{"id":25181,"date":"2014-09-01T12:45:19","date_gmt":"2014-09-01T09:45:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=25181"},"modified":"2018-05-11T12:49:33","modified_gmt":"2018-05-11T09:49:33","slug":"hypatianin-kucuk-adimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2014\/09\/01\/hypatianin-kucuk-adimi","title":{"rendered":"Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n \u2018k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ad\u0131m\u2019\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

5. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130skenderiye\u2019de bir kad\u0131n filozofun y\u00fckseli\u015fi ve buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n cinayeti\u2026 Her \u015feye ra\u011fmen insanl\u0131k tarihine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f izler yok edilebilir mi?<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>\u201cBu, insan i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, fakat insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in dev bir ad\u0131md\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ay\u2019a ayak basan ilk insan olarak tarihe ge\u00e7en Neil Armstrong\u2019a ait bu s\u00f6z\u00fc hepimiz biliriz. \u00dcnl\u00fc astronot bu c\u00fcmlede bir insan\u0131n ad\u0131m\u0131 ile insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131yaslar. \u0130nsan a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu s\u0131radan ad\u0131m, at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 mek\u00e2n g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda, insanl\u0131k tarihinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilerleme anlam\u0131na gelir. Neil Armstrong bug\u00fcn art\u0131k ya\u015fam\u0131yor, ama o bedenin atm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu o ad\u0131m, insanl\u0131k tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferini asla yitirmeyecek. Armstrong k\u0131yas\u0131n\u0131 bu incelikler \u00fczerinden kurar.<\/p>\n

