{"id":23588,"date":"2015-01-01T13:41:51","date_gmt":"2015-01-01T11:41:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=23588"},"modified":"2018-04-18T13:46:37","modified_gmt":"2018-04-18T10:46:37","slug":"osmanlida-dalkavukluk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2015\/01\/01\/osmanlida-dalkavukluk","title":{"rendered":"Osmanl\u0131\u2019da dalkavukluk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tanzimat\u2019tan evvelki devirde, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc mecazi anlam\u0131 ile dalkavuklar mevcut olmakla beraber, onlardan tamamen ayr\u0131, kelimenin basit l\u00fcgat anlam\u0131na g\u00f6re isim alm\u0131\u015f loncas\u0131 ile kahyas\u0131 ile ve efrad\u0131 ile, i\u015fleri kibarlar\u0131 ve zenginleri ve onlar\u0131n konaklar\u0131ndaki, meclislerindeki kimseleri e\u011flendirmek olan bir \u2018dalkavuk esnaf\u0131\u2019 var idi.<\/em><\/p>\n

Sunu\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Okuyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yaz\u0131, Ekrem Okutan\u2019\u0131n \u201cDalkavukluk \/ Tarihsel Perspektif, Siyaset ve Bas\u0131n\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131ndan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Gen\u00e7 Mephisto Kitabevi, May\u0131s 2005). Okutan, aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, tarih\u00e7i Re\u015fat Ekrem Ko\u00e7u\u2019nun Ko\u00e7u Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kan \u201c\u0130stanbul Ansiklopedisi\u201d (1971) adl\u0131 eserinden derlemi\u015f. Bug\u00fcn Ak Saray\u2019a girip \u00e7\u0131kan ayd\u0131n ve sanat\u00e7\u0131 bozuntular\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 saraylar\u0131nda meslek icra eden dalkavuklar \u00e7ok temiz ve d\u00fcr\u00fcst kal\u0131yorlar.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu da\u011f\u0131lma ve g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetme s\u00fcreciyle birlikte, y\u00f6netim sisteminde de zaaflar ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ku\u015fkusuz bu zaaf, dalkavuklar i\u00e7in bulunmaz bir f\u0131rsatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece mevcut dalkavuklar\u0131n (y\u00f6netimin t\u00fcrl\u00fc t\u00fcrl\u00fc kademelerinde g\u00f6rev yapan ancak mesleki olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmayan, kendini gizlemi\u015f, tav\u0131r ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla dalkavuk olarak hareket edenlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u0131smarlama dalkavuklar\u0131n, baz\u0131 \u015fair vb ki\u015filerin) ve dalkavuklu\u011fu meslek olarak yapanlar\u0131n y\u00f6netenlerin \u00fczerindeki etkileri de o oranda artm\u0131\u015f oluyordu.<\/p>\n

Dalkavuklu\u011fun bir meslek olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan bahisle \u00fcnl\u00fc tarih\u00e7i Re\u015fat Ekrem Ko\u00e7u eserinden dalkavuklu\u011fu \u015f\u00f6yle tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cDilimizde bug\u00fcn mecazi manada bir tiynet, ruh haletini belirten isim olarak kullan\u0131yoruz; kendi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131, menfaati i\u00e7in bir zengine, veya devlet kapusunda y\u00fcksek mevki sahibine yardak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta bulunan adam, u\u015faktan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve hatta \u015ferefsiz, haysiyetsiz k\u00f6leden zelil bir tiptir; b\u00fct\u00fcn insani meziyet ve faziletlerden soyunmu\u015f dalkavuk, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc anlamda hac\u0131 yatmaz gibidir; para kayna\u011f\u0131 yahut timsalin \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u011filir, el, etek, ayak \u00f6per, ama her zaman menfaatini sa\u011flar, maddi s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 \u00e7ekmemek anlam\u0131nda ayakta durur; aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6pt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kimse imkan ve kudretini kaybedince de hemen yeni efendilerinin huzurunda zilletle e\u011filir ve asla teredd\u00fct etmeyerek d\u00fc\u015fen efendisinin aleyhinde bulunur.<\/p>\n

\u201cDalkavu\u011fu tokatlay\u0131p kovabilmek \u00e7ok zordur. \u00dclkeler fethetmi\u015f serdarlar, cihangirler, tahtlar, saltanatlar devirmi\u015f inkilabc\u0131lar bile nab\u0131zlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u015ferbet vermesini bilen dalkavuklu\u011fu da beslemi\u015ftir.\u201d (1)<\/p>\n

