{"id":23892,"date":"2018-04-21T06:10:40","date_gmt":"2018-04-21T03:10:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=23892"},"modified":"2018-04-25T12:54:39","modified_gmt":"2018-04-25T09:54:39","slug":"unlu-bilim-tarihcisi-george-sartonin-caglari-simgeleyen-bilimciler-listesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/04\/21\/unlu-bilim-tarihcisi-george-sartonin-caglari-simgeleyen-bilimciler-listesi","title":{"rendered":"\u00dcnl\u00fc bilim tarih\u00e7isi George Sarton\u2019\u0131n \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131 simgeleyen bilimciler listesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sarton M\u00d6 6. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan MS 14. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar her elli y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemi, o d\u00f6nemin en \u00f6nde gelen biliminsanlar\u0131 ya da filozoflar\u0131yla simgele\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n

\"\"\u201cBilim Tarihi\u201dni bir disiplin haline getiren Bel\u00e7ikal\u0131 kimyager ve tarih\u00e7i George Sarton\u2019\u0131n (1884-1956) an\u0131t eseri \u201cBilim Tarihine Giri\u015f\u201d (Introduction to the History of Science<\/em>) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Sarton, \u00fc\u00e7 ciltlik bu dev eserine bir \u00f6m\u00fcr vermi\u015ftir<\/p>\n

Eserin birinci cildi dokuz y\u0131ll\u0131k bir haz\u0131rl\u0131k zaman\u0131 al\u0131r ve iki bin y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemi kapsar. Sarton ikinci cilt i\u00e7in de 13 y\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc cildin tamamlanmas\u0131 ise 27 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in 3400 kitaba, 13500 risaleye ve 80000 kart ve di\u011fer belgeye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sarton\u2019\u0131n eseri Antik d\u00f6nemden 14. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonuna kadarki s\u00fcreci kapsar.<\/p>\n

Sarton insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu t\u00fcm bilgi birikimin bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 toplum ve b\u00f6lgeden geldi\u011fini savunarak, bilimin insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak \u00fcretimi oldu\u011funu iddia eder. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde hakim olan ve tarihi Antik Yunan-Bat\u0131 hatt\u0131ndan ibaret g\u00f6ren Avrupamerkezci uygarl\u0131k anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na da kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar. 2. cildi haz\u0131rlarken Arap\u00e7a \u00f6\u011frenir, Ortado\u011fu\u2019yu gezer ve \u0130slam bilimcilerinin el yazmalar\u0131n\u0131 inceler.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Sarton\u2019un 7. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131yla simgele\u015ftirdi\u011fi Xuanzang, Tang d\u00f6neminden tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir \u00c7inli Budist rahip, bilgin, gezgin ve \u00e7evirmendir. Hint Uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserin bilimsel de\u011feri b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sarton Tarihsel Materyalist de\u011fildir. Bilimsel geli\u015fmeleri, i\u00e7inde ye\u015ferdikleri toplumsal ko\u015fullarla ba\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde ele almaz; sanki bilimin sosyo-ekonomik ko\u015fullardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kendine g\u00f6re bir ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu \u00f6nemli bir eksikliktir, bilim ve uygarl\u0131k \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n neden \u00f6yle de\u011fil de b\u00f6yle akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunu derinlemesine anlamay\u0131 engeller. Oysa ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde etkili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan tarihsel materyalist bilim tarih\u00e7ileri de vard\u0131r. Fakat yine de kaba Bat\u0131-merkezcili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sayg\u0131de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n