Bilim, insan\u0131n do\u011fay\u0131 anlama ve a\u00e7\u0131klama etkinli\u011fidir. \u0130nsan, ayaklar\u0131 yere bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bilir. E\u011fer basm\u0131yorsa yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey s\u00f6zdebilimdir, k\u00e2hinliktir, safsatad\u0131r. Bunun ise bir tek kriteri olabilir; madde ile ne denli ha\u015f\u0131r ne\u015fir olundu\u011fu. Maddeyi ele al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z, incelersiniz, ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kavrars\u0131n\u0131z. Bu a\u015famada en b\u00fcy\u00fck yard\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131z bildiklerinizdir. E\u011fer bildiklerinizden \u015f\u00fcphe etmeniz i\u00e7in bir neden g\u00f6rd\u00fcyseniz sevinmelisiniz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yepyeni bir bilginin e\u015fi\u011finde olabilirsiniz. Bilim yolundaki her ilerleme \u00f6ncesinde bir \u015f\u00fcphedir, de\u011filse merakt\u0131r. Yani do\u011fas\u0131nda bir \u201cad\u0131m ad\u0131m\u201dl\u0131k vard\u0131r bilimin, insan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fc kehanetler ile de\u011fil duydu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcphe ve merak ile a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, tarih boyunca hakk\u0131nda en \u00e7ok merak duyulan \u015feyler aras\u0131nda ilk s\u0131ralardad\u0131r. Bu nedenle astronomi en eski dallar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcne dek say\u0131s\u0131z \u201ck\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ad\u0131m\u201da sahne olmu\u015ftur. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 da MS 4. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fayan \u0130skenderiyeli kad\u0131n filozof Hypatia\u2019ya aittir. Hypatia, ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 bilimsel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin ilkeleri ile \u015fekillendirmi\u015f bir tarihsel ki\u015filiktir. Babas\u0131, \u00fcnl\u00fc matematik ve astronomi bilgini Theon\u2019dur. Theon\u2019un bug\u00fcn ne do\u011fum ne de \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihi net olarak biliniyor, fakat kaynaklar MS 330\u2019lu y\u0131llarda do\u011fup 400\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llarda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Hypatia\u2019ya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da etmi\u015f olan Theon, \u00d6klid\u2019in (M\u00d6 330-275) Elementler<\/em>\u2019ine yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu tefsirle iz b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Ptolemaios\u2019un (MS 85-165) matematik ve astronomi metinlerinin de en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 tefsircilerinden biri yine odur. Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn \u201c\u00fcniversite\u201d kurumunun zamane modeli olan \u0130skenderiye \u201cMuseion\u201dunun \u00fcyelerinden biri ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6neticisidir. K\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n fikri h\u00fcr bir bilgin olarak yeti\u015fmesini istemi\u015f, onu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden itibaren matematik, astronomi ve felsefeye y\u00f6neltmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Hypatia ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u011fitimin ard\u0131ndan \u0130skenderiye \u201cMuseion\u201duna \u00fcye olur ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede kurumun sevilen bir y\u00fcz\u00fc haline gelir. M\u00fctevaz\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131, yak\u0131nlar\u0131na dost\u00e7a yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, bilge tav\u0131rlar\u0131 ve g\u00fczelli\u011fi onun \u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc iyiden iyiye art\u0131r\u0131r. Babas\u0131 ile birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00d6klid\u2019in Elementler<\/em>\u2019i, Ptolemaios\u2019un Almagest<\/em>\u2019i, Apollonius\u2019un (M\u00d6 262-190) konikleri gibi konularda dersler vermeye ba\u015flar. Platon (M\u00d6 427-347) ve Aristoteles (M\u00d6 384-322) \u00f6\u011fretilerini tinsel bir sentezle bulu\u015fturan, Plotinus (MS 205-270) ile birlikte an\u0131lan Yeni-Platonculuk adl\u0131 felsefe gelene\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Museion\u2019da bu konuda da e\u011fitimler verir. Do\u011fay\u0131 mant\u0131k, matematik ve deney ile a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Ancak, Ptolemaios\u2019un anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi D\u00fcnya sabit ve evrenin merkezinde, G\u00fcne\u015f ve di\u011fer gezegenler mi onun etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6n\u00fcyor; yoksa Aristarchus\u2019un (M\u00d6 310-230) dedi\u011fi gibi merkez olan G\u00fcne\u015f de, D\u00fcnya ve di\u011fer gezegenler mi onun etraf\u0131nda \u00a0bir y\u00f6r\u00fcnge \u00e7iziyor? Bu soru kafas\u0131n\u0131 hep kurcalar. