{"id":23525,"date":"2015-01-01T12:09:12","date_gmt":"2015-01-01T10:09:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=23525"},"modified":"2018-04-18T12:12:46","modified_gmt":"2018-04-18T09:12:46","slug":"evren-dogrudan-gozlemle-olculdu-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2015\/01\/01\/evren-dogrudan-gozlemle-olculdu-2","title":{"rendered":"Evren do\u011frudan g\u00f6zlemle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Londra Kraliyet Koleji ve Barcelona \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden biliminsanlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, astronomik verileri kullanarak evrenin geni\u015flemesiyle ili\u015fkili \u201cstandart mesafe\u201dyi \u00f6l\u00e7meyi ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Standart cetveller, fiziksel nicelikleri her yerde ayn\u0131 olan objeler olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r ve buradan yola \u00e7\u0131karak D\u00fcnya\u2019dan g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ve olmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc oran\u0131 al\u0131narak uzakl\u0131k tayini yap\u0131labilir. \u015eimdiye dek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya konu olan \u201cstandart cetvel\u201d yaln\u0131zca genel g\u00f6relilik altyap\u0131l\u0131 teorik modellerden tahmin edilmekteydi. Bu standart cetvel, erken evrende k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yo\u011funluk varyasyonlar\u0131ndan do\u011fan ve zaman ilerledik\u00e7e madde k\u00fcmele\u015fmelerinde de izi g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u201cbaryon akustik sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131 (BAO)\u201d mesafesidir. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 480 milyon \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131 olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen mesafe, genel g\u00f6relili\u011fin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcyle uyum g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>BAO, kozmolojide g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr baryonik maddenin yo\u011funlu\u011fundaki d\u00fczenli ve periyodik dalgalanmalar\u0131 temel al\u0131r. Nas\u0131l ki s\u00fcpernovalar astronomik g\u00f6zlemler i\u00e7in \u201cstandart mum\u201d \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yorsa (s\u00fcpernova patlamalar\u0131n\u0131n parlakl\u0131klar\u0131 bellidir ve bu parlakl\u0131ktan yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131larak uzakl\u0131klar hesaplanabilir), BAO kaynakl\u0131 madde k\u00fcmele\u015fmesi de kozmolojide standart mesafe \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fc bir \u201cstandart cetvel\u201d olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve evrenin geni\u015flemesini anlamak i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p>Evren\u2019deki mesafe \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm metotlar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 gerekenden daha karma\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011funu belirten \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc Alan Heaves, \u201cGeleneksel kozmolojide model kurarken veya yorum yaparken genel g\u00f6relilik merkeze koyulur. Bizim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z ise g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir kiteoriyi kullanmadan da sadece verilerle evrenin geometrik ve geni\u015fleme tarihi bulunabilir. Umuyoruz ki g\u00f6zlemi baz alan yakla\u015f\u0131mlar, artan g\u00f6zlemsel verilerin zenginli\u011fiyle birlikte evrenin geni\u015flemesi, karanl\u0131k enerji gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck kozmolojik problemlerde s\u00f6z sahibi olacakt\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n<p>Newton\u2019un k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n yerini alan ve evrenin geni\u015flemesi, karadelikler gibi bir\u00e7ok \u00f6nemli astrofiziksel konular\u0131n temelinde olan genel g\u00f6relili\u011fin, kuantum \u00f6l\u00e7ekte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz fizi\u011finin en b\u00fcy\u00fck problemi. E\u015f yazar Raul Jemenez, \u201cGenel g\u00f6relilikteki belirsizlikler bizi teoriye yaslanmak yerine, evrenden do\u011frudan al\u0131nan verilerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya y\u00f6neltti ve bunu yaparken, simetri ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn geni\u015fleme gibi teorik varsay\u0131mlar\u0131 asgari d\u00fczeyde tuttuk\u201d diyor. Prof. Verde de do\u011frudan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ile teoriyi referans al\u0131p anlamlar \u00e7\u0131karmak aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck farklar oldu\u011fundan ve kozmolojide genellikle ikincisinin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ediyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, erken evrendeki fizik g\u00f6rece basit oldu\u011fundan, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda karanl\u0131k enerji gibi kavramlara ihtiya\u00e7 duymam\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynaklar ve ileri okuma:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1) http:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2014-12-real-theory-cosmos.html<\/p>\n<p>2) https:\/\/www.cfa.harvard.edu\/~deisenst\/acousticpeak\/acoustic.pdf<\/p>\n<p>3) http:\/\/www.astro.ucla.edu\/~wright\/CMB-DT.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Londra Kraliyet Koleji ve Barcelona \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden biliminsanlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, astronomik verileri kullanarak evrenin geni\u015flemesiyle ili\u015fkili \u201cstandart mesafe\u201dyi \u00f6l\u00e7meyi ba\u015fard\u0131. Standart cetveller, fiziksel nicelikleri her yerde ayn\u0131 olan objeler olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r ve buradan yola \u00e7\u0131karak D\u00fcnya\u2019dan g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ve olmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc oran\u0131 al\u0131narak uzakl\u0131k tayini yap\u0131labilir. \u015eimdiye dek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya konu olan \u201cstandart cetvel\u201d yaln\u0131zca [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":634,"featured_media":23526,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[168,30,19,26],"tags":[657,288,324],"class_list":["post-23525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-131-sayi","category-astronomi","category-bilim-gundemi","category-fizik","tag-evren","tag-fizik","tag-kozmoloji"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/634"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23525"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23525\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}