Dalkavukluk esnaf\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ko\u00e7u, Tanzimat\u2019tan \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemlerde mevcut dalkavuklar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bu i\u015fi meslek olarak yapan bir dalkavuk esnaf\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da i\u015faret etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u201cToplum hayat\u0131m\u0131zda Tanzimat\u2019tan evvelki devirde, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc mecazi anlam\u0131 ile dalkavuklar mevcut olmakla beraber, onlardan tamamen ayr\u0131, kelimenin basit l\u00fcgat anlam\u0131na g\u00f6re isim alm\u0131\u015f loncas\u0131 ile kahyas\u0131 ile ve efrad\u0131 ile, i\u015fleri kibarlar\u0131 ve zenginleri ve onlar\u0131n konaklar\u0131ndaki, meclislerindeki kimseleri e\u011flendirmek olan bir \u2018dalkavuk esnaf\u0131\u2019 var idi.<\/p>\n

\u201cTanzimat\u2019tan \u00f6nce ba\u015fa ya k\u00fclah, ya kavuk giyilirdi. K\u00fclah\u0131, k\u00fclah\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fidini ayak tak\u0131m\u0131 ile esnaf ve asker ocaklar\u0131nda efrad giyerdi. K\u00fclah\u0131n \u00fczerine, i\u015flerinin, mesleklerinin alameti farikas\u0131 olarak beyaz d\u00fclbent, yahut renkli \u00e7ember sararlard\u0131; baz\u0131 gen\u00e7lerle bilhassa asker dalk\u00fclah olurdu, yani k\u00fclahlar\u0131n\u0131, \u00fczerine herhangi bir \u015fey sarmadan giyerlerdi.<\/p>\n

\u201cKavuk ise t\u00fcccar\u0131n, memurun, kibar\u0131n, ricalin uleman\u0131n serpu\u015fu idi ve kavuk istisnas\u0131z \u00fczerine mutlaka bir \u015fey sar\u0131lan serpu\u015f idi.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130\u015fleri, meslekleri ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 e\u011flendirmek olan dalkavuk esnaf\u0131na zelil adamlar kabul edilmi\u015fti ve onlara serpu\u015f olarak ayak tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve e\u015fraf\u0131n ve askerin serpu\u015fu olan k\u00fclah giydirme imkan\u0131 bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131; zira, k\u00fclahlar\u0131na ne sararlarsa sars\u0131nlar, yahut dalk\u00fclah da olsalar muhakkak esnaf veya askerle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacaklard\u0131. Kavuk ise daima \u00fczerine bir \u015fey sar\u0131larak giyilen serpu\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in o zelil adamlara serpu\u015f olarak kavuk se\u00e7ildi ve toplum i\u00e7inde derhal se\u00e7ilmemeleri i\u00e7in de \u2018dalkavuk\u2019 olmalar\u0131, yani kavuklar\u0131na hi\u00e7bir \u015fey sarmamalar\u0131 emrolundu, bu suretle kendileri de alameti farikalar\u0131 olan serpu\u015flar\u0131na nispetle \u2018Dalkavuk\u2019 ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

\u201cDalkavuk esnaf\u0131, zaman\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n mecazi anlamla isim alm\u0131\u015f dalkavuklar\u0131 yan\u0131nda yedi zemzemle y\u0131kanm\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7arelerdi; tekrar ediyoruz, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcrl\u00fc yollardan e\u011flendirmeyi alenen i\u015f, meslek edinmi\u015flerdi. Nizamnameleri vard\u0131 ve i\u015f hizmet kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 alacaklar\u0131 \u00fccretin narhlar\u0131 vard\u0131. H\u00fcrriyetlerin alabildi\u011fine k\u0131s\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 mutlakiyet-i mutlaka devrinde, yaz\u0131n yal\u0131s\u0131na ve k\u0131\u015f\u0131n kona\u011f\u0131na kapanmak zorunda olan devletliler i\u00e7in dalkavuk kullanmak bir ihtiya\u00e7t\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ko\u00e7u, Topkap\u0131 Saray\u0131 M\u00fczesi\u2019nde bulunan\u00a0 1. Mahmut devrine ait, ancak kime yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli olmayan dilek\u00e7eyle dalkavuk esnaf\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispat ediyor:<\/p>\n

