1986 yap\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7izgi film versiyonundan sahnelerini hat\u0131rlayabildi\u011fim \u201cDr. Jekyll ve Mr. Hyde\u2019\u0131n Tuhaf Hik\u00e2yesi\u201d ile kitabevi raflar\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmam haf\u0131zamda kalanlar\u0131 Stevenson\u2019un sat\u0131rlar\u0131yla birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in iyi bir f\u0131rsat oldu. Hik\u00e2yenin sadece k\u0131sa ve e\u011flenceli bir \u00f6zetini izlemekle yetinmi\u015f oldu\u011fumun fark\u0131na vard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 da itiraf etmeliyim bu vesileyle. \u00dclkedeki \u201cf\u0131trat\u201d tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n haf\u0131zada b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hasar\u0131 roman\u0131 okuyarak onarabilece\u011fime dair bir inan\u00e7 da olu\u015fmu\u015f olabilir i\u00e7imde, emin de\u011filim. Bu anlamda insan\u0131n i\u00e7indeki iyi ile k\u00f6t\u00fcn\u00fcn sava\u015f\u0131na ondokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131ldan kalma bir metnin penceresinden bakmak a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 sars\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n
19. y\u00fczy\u0131l Londras\u0131\u2019nda ge\u00e7en hik\u00e2yeyi, \u00e7evresinde sayg\u0131n bir ki\u015fi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen Dr. Jekyll\u2019\u0131n kendi ifadesiyle \u201chayat\u0131n mistik ve soyut taraflar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u201d\u0131 \u015fekillendiriyor. \u0130\u00e7indeki iyi ile k\u00f6t\u00fcy\u00fc ay\u0131rmak motivasyonuyla yola \u00e7\u0131kan doktor, kendi laboratuvar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 sonucunda bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m elde ediyor. \u00c7o\u011fumuzun hat\u0131rlayaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m sayesinde hem ki\u015fili\u011fini hem de fiziki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi ba\u015faran doktor zaman ilerledik\u00e7e kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n esiri haline geliyor. Peki doktorun ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kuvvetlendiren ne? Hik\u00e2yenin bilimkurgu y\u00f6n\u00fc bu esaret meselesinin ortaya koydu\u011fu sorularla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcyor bir yerden sonra.<\/p>\n
\u00d6ncelikle karakter tahlillerinin roman\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir yan\u0131 olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmek gerek. Roman\u0131n ba\u015f karakterinin okuyucuda ola\u011fan bir ilgi yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Olay \u00f6rg\u00fcs\u00fcne katk\u0131lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yan karakterlerin tahlili ayr\u0131 bir tat kat\u0131yor okuma deneyimine. Doktor Jekyll\u2019\u0131n meslekta\u015f\u0131 Lanyon\u2019un hik\u00e2yenin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde \u00fcstlendi\u011fi rol\u00fc ise \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 olarak nitelemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Yak\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131 Lanyon\u2019un, Jeykll ile ili\u015fkisinin bir d\u00f6nem bozulmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenini izah ederken \u00a0kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cbilimd\u0131\u015f\u0131 lak\u0131rd\u0131lar\u201d\u0131n t\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekli\u011fiyle kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na dikilmesi sonucunda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131m ve bu y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n sonucu, hik\u00e2yeyi bir mesele olarak toplumsal ahl\u00e2k tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n da i\u00e7ine ta\u015f\u0131yor. Yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi t\u00fcr\u00fcnden fikirlerin toplumsal hayattaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya da toplumsal\u0131n bu fikirler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir refleks geli\u015ftirdi\u011fini Dr. Lanyon hadisesi ile birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek zihin a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n
Gelelim hik\u00e2yeyi merak\u0131yla \u015fekillendiren bir ba\u015fka karaktere; Doktor Jekyll\u2019\u0131n yak\u0131n dostu ve avukat\u0131 Mr. Utterson\u2019a\u2026 Utterson k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zihninde Hyde ile cisimle\u015ftirirken bu gizemli adam\u0131n ilk vukuat\u0131ndan haberdar olmas\u0131 yetiyor ve bu karanl\u0131k hik\u00e2yeyi \u00e7\u00f6zmek \u00fczere yo\u011fun \u00e7aba sarf ediyor. Bu \u00e7aban\u0131n ard\u0131nda yatan merak\u0131n toplumsal birtak\u0131m \u015fifreler i\u00e7erdi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Utterson\u2019un ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gelgitler Dr. Jekyll\u2019\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve varsay\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 sosyolojik olarak hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karacak cinsten. Avukat, Hyde\u2019\u0131 Jekyll ile birlikte anmaktan huzursuzluk duyuyor, Jekyll gibi sayg\u0131n bir ki\u015fili\u011fin ac\u0131mas\u0131z, \u00e7irkin bir adamla arkada\u015fl\u0131k kurabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden bile rahats\u0131z oluyor.<\/p>\n