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda bu konuyu hep tart\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir g\u00fcn hareketli bir arac\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde bir deney yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 rivayet edilir. Yeteri kadar y\u00fckseklikten, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 bir cismi yere do\u011fru b\u0131rak\u0131r. E\u011fer D\u00fcnya sabitse, Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu ara\u00e7 hareketli oldu\u011fundan, cisim bir hipoten\u00fcs \u00e7izerek yere dar a\u00e7\u0131 ile d\u00fc\u015fmelidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ptolemaios\u2019un anlatt\u0131klar\u0131nda D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n evrenin merkezinde oldu\u011funa kan\u0131t olarak cans\u0131z cisimlerin yer ile dik konumda bulu\u015fmalar\u0131 sunulmu\u015ftur. U\u00e7abilen canl\u0131lar\u0131n u\u00e7arak yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme yetene\u011fi de tamamen bu yasaya ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n beklentisi de cismin bir hipoten\u00fcs \u00e7izmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Oysa cisim, ara\u00e7 hareketli oldu\u011fu halde yere dik d\u00fc\u015fer. Hypatia bu durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a \u015fa\u015f\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n bilgeli\u011fi, g\u00fczelli\u011fi ve \u00f6l\u00fcm \u015fekli, hakk\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok efsane t\u00fcretilmesine sebep olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00fcnl\u00fc Frans\u0131z ayd\u0131nlanma filozofu Voltaire, Hypatia\u2019y\u0131 Ayd\u0131nlanman\u0131n ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011fa vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu bir kurban olarak ele al\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131nda Hypatia efsanesi zirvededir. \u00dcnl\u00fc Frans\u0131z \u015fair Leconte de Lisle (1818-1894) yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cHypatia\u201d adl\u0131 bir \u015fiirde ondan \u201cPlaton\u2019un ruhu ve Afrodit\u2019in bedeni\u201d diye s\u00f6z eder. \u0130ngiliz romanc\u0131 Charles Kingsley (1819-1875) Hypatia ya da<\/em> Eski Y\u00fczle Yeni D\u00fc\u015fmanlar<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir roman yazar. (1) Bu kurgusal romanda Hypatia H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 kin besleyen biridir. Yeni-Platoncu \u00f6\u011fretinin aksine, davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve tutumlar\u0131 neredeyse jakobenlik esintileri i\u00e7erir. Ancak Hypatia ger\u00e7ek bir fig\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Romanlarda, efsanelerde ad\u0131 ge\u00e7er; ama unutmamam\u0131z gerekir ki o bizimle ayn\u0131 d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f kanl\u0131 canl\u0131 bir biliminsan\u0131d\u0131r. Hayat\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 \u0130skenderiye\u2019de ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Gen\u00e7lik-olgunluk aras\u0131 bir \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda Atina ve Roma\u2019ya gitti\u011fi ve buralarda e\u011fitim ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylense de, bu hi\u00e7bir kaynakta do\u011frulanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak kesin olan bir \u015fey vard\u0131r, tarihe \u201c\u0130skenderiyeli Hypatia\u201d olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130skenderiye ve Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130skenderiye\u2019nin temelleri M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender (M\u00d6 356-323) taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130skender\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra \u015fehrin y\u00f6netimini eline alan kurmay\u0131 Ptolemaios I. Soter (M\u00d6 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l) sava\u015f\u0131 sevmez, entelekt\u00fcel etkinliklere merak duyard\u0131. \u015eehri de buna g\u00f6re kurdurdu. \u0130skenderiye Museion\u2019u, saray\u0131n yan\u0131nda konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. D\u00f6nemin b\u00fct\u00fcn bitki ve hayvan \u00f6rneklerini bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir botanik bah\u00e7esi, rasathane, anatomi salonu