{"id":25077,"date":"2014-06-01T16:01:51","date_gmt":"2014-06-01T13:01:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=25077"},"modified":"2018-05-10T16:13:53","modified_gmt":"2018-05-10T13:13:53","slug":"diski-fosilleri-porto-riko-yerlilerinin-kokenini-aydinlatiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2014\/06\/01\/diski-fosilleri-porto-riko-yerlilerinin-kokenini-aydinlatiyor","title":{"rendered":"D\u0131\u015fk\u0131 fosilleri Porto Riko yerlilerinin k\u00f6kenini ayd\u0131nlat\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Fosille\u015fmi\u015f d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 analizleri Porto Riko yerlilerinin k\u00f6kenleri hakk\u0131nda bilgi veriyor. Fosille\u015fmi\u015f d\u0131\u015fk\u0131lar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011finde bulunan mikrop ve bitkilerin DNA analizi, Porto Riko\u2019da Kolomb\u2019un 1493\u2019teki geli\u015finden \u00f6nce ya\u015fayan iki yerli topluluk hakk\u0131nda bilgi veriyor. Mikrobiyal ipu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re, bu iki toplum k\u00f6ken olarak birbirlerinden farkl\u0131yd\u0131 ve de\u011fi\u015fik geleneklere sahiptiler; fakat Porto Riko\u2019da y\u00fczlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r birlikte ya\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Arkeologlar uzun zamand\u0131r bu iki halk\u0131n \u201cSaladoidler\u201d ve \u201cHuecoidler\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ayn\u0131 k\u00f6keni payla\u015f\u0131p payla\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 kesin olmasa bile, \u00e7\u00f6mlek yap\u0131m\u0131 gibi konularda birbirlerinden farkl\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlard\u0131. El zanaatlar\u0131 birbirinden olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 olan bu iki toplulu\u011fun \u00e7\u00f6mlek yap\u0131m tarz\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131kan yorumlara g\u00f6re, Saladoidlerin Venezuela\u2019dan geldi\u011fine inan\u0131l\u0131rken, Huecoidlerin Bolivya Andlar\u2019\u0131ndan gelmi\u015f olabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_25088\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-25088\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-25088\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/11-Kolomb-Karayiplerde-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/11-Kolomb-Karayiplerde.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/11-Kolomb-Karayiplerde-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/11-Kolomb-Karayiplerde-100x75.jpg 100w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/11-Kolomb-Karayiplerde-180x135.jpg 180w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/11-Kolomb-Karayiplerde-238x178.jpg 238w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-25088\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kolomb\u2019un Karayiplere ula\u015fmas\u0131, Porto Rikolular dahil, yerli halk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck kay\u0131plar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olmu\u015ftu.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu konuda daha kesin bir hik\u00e2ye sunmak amac\u0131yla fosille\u015fmi\u015f d\u0131\u015fk\u0131lar\u0131 incelemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Her iki topluluk da arkalar\u0131nda fosiller b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Porto Riko \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden mikrobiyolog Jessica Rivera-Perez ve Kaliforniya Politeknik \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Raul Caon, meslekta\u015flar\u0131yla birlikte ya\u015flar\u0131 1000-1600 y\u0131l olan 10 fosil \u00f6rne\u011finin DNA\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar. Hassas genetik dizilim tekniklerini kullanan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bir\u00e7ok bakteri, mantar ve bitki t\u00fcr\u00fcne ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>3,4 milyon DNA par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n analizinden sonra ortaya bu iki toplumun olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 t\u00fcketim al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Huecoidler Andlar\u2019da yeti\u015fen dar\u0131 ve <em>Saccharomyces<\/em> mayas\u0131 t\u00fcketmi\u015flerdi. Geleneksel bir Bolivya i\u00e7kisi olan \u201cchicha\u201d dar\u0131 ve maya ile yap\u0131l\u0131yordu. Saladoidlerin fosil DNA\u2019lar\u0131nda ise mayaya rastlanmad\u0131. Rivera-Perez\u2019e g\u00f6re bu mayan\u0131n Porto Riko\u2019da bulunmu\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi h\u00e2l\u00e2 kesin de\u011fil, fakat Huecoidler bu mayay\u0131 geldikleri yerden getirmi\u015f olabilir. Gene Saladoidlerin fosillerinde, bal\u0131ktan bula\u015fan bir parazit varken, Huecoidlerin fosilinde bir omurgas\u0131z paraziti bulundu.<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Amazon yerlilerinin d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 fosillerini de inceledi. Olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 mikrobiyal bir birle\u015fime sahip olan bu fosiller, modern \u00e7a\u011f yerlileri hakk\u0131nda ve organizmalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 fosilleri i\u00e7inde nas\u0131l korunmu\u015f halde olabilece\u011fine dair veriler de sunuyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fosille\u015fmi\u015f d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 analizleri Porto Riko yerlilerinin k\u00f6kenleri hakk\u0131nda bilgi veriyor. Fosille\u015fmi\u015f d\u0131\u015fk\u0131lar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011finde bulunan mikrop ve bitkilerin DNA analizi, Porto Riko\u2019da Kolomb\u2019un 1493\u2019teki geli\u015finden \u00f6nce ya\u015fayan iki yerli topluluk hakk\u0131nda bilgi veriyor. Mikrobiyal ipu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re, bu iki toplum k\u00f6ken olarak birbirlerinden farkl\u0131yd\u0131 ve de\u011fi\u015fik geleneklere sahiptiler; fakat Porto Riko\u2019da y\u00fczlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r birlikte ya\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Arkeologlar uzun [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":551,"featured_media":25086,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[161,19],"tags":[816,3184,3185],"class_list":["post-25077","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-124-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-fosil","tag-porto-riko","tag-yerliler"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25077","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/551"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25077"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25077\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25086"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25077"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25077"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25077"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}