\u201cBirinci Sultan Mahmut devrine ait olup kime hitap etti\u011fi belli olmayan bu vesika bir dilek\u00e7edir; bug\u00fcnk\u00fc dilimize \u00e7evirdi\u011fim sureti \u015fudur:<\/p>\n

\u201cDevletli, inayetli, merhametli efendim<\/p>\n

\u201cKimsesiz dalkavuk kullar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n arzuhalidir<\/p>\n

\u201cHer sene Ramazan\u0131 \u015eerif geldi\u011finde \u0130stanbul\u2019da, davetli, davetsiz iftarlara gideriz. Uleman\u0131n, ricalin, devletin vesair b\u00fcy\u00fcklerin mevki sahiplerinin sofralar\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli nefis yemekler, t\u00fcrl\u00fc t\u00fcrl\u00fc re\u00e7eller, s\u00fczme a\u015fureler, \u015ferbetler, tavuk g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcsleri, elmaspareler, helvalar, kaymakl\u0131 baklavalar, ekmek kaday\u0131flar\u0131, ho\u015faflar yer i\u00e7eriz, \u00fcst\u00fcne g\u00f6bek t\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc ve kahve ile ikram g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Lakin i\u00e7imizde baz\u0131 terbiyesizler bulunup edebe uymayan hareket ve tav\u0131rlar\u0131 ile velinimetimiz efendilerimizi g\u00fccendirmekte, zarar\u0131 da hepimize dokunmaktad\u0131r. Dalkavukluk sa\u011flam bir nizama ba\u011flanmazsa c\u00fcmlemizin a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6lece\u011fimiz a\u015fikard\u0131r. Kadim nizam ve kanuna g\u00f6re yeniden bir nizama ba\u011flanmam\u0131z\u0131, i\u00e7imizden uygunsuzlar\u0131n\u0131 tard edilmesini, tav\u0131r ve hareketleri hepimizin makbul\u00fc olan \u015eakir A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n c\u00fcmlemize kahya tayin olunmas\u0131n\u0131 ve memuriyetini bildiren bir k\u0131t\u2019a ruhsatname ihsan buyurulmas\u0131n\u0131 niyaz ederiz. Emir ve ferman devleti inayetli efendim sultan\u0131m hazretlerinindir. \u0130mza: Dalkavuk Kullar\u0131\u201d<\/p>\n

Bu dilek\u00e7e dikkatle okunmu\u015f ve alt\u0131na \u015fu \u015fayan\u0131 dikkat sat\u0131rlar yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cDalkavuklar kibar ve rical huzurlar\u0131na girdiklerinde etek \u00f6perler. Oturacaklar\u0131 yer, trahzan yan\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck minderlerdir. Vazifeleri, hane sahibi olan zat\u0131n miza\u00e7 ve tabiat\u0131na uygun \u015fekilde konu\u015fmak, zikri m\u00fcstekreh tabirlerden ve k\u00fcf\u00fcrlerden gayetle sak\u0131nmakt\u0131r. Hane sahibi ne s\u00f6ylerse fevkalade yardak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kla tasdik edecekler ve asla ayk\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda s\u00f6z s\u00f6ylemeyeceklerdir. Verilen paran\u0131n \u00e7oklu\u011fu ile meslekta\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fclmeyecektir.\u201d<\/p>\n

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\u00dcnl\u00fc karikat\u00fcrist Cemal Nadir G\u00fcler\u2019in \u201cDalkavuk\u201d tiplemesi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Dalkavukluk tarifesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu vesikaya bir de dalkavukluk narh\u0131 eklenmi\u015ftir, hem g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7 hem hazindir.<\/p>\n

– Dalkavu\u011fun burnuna fiske vurma (fiske ba\u015f\u0131na): 20 para<\/p>\n

– Ba\u015f\u0131na kabak vurma, bir seferine: 20 para<\/p>\n

– Y\u00fcz\u00fcne tokat atma, tokat ba\u015f\u0131na: 30 para<\/p>\n

– Oturdu\u011fu minderden ve seden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yuvarlama, latife ba\u015f\u0131na: 30 para<\/p>\n

– Y\u00fcz\u00fcne m\u00fcrekkep veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr s\u00fcrme: 37 para<\/p>\n

– Ellerini ve ayaklar\u0131n\u0131 domuztopu ba\u011flama: 40 para<\/p>\n

– Bir salk\u0131m \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn sap\u0131 ile beraber yedirilmesi: 40 para<\/p>\n