gibi b\u00f6l\u00fcmleriyle o devir i\u00e7in \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir zenginli\u011fe sahipti. Paganlar atalar\u0131n\u0131n tanr\u0131lar\u0131na burada ibadet ederlerdi. Museion\u2019un k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp geli\u015fmi\u015fti ki, ad\u0131 Museion\u2019dan ayr\u0131 an\u0131l\u0131r ya da \u0130skenderiye K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi dendi\u011finde do\u011frudan Museion kastedilir olmu\u015ftu; nitekim bug\u00fcn de b\u00f6yledir. \u00d6klid, Ar\u015fimet, Ptolemaios burada \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015eehirde sadece \u0130skender d\u00f6neminden kalma Helen k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ait insanlar de\u011fil, M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar ve Yahudiler de ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Zamanla H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131yla \u015fehirde Paganlar ile H\u0131ristiyanlar ve Yahudiler ile H\u0131ristiyanlar aras\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00d6zellikle Ba\u015frahip Theophilus zaman\u0131nda \u0130skenderiye\u2019de bu olaylar daha da b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Theophilus \u00e7oktanr\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 seferberlik ilan etmi\u015f, \u00e7oktanr\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n kutsal mek\u00e2n\u0131 Serapeum\u2019u hedef alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kurdu\u011fu otorite ile ad\u0131ndan \u201ckilisenin firavunu\u201d diye s\u00f6z edilirdi. Fakat yine de \u015f\u00f6yle bir iyi yan\u0131 vard\u0131; Museion\u2019daki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ve Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n derslerine kar\u015f\u0131 bir kast\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oysa ondan sonra ba\u015frahipli\u011fe gelecek olan ye\u011feni Cyril d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle konu\u015famay\u0131z. Hypatia d\u00f6nemin ileri gelenleri aras\u0131nda sayg\u0131n bir ki\u015filikti. \u00d6\u011frencileri yaln\u0131z \u0130skenderiyeliler de\u011fildi, \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerden, H\u0131ristiyanlar dahil, farkl\u0131 dinlerden derslerine kat\u0131lmak isteyenler oluyordu. Evi bilginler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir u\u011frak yeriydi. E\u011fer \u00f6\u011frencilerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 sayacak olursak; Cyrene ba\u015frahibi \u0130znikli Synesius, onun karde\u015fi ve halefi Euoptius, Suriye\u2019nin \u00f6nemli toprak sahiplerinden Olympius, \u0130skenderiye\u2019nin sayg\u0131n ki\u015filerinden Herculanius ve \u0130skenderiye Valisi Orestes \u00f6rneklerini verebiliriz. Ayn\u0131 zamanda engin n\u00fcfuza da sahipti. Nitekim bu engin n\u00fcfuzu ve Vali Orestes ile yak\u0131n dostlu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn sebeplerinden olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hypatia, Diophantus\u2019un (MS 200\/214 – 284\/298) Aritmetik<\/em> ve Astronomi Kitab\u0131<\/em> adl\u0131 eserleri \u00fczerinde yo\u011fun emek sarf etmi\u015ftir, zira Diophantus Antik\u00e7a\u011f\u2019\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 en zor matematik bilgini olarak bilinegelir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ait birtak\u0131m par\u00e7alar Vatikan Kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda bulunmu\u015ftur. Ayr\u0131ca Ptolemaios\u2019un Almagest<\/em> ve Kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 Cetveller<\/em>\u2019ine elyazmas\u0131 ciltler haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 olas\u0131d\u0131r. Babas\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6klid\u2019in Elementler<\/em>\u2019i \u00fczerine haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu elyazmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir ve Apollonius\u2019un konikleri \u00fczerine bir eser ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ve en \u00f6nemlisi D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f etraf\u0131nda bir elips \u00e7izerek d\u00f6nmesi fikri, ilk Hypatia taraf\u0131ndan teoriye d\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Yani Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n att\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ad\u0131m tam 1200 y\u0131l sonras\u0131na i\u015faret eder; astronom Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) gezegenlerin hareket etti\u011fi kapal\u0131 e\u011frilerden birini, elipsi tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (1609).<\/p>\n

