\u00fcrecini y\u00f6neten Erdo\u011fan ve G\u00f6k\u00e7ek ittifak\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kentlilerin ne t\u00fcr tav\u0131rlar tak\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. Cantek yaz\u0131s\u0131na, 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ilk kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm projelerinden biri olan Dikmen Vadisi Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Projesi\u2019ne kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen mek\u00e2nsal direni\u015fin bug\u00fcnlere uzanan hik\u00e2yesini \u00f6zetleyerek ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Dikmen Vadisi sakinlerinin evlerine, sokaklar\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri m\u00fccadele s\u0131ras\u0131nda bilin\u00e7lenme ve duyarl\u0131l\u0131k konusunda ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 olumlu de\u011fi\u015fimden bahsediyor. Kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn hedefi olmu\u015f bir b\u00f6lgenin belediyeye ve h\u00fck\u00fcmete kar\u015f\u0131 hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131nda s\u00f6z almaya niyetli bir muhalefet oda\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi sonucunda Ankara Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 G\u00f6k\u00e7ek\u2019in bu insanlar\u0131 toplumdan izole etmek i\u00e7in sarf etti\u011fi kelimeler Gezi direni\u015fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u015fahit olaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n tavr\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nceden haber veriyor gibi: \u201cter\u00f6rist, \u00e7apulcu, b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc, i\u015fgalci.\u201d Bu ilgin\u00e7 \u00f6rnekten sonra Cantek, Ankara a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan genel e\u011filimin ne \u015fekilde olu\u015ftu\u011funu ve s\u00fcrecin nas\u0131l \u015fekillendi\u011fini anlat\u0131yor. G\u00f6zlemlerine ve baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara dayanarak TOK\u0130\u2019le\u015fme ile toplumsal katmanla\u015fman\u0131n daha da keskinle\u015fti\u011fini, farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n bir arada ya\u015fayabildi\u011fi mahalle k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcndeki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeyle sosyal tabakalar\u0131n kendi t\u00fcketim stat\u00fclerine uygun b\u00f6lgelerde in\u015fa edilen sitelerde kapal\u0131 gruplar olu\u015fturmaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, yani Ankara\u2019da kentlilerin kent merkezi yerine banliy\u00f6lerde ya\u015famaya te\u015fvik edildiklerini ve zorland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tespit edebiliyor.<\/p>\n Kenti y\u0131k\u0131p yapmak, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek, yani \u201ckenti \u00fcretmek kimin hakk\u0131?\u201d sorusunun konuya ilgili herkesi me\u015fgul etmesi gayet do\u011fal. \u00d6zg\u00fcr Sevgi G\u00f6ral bu soruyu ba\u015fl\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f \u201cd\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda kentin \u201cteknokrat\u00e7a kurgulanmas\u0131n\u0131\u201d ele\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve kentlilerin tamam\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 demokratik bir kentsel alan\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sorgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131nda. \u201cKent her zaman bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, m\u00fczakere, direni\u015f, m\u00fccadele ve pazarl\u0131k alan\u0131d\u0131r ve her g\u00fcn yeniden kurulur,\u201d kabul\u00fcyle ba\u015fl\u0131yor irdelemesine. Kenti, olmu\u015f bitmi\u015f, tarafs\u0131z bir co\u011frafi mek\u00e2n olarak alg\u0131lamaktan vazge\u00e7memiz gerekti\u011fini iddia ediyor. \u201c\u00c7arp\u0131k kentle\u015fme\u201d retori\u011finin toplumcu mimarlar ve m\u00fchendisler taraf\u0131ndan iyi niyetlerle ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bug\u00fcn iktidarlar\u0131n elinde kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rmak ve kent yoksullar\u0131n\u0131n gecekondular\u0131na sald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir silaha d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011funun fark\u0131na varmam\u0131z\u0131 istiyor. Kent yoksullar\u0131n\u0131n birtak\u0131m k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kodlar ve s\u00f6zde bilimsel s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmalarla \u00f6nce \u201ckentli\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, sonra da kentin kaderinin nas\u0131l tayin edilece\u011fine dair politikac\u0131lar, m\u00fcteahhitler, uzmanlar ve t\u00fcketici orta s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n aras\u0131nda s\u00fcren tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na nas\u0131l \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor. Demokratik kentsel alan\u0131n var olabilmesi ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7inse yal\u0131n k\u0131staslar \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Hangi s\u0131n\u0131ftan ve kimlikten olursa olsun kimsenin kendisini d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f, g\u00fcvensiz, mazisiz ve geleceksiz hissetmeyece\u011fi bir kentsel alan.<\/p>\n Tarifi kolay olsa da bu alan\u0131n yarat\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in kentlileri zor ve uzun soluklu bir m\u00fccadelenin bekledi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Buraya kadar yeterince karamsar bir manzara olu\u015ftuysa Galeano\u2019nun me\u015fhur etti\u011fi duvar yaz\u0131s\u0131nda s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi gibi \u201ckaramsarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha iyi g\u00fcnlere b\u0131rakal\u0131m\u201d. Sons\u00f6z\u00fc ise 2013\u2019\u00fcn bahar\u0131nda, yani Gezi\u2019nin hemen \u00f6ncesinde bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bu kitaptaki yaz\u0131s\u0131na \u015fair sezgisiyle \u201cTebdil-i Mek\u00e2nda \u0130ktidar Vard\u0131r: Devrim, Direni\u015f, Taksim\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koyarak kent ve hatta memleket \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde bahsetti\u011fimiz t\u00fcm bu gerilimlerin y\u0131\u011f\u0131lma noktas\u0131 olarak Meydan\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6steren, ya\u015fanmakta olan \u201csa\u011f devrim\u201de kar\u015f\u0131 \u201cdireni\u015f\u201di \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kararak demokratik kentsel alan\u0131n nas\u0131l olu\u015fturulabilece\u011finin i\u015faretini veren Haydar Erg\u00fclen s\u00f6ylesin: \u201cTaksim bize g\u00f6re bir deniz ama fethetmek isteyenlere g\u00f6re bir kale. Surlar\u0131, bur\u00e7lar\u0131 yokmu\u015f ne gam!\u201d<\/p>\n – Milyonluk Manzara – Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Resimleri,\u00a0Nar Photos, Semih Ak\u015feker, Cihan Akta\u015f, Hakan B\u0131\u00e7akc\u0131, \u0130hsan Bilgin, Tan\u0131l Bora, Gaye Boral\u0131o\u011flu, Funda \u015eenol Cantek, Haydar Erg\u00fclen, Alev Erkilet, \u00d6zg\u00fcr Sevgi G\u00f6ral, P\u0131nar \u00d6\u011f\u00fcn\u00e7, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois P\u00e9rouse, Mine S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct, \u00d6zcan Yurdalan, Turgut Y\u00fcksel, \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 264 s.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em> <\/strong><\/p>\n Dipnot<\/strong><\/p>\n 1) Tomris Uyar, Y\u00fczle\u015fmeler: Bir Uyumsuzun Notlar\u0131<\/em> (1995-1999), Can Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1999, \u0130stanbul, s.47.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Hik\u00e2yelerini okurken \u201c\u0130stanbul\u2019u dinliyorum\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm \u201cfakat g\u00f6zlerim a\u00e7\u0131k\u201d, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc elimde tuttu\u011fum kitap, hepsi birer hik\u00e2yeye ilham verebilecek elli foto\u011frafl\u0131k bir alb\u00fcm ayn\u0131 zamanda. Nar Photos grubu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u201cfoto\u011fraf harek\u00e2t\u0131\u201d ile \u201ckentli say\u0131lmayanlar\u0131\u201d \u015fimdilik kentle ayn\u0131 karelerde yakalayabilmi\u015f. \u00d6zcan Yurdalan kitab\u0131n kapan\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131nda bu u\u011fra\u015fa dair \u201cartniyet\u201di \u00f6zetlerken \u201cfoto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n en eski meraklar\u0131ndan biri, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":74,"featured_media":23412,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[157,38,511],"tags":[607,210,2853],"class_list":["post-23256","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-120-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-yayin-dunyasi","tag-kentsel-donusum","tag-kitap","tag-milyonluk-manzara"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t