– Kafas\u0131na yumruk indirme, yumruk ba\u015f\u0131na: 40 para<\/p>\n

– \u00c7\u0131plak ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 tokatlama, tokat ba\u015f\u0131na: 45 para<\/p>\n

– Elinde be\u015f on k\u0131l kalmak ve di\u015flerini leylek gibi \u00e7at\u0131rdatmak \u015fart\u0131 ile sakal zelzelesine, sakal boyamas\u0131na: 60 para<\/p>\n

– Sakal\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 veya c\u00fcmlesi arpa boyunca k\u0131rk\u0131l\u0131rsa, latifeyi yapan dalkavu\u011fun \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k nafakas\u0131n\u0131 verir, bu nafaka ayda 30 kuru\u015ftan 90 kuru\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

– Eyerinin bir taraf\u0131nda \u00f6zengi bulunmayan ha\u015far\u0131ca bir ata bindirilip tema\u015fas\u0131 ho\u015fa giderse: 300 para<\/p>\n

– Kuyru\u011fu d\u0131\u015far\u0131da kalmak \u00fczere bir f\u0131nd\u0131k s\u0131\u00e7an\u0131n\u0131 a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine kapatma: 400 para<\/p>\n

– Bostan dolab\u0131na ba\u011flanarak su i\u00e7inde bir m\u00fcddet durdurulmak \u015fart\u0131 ile bostan kuyusu i\u00e7ine bir devrine: 600 para. Bu latifede birden fazla her devir i\u00e7in ayr\u0131ca 100 para. Bu latifede dalkavuk bo\u011fulup \u00f6l\u00fcrse cenazesinin masraf\u0131 latifeyi yapana aittir.<\/p>\n

Dalkavuk f\u0131kralar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tarih\u00e7i yazar Ko\u00e7u, dalkavuklar\u0131n genellikle takma isimler kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirttikten sonra bir iki ho\u015f dalkavuk f\u0131kras\u0131yla devam eder:<\/p>\n

Dalkavuklar\u0131 bazen kendi isimleri ile an\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar, fakat ekseriya \u015eapur \u00c7elebi, Hande \u00c7elebi, Letaif \u00c7elebi, Kahkaha Molla, S\u00fc\u011fl\u00fcn Bey, Eb\u00fclef Efendi, Burnaz A\u011fa, \u00c7\u0131plak Kad\u0131, K\u0131z Pehlivan, Kabrankulak A\u011fa, Hac\u0131 F\u0131\u015ff\u0131\u015f, Hac\u0131 Samand\u0131ra gibi takma isimler takm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcverrih Pe\u00e7revili \u0130brahim Efendi, dalkavuklara ve \u015faklabanlara a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn olan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Sultan Murat\u2019\u0131n hal tercemesinde \u015firin bir f\u0131kra nakleder; m\u00fcverrinin kalemiyle naklediyoruz:<\/p>\n

Maskaran\u0131n biri \u015fetaret ve maharetini g\u00f6sterip de ihsan\u0131n\u0131 alaca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada:<\/p>\n

– Yok h\u00fcnkar\u0131m, bug\u00fcn alt\u0131n istemem, y\u00fcz de\u011fnek isterim!… der.<\/p>\n

Padi\u015fah sebebini sorunca:<\/p>\n

– Hele \u00f6nce ellisini vurdurun da sebebini o zaman sorun! der Padi\u015fah emreder, maskaray\u0131 falakaya y\u0131karlar, de\u011fnekler elli olunca herif:<\/p>\n

– Durun!… bir orta\u011f\u0131m vard\u0131r, ellisini de ona vurun! der.<\/p>\n

Orta\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kim oldu\u011funu sorarlar:<\/p>\n

– Beni her g\u00fcn davete gelen bostanc\u0131d\u0131r. (Bostanc\u0131: Osmanl\u0131 tarihinde saray\u0131n korunmas\u0131na ve \u015fehrin g\u00fcvenli\u011fine bakmakla g\u00f6revli olan erlerden biri)<\/p>\n

Padi\u015fah\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ihsan\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131p gider iken \u2018seni ben \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131m, yar\u0131s\u0131 benimdir\u2019 diye paran\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 elimden zorla al\u0131r, bug\u00fcn de de\u011fne\u011fin yar\u0131s\u0131 onun hakk\u0131d\u0131r\u2026 der.<\/p>\n