Yazar karakterlerin \u00f6zelliklerini \u00f6rneklerken karakterleri konu\u015fturarak hik\u00e2yeyi \u00e7ok ince bir \u015fekilde derinle\u015ftiriyor asl\u0131nda. \u00d6rne\u011fin Utterson\u2019un hik\u00e2yede \u00fcstlenece\u011fi rol\u00fc \u015fu sat\u0131rlar e\u015fli\u011finde tahmin etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak okumay\u0131 daha da keyifli k\u0131labiliyor: Kendine kar\u015f\u0131 ac\u0131mas\u0131zd\u0131, (\u2026). Ancak \u00e7evresindekilere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011fu herkes\u00e7e bilinirdi; (\u2026). \u201cBen daha \u00e7ok Kabil\u2019in ayk\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden yanay\u0131m,\u201d derdi tuhaf \u015fekilde: \u201cKarde\u015fim \u015eeytan\u2019a uyacaksa onu kendi haline b\u0131rak\u0131r\u0131m.<\/strong>\u201d <\/em>D\u00f6nemin genel ahlak anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, Utterson\u2019un i\u00e7sel tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda v\u00fccut buluyor bulmas\u0131na, fakat Utterson\u2019un hik\u00e2ye boyunca merak\u0131 ile ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc aras\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Oldu\u011fu gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmek meselesi ahlak tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na fiziksel bir boyut kat\u0131yor hik\u00e2ye ba\u011flam\u0131nda. Utterson ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm karakterlerce Hyde\u2019\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7irkinli\u011fiyle ili\u015fkilendirilmesi toplumsal \u00f6nyarg\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l \u015fekillendi\u011fine iyi bir \u00f6rnek olabilir.<\/p>\n Jekyll\u2019\u0131n toplumdaki sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve mizac\u0131n\u0131n Hyde ile kurdu\u011fu tuhaf ve s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015fkiyle olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tezat Utterson\u2019u rahats\u0131z ediyor. Asl\u0131nda \u201cs\u0131k\u0131 ve tuhaf\u201d, Utterson\u2019un Jekyll ve Hyde ili\u015fkisini tan\u0131mlarken kullanaca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131fatlar\u2026 Bu nedenle, metnin merkezine oturan \u00e7ift yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f meselesi ve her karakterin hayat g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne dair bilgiler hik\u00e2yeyi s\u00fcsl\u00fcyor. Karakterlerin olaylar s\u0131ras\u0131nda tak\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 tav\u0131rlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda zaman zaman taraf tuttu\u011fum hissine kap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirim. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Utterson\u2019un ilk kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131nda Hyde\u2019dan daha fazla bilgi almak ad\u0131na ona yalan s\u00f6yledi\u011fine \u015fahit olurken Hyde\u2019\u0131n verdi\u011fi tepki de \u00f6nem kazan\u0131yor. Bu anlamda yazar\u0131n hik\u00e2yeye karakterler baz\u0131nda objektif yakla\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Hik\u00e2yenin bilimkurgu boyutu tam da bu y\u00fczden k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenebiliyor. Stevenson bir bilimkurgu hik\u00e2yesiyle merak uyand\u0131rmaktan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n pe\u015finde oldu\u011funu okura hissettiriyor.<\/p>\n Dr. Jekyll hik\u00e2yenin ba\u015f karakteri olarak s\u0131radanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Jekyll\u2019\u0131n varolu\u015fsal kayg\u0131 ve \u015f\u00fcphelerini ortadan kald\u0131rmak u\u011fruna mesleki becerilerinden faydalanmas\u0131, bulgular\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden harekete ge\u00e7mesi… Ve benim \u015fu an hik\u00e2yeyi genel ahlak yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam tuhaf de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n Jekyll\u2019\u0131n itiraf mektubuna dek anlat\u0131 daha \u00e7ok yan karakterlerin bulduklar\u0131 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131yla ilerliyor ve roman s\u00fcr\u00fckleyicili\u011fini hep koruyor. Jekyll\u2019\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck meselesine e\u011filiminin bilimsel bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olarak \u015fekillenmesi ve i\u00e7teki \u201ck\u00f6t\u00fc\u201dn\u00fcn hem ruhsal hem fiziksel anlamda giderek g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi hik\u00e2yenin k\u0131r\u0131lma anlar\u0131ndan biri. Jekyll\u2019\u0131n Hyde olmak i\u00e7in i\u00e7ti\u011fi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n bilimsel ve felsefi bir karma\u015faya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek onu \u00e7aresizli\u011fin i\u00e7ine s\u00fcr\u00fcklemesiyle birlikte, kendinizi vicdan \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken de bulabilirsiniz; ama yazar Stevenson belli bir noktadan sonra ne Utterson\u2019un ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcnden ne de Jeykll\u2019\u0131n iyili\u011finden taviz veriyor. Hik\u00e2yenin anlaml\u0131 bir tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 \u015fekillendirebilece\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir, fakat yazar\u0131n ahlak sorunsal\u0131n\u0131 \u201ciyi\u201d olan\u0131n genel tan\u0131mlan\u0131\u015f\u0131yla kapatmak istedi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek de bir o kadar m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n Varolu\u015fsal niteli\u011fi belirleyen birtak\u0131m fakt\u00f6rler bulundu\u011funu iddia etsek, sava\u015flar\u0131n, hak ihlallerinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na insan\u0131n yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc neyi koyabiliriz bilemiyorum. Bunlar varolu\u015fumuzun niteli\u011fini olumsuz anlamda de\u011fi\u015ftiren birincil fakt\u00f6rler olarak g\u00fcndelik ya\u015famlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 alt\u00fcst etmeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Victoria devrinde kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f eseri d\u00f6neminin toplumsal ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel bir tezah\u00fcr\u00fc olarak de\u011ferlendirmek elbette ki m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Peki mesele ger\u00e7ekten de d\u00f6nemle mi ilgili? \u0130nsan\u0131n yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile toplumsall\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda hen\u00fcz ortadan kalkmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fimiz uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 insan\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki varolu\u015fundan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ele almak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc? Modern hayat\u0131n ahlak kal\u0131plar\u0131 m\u0131 \u201cf\u0131trat\u201d\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 par\u00e7alayan? Yoksa mitleri, masallar\u0131 ya da ger\u00e7ekli\u011fine \u015fahit olunmu\u015f tarihsel korkun\u00e7luklar\u0131 ile asl\u0131nda saf k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn bask\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan m\u0131 ibaret insan f\u0131trat\u0131? Bu \u201ctuhaf\u201d hik\u00e2yenin d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckleri yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015fa y\u00fcklemenin kolayc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine fikir y\u00fcr\u00fctmek isteyenlerce dikkatle tekrar okunmas\u0131n\u0131 sal\u0131k verebiliriz belki.<\/p>\n – Dr. Jekyll ve Mr. Hyde\u2019\u0131n Tuhaf Hik\u00e2yesi, Robert Louis Stevenson, \u00c7ev. Aylin Yengin, K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Kedi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2014, 124 s.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 1986 yap\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7izgi film versiyonundan sahnelerini hat\u0131rlayabildi\u011fim \u201cDr. Jekyll ve Mr. Hyde\u2019\u0131n Tuhaf Hik\u00e2yesi\u201d ile kitabevi raflar\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmam haf\u0131zamda kalanlar\u0131 Stevenson\u2019un sat\u0131rlar\u0131yla birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in iyi bir f\u0131rsat oldu. Hik\u00e2yenin sadece k\u0131sa ve e\u011flenceli bir \u00f6zetini izlemekle yetinmi\u015f oldu\u011fumun fark\u0131na vard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 da itiraf etmeliyim bu vesileyle. \u00dclkedeki \u201cf\u0131trat\u201d tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n haf\u0131zada b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hasar\u0131 roman\u0131 okuyarak onarabilece\u011fime dair […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":585,"featured_media":24898,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[166,511],"tags":[3145,210],"class_list":["post-24897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-129-sayi","category-yayin-dunyasi","tag-dr-jekyll-ve-mr-hyde","tag-kitap"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t