Sarton \u201cIntroduction<\/em>\u201dda milattan \u00f6nce 6. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan milattan sonra 14. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar her elli y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemi, o d\u00f6nemin en \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yapan biliminsanlar\u0131 ya da filozoflar\u0131yla simgele\u015ftirir. Bu simge isimlere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Sarton\u2019\u0131n Orta\u00e7a\u011f Do\u011fu uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011fa yapt\u0131klar\u0131 katk\u0131lara hak ettikleri de\u011feri verdi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da Sarton\u2019\u0131n listesini veriyoruz. G\u00f6r\u00fclecektir ki, \u0130yonya\u2019dan (Miletos) ba\u015flayan yolculuk, Ege\u2019nin kar\u015f\u0131 yakas\u0131na ge\u00e7ip oradan Roma ve \u0130skenderiye\u2019ye, giderek \u00c7in\u2019e, sonra \u0130slam co\u011frafyas\u0131na do\u011fru devam etmi\u015f; 12. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren Avrupal\u0131lar da kervana kat\u0131lmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sarton eserine devam edebilseydi, 15. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze liste herhalde Bat\u0131l\u0131 bilim ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn insanlar\u0131yla dolacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Sarton Orta\u00e7a\u011f Do\u011fu uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011fa yapt\u0131klar\u0131 katk\u0131lara hak ettikleri de\u011feri verir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sarton\u2019\u0131n listesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00d6 6. y\u00fczy\u0131l: Thales<\/strong> ve Pythagoras
\n<\/strong>M\u00d6 5. y\u00fczy\u0131l: \u0130ki Hippokrates
\n<\/strong>M\u00d6 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Platon
\n<\/strong>M\u00d6 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Aristoteles
\n<\/strong>M\u00d6 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Euclid
\n<\/strong>M\u00d6 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Archimedes
\n<\/strong>M\u00d6 2. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Cato the Cencor
\n<\/strong>M\u00d6 2. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Hipparchos
\n<\/strong>M\u00d6 1. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Lucretius
\n<\/strong>M\u00d6 1. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Virgil <\/strong>(Publius Vergilius Maro)
\n1. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Celsus
\n<\/strong>1. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Pliny <\/strong>(Gaius Plinius Secundus)
\n2. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Ptolemy <\/strong>(Batlamyus)
\n2. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Galen
\n<\/strong>3. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Alexander of Aphrodisias
\n<\/strong>3. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Diophantos
\n<\/strong>4. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Iamblichos <\/strong>(Iamblichus Chalcidensis)
\n4. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Oribasios
\n<\/strong>5. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Fa-hsien
\n<\/strong>5. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Proclos <\/strong>(Proclus Lycaeus)
\n6. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Philoponos
\n<\/strong>6. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Alexander of Tralles <\/strong>(Alexander Trallianus)
\n7. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Hs\u00fcan Tsang <\/strong>(Xuanzang)
\n7. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: I-Ching <\/strong>(Chang Wen-ming)
\n8. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Bede
\n<\/strong>8. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Cabir \u0130bn Hayyan
\n<\/strong>9. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: El-Harezmi
\n<\/strong>9. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: El-Razi
\n<\/strong>10. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: El-Masudi
\n<\/strong>10. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Ebu-l Vefa
\n<\/strong>11. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Ebu Reyhan El-Biruni
\n<\/strong>11. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: \u00d6mer Hayyam
\n<\/strong>12. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: William of Conches<\/strong>, \u0130bn Ezra<\/strong>, \u0130bn Z\u00fchr
\n<\/strong>12. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Gerard of Cremona<\/strong>, \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd<\/strong>, Maimonides
\n<\/strong>13. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Robert Grosseteste<\/strong>, \u0130bn Baytar<\/strong>, Jacob Anatoli
\n<\/strong>13. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Roger Bacon<\/strong>, Jacob ben Mahir \u0130bn Tibbon<\/strong>, Kutbeddin \u015eirazi
\n<\/strong>14. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131: Ebu-l Fida<\/strong>, Levi ben Gerson<\/strong>, Occam\u2019l\u0131 William
\n<\/strong>14. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131: Geoffrey Chaucer<\/strong>, \u0130bn Haldun<\/strong>, Hasdai Crescas<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sarton M\u00d6 6. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan MS 14. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar her elli y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemi, o d\u00f6nemin en \u00f6nde gelen biliminsanlar\u0131 ya da filozoflar\u0131yla simgele\u015ftirir. \u201cBilim Tarihi\u201dni bir disiplin haline getiren Bel\u00e7ikal\u0131 kimyager ve tarih\u00e7i George Sarton\u2019\u0131n (1884-1956) an\u0131t eseri \u201cBilim Tarihine Giri\u015f\u201d (Introduction to the History of Science) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Sarton, \u00fc\u00e7 ciltlik bu dev eserine bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":23893,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2314,221,222],"tags":[1195,206,2942],"class_list":["post-23892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-oykuleri","category-felsefe","category-tarih","tag-avrupamerkezcilik","tag-bilim-tarihi","tag-george-sarton"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t