Padi\u015fah g\u00fclmekten kat\u0131l\u0131r, maskaraya m\u00fctad ihsan\u0131n\u0131n iki mislini verir, bostanc\u0131y\u0131 da elli de\u011fnek i\u00e7in falakaya y\u0131karlar.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7en as\u0131rda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f mirasyedilerden Veliefendizade Mehmet Efendi de meclislerindeki dalkavuklar\u0131 ile me\u015fhurdur; ho\u015f f\u0131kralard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Bir yaz g\u00fcn\u00fc dalkavuk esnaf\u0131ndan sekiz on kadar k\u00f6r toplat\u0131p yal\u0131s\u0131na getirmi\u015f, onlar\u0131n birbirini g\u00f6rmeden lag cengi etmelerine hayli g\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra, u\u015faklar: Namaza buyurun !.. diyerek k\u00f6rlerin koltuklar\u0131na girmi\u015fler ve ba\u011f\u00e7eye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p r\u0131ht\u0131m\u0131n ta kenar\u0131na serilmi\u015f seccadelere g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fler, u\u015faklardan biri de kay\u0131\u011fa binmi\u015f, s\u00f6zde imam olmu\u015f, \u201cAllah\u00fcekber\u201d deyince bi\u00e7are k\u00f6r dalkavuklar secdeye var\u0131rlarken denize yuvarlanm\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n

Veliefendizade bir yaz g\u00fcn\u00fc, k\u0131\u015f oyunu, ortal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7ak\u0131l \u00e7ak\u0131l tuttu\u011fu bir k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc de yaz oyunu oynatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yaz g\u00fcn\u00fc kendisi s\u0131rt\u0131nda ince patiska entari, yal\u0131n ayak, k\u00fcf\u00fcr k\u00fcf\u00fcr oturmu\u015f buzlu \u015ferbet i\u00e7erken s\u0131rtlar\u0131na h\u0131rkalar, k\u00fcrkler, ayaklar\u0131na kal\u0131n y\u00fcn \u00e7oraplar giydirilmi\u015f dalkavuklara sahlep ikram edilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

K\u0131\u015f oyununda aksi, efendi tand\u0131r ba\u015f\u0131na oturur, s\u0131rt\u0131nda k\u00fcrk\u00fc sahlep i\u00e7er, b\u00fct\u00fcn pencereler a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r, dalkavuklar yazl\u0131k entariler ve \u00e7\u0131plak ayakla titre\u015fir iken dondurma ikram edilirmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

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Bug\u00fcn Ak Saray\u2019a girip \u00e7\u0131kan ayd\u0131n ve sanat\u00e7\u0131 bozuntular\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 saraylar\u0131nda meslek icra eden dalkavuklar \u00e7ok temiz ve d\u00fcr\u00fcst kal\u0131yorlar.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn dalkavuklar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dalkavuklar\u0131n mesle\u011fini icra ederlerken t\u00fcrl\u00fc t\u00fcrl\u00fc ho\u015f olmayan davran\u0131\u015flara maruz b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun bir tarifeye ba\u011flanarak g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylelikle insan haysiyetinin be\u015f paral\u0131k oldu\u011funu da yine Re\u015fat Ekrem Ko\u00e7u\u2019nun yazd\u0131klar\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f oluyoruz. Asl\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz gizli dalkavuklar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda bu i\u015fi meslek olarak yapan dalkavuklar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n saf ve temiz oldu\u011funu da s\u00f6ylemekle herhalde yan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmay\u0131z.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tanzimat\u2019tan evvelki devirde, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc mecazi anlam\u0131 ile dalkavuklar mevcut olmakla beraber, onlardan tamamen ayr\u0131, kelimenin basit l\u00fcgat anlam\u0131na g\u00f6re isim alm\u0131\u015f loncas\u0131 ile kahyas\u0131 ile ve efrad\u0131 ile, i\u015fleri kibarlar\u0131 ve zenginleri ve onlar\u0131n konaklar\u0131ndaki, meclislerindeki kimseleri e\u011flendirmek olan bir \u2018dalkavuk esnaf\u0131\u2019 var idi. Sunu\u015f Okuyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yaz\u0131, Ekrem Okutan\u2019\u0131n \u201cDalkavukluk \/ Tarihsel Perspektif, Siyaset ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":615,"featured_media":23589,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[168,222,29],"tags":[2900,2899,238],"class_list":["post-23588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-131-sayi","category-tarih","category-toplum","tag-dalkavukluk","tag-osmanli-devleti","tag-tarih"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t