Hen\u00fcz 5. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir kad\u0131na ait bu portre insanl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gurur vericidir. Fakat ne yaz\u0131k ki \u0130skenderiye Ba\u015frahibi Cyril bu gururu baltalar. Cyril 412 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015frahip olu\u015fundan itibaren selefi ve amcas\u0131 \u201ckilisenin firavunu\u201d Theophilus\u2019u aratacak uygulamalara imza atar. \u201cDinin safl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan bir sava\u015f\u201d ba\u015flat\u0131r ve resmi inanca (H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011fa) ba\u011fl\u0131 olmayan gruplar\u0131 kilisenin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na al\u0131r. Emrindeki Parabolani toplulu\u011fu onun d\u00f6neminde bir yard\u0131m kurulu\u015fu olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p din ad\u0131na bir araya gelmi\u015f-getirilmi\u015f bir fedailer toplulu\u011fu haline gelir. Parabolaniler \u015f\u0131mar\u0131k ve ta\u015fk\u0131n tav\u0131rlar\u0131yla \u015fehir hayat\u0131n\u0131 etkileri alt\u0131na al\u0131rlar. Paganlar ve Yahudiler ile s\u0131k s\u0131k \u00e7at\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Zamanla valili\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 askerlerden daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olurlar. Bu durum Cyril\u2019e daha fazla \u00f6zg\u00fcven verir ve Cyril kendisini iktidar ile rakip g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flar. O s\u0131rada valilik g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fcten, Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencisi ve yak\u0131n dostu Orestes ile kimi zaman uzaktan, kimi zaman y\u00fcz y\u00fcze s\u00fcrt\u00fc\u015fmelere girer. \u0130ncil<\/em>\u2019e yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 geli\u015fig\u00fczel \u00e7eviriler ile kendi etki alan\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fleterek \u015fehrin idaresini zorlamaya ba\u015flar. Bu durum Orestes\u2019i de radikalle\u015ftirir, fakat Cyril i\u00e7in Orestes\u2019i hedef g\u00f6stermek kolayd\u0131r: \u201cVali bir kad\u0131n ile ak\u0131l al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi yap\u0131yor.\u201d Bu durumu geni\u015f halk kitleleri aras\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131layarak te\u015fhir eder. \u0130ncil<\/em>\u2019de belirtilen ve \u0130sa\u2019n\u0131n uygulam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu d\u00fczene g\u00f6re, kad\u0131n\u0131n erke\u011fin \u00fczerinde de\u011fil, erke\u011fin kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde egemen olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek bir k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtma ba\u015flat\u0131r. Hypatia\u2019y\u0131 gizli ayinler d\u00fczenlemekle ve H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k i\u00e7in en a\u011f\u0131r su\u00e7 olan kara b\u00fcy\u00fc yapmakla itham eder. Ne yaz\u0131k ki Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma tarz\u0131n\u0131n buna a\u00e7\u0131k kap\u0131 b\u0131rakmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyemeyiz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o d\u00f6nemde Pythagoras\u00e7\u0131lardan kalma bir adet olarak felsefe bir gizli bilgiler atlas\u0131d\u0131r. Pythagoras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n ard\u0131l\u0131 olan Yeni-Platoncular da bunu b\u00f6yle g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve b\u00f6yle icra etmi\u015flerdir. Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n halk\u0131n anlayabilece\u011fi d\u00fczeyde olmay\u0131p, halka a\u00e7\u0131k olsa da yaln\u0131zca y\u00fcksek bilgili insanlara hitap eden dersleri bu t\u00fcr spek\u00fclasyonlara olanak sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Cyril de bu durumdan faydalanarak karalamalarla Hypatia\u2019y\u0131 H\u0131ristiyan ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hedefine oturtur. Bu giri\u015fimlerinin sonucunda Peter ad\u0131nda bir vaizin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Parabolaniler ve ke\u015fi\u015flerden olu\u015fan kalabal\u0131k bir grup Hypatia\u2019y\u0131 canice katleder (Mart 415).<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak Hypatia\u2019n\u0131n bedeni ba\u011fnazlar\u0131n elinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r belki ama, g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere bilime sundu\u011fu katk\u0131lar insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak akl\u0131nda yerini korumaktad\u0131r. Bu cinayet literat\u00fcrde farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde kendini g\u00f6sterir. Kimi zaman tarihsel gereklili\u011fin bir sonucu, kimi zaman bir suikast olarak yorumlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hypatia ad\u0131n\u0131 baz\u0131 feminist yay\u0131nlara da vermi\u015ftir. Atina\u2019da 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131n hayat\u0131na ba\u015flayan Hypatia – Feminist Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar<\/em> ve 1986\u2019da \u0130ndiana \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde \u00e7\u0131kan Hypatia – Feminist Felsefe Dergisi<\/em> buna \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n

Hypatia hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli eserlere de de\u011finmi\u015ftik. Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda Bilim ve Gelecek Kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kacak \u00e7izgiroman \u201c\u0130skenderiyeli Hypatia\u201d onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda yerini alacak.<\/p>\n

Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) \u0130skenderiyeli Hypatia<\/em>, Maria Dzielska, Berfin Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul 1999.<\/p>\n

2) http:\/\/matematikkoyu.org\/e-kutuphane\/makaleler\/oyun_hypatia.pdf<\/p>\n

3) Agora<\/em> (film), Y\u00f6netmen: Alejandro Amen\u00e0bar, \u0130spanya 2009.<\/p>\n

4) Vikipedi\u2019deki \u201c\u0130skenderiyeli Hypatia\u201d, \u201c\u0130skenderiye Museion\u2019u\u201d , \u201cKlaudyos Ptolemaios (Batlamyus)\u201d, \u201cTheon\u201d ve \u201cJohannes Kepler\u201d maddeleri.<\/p>\n

5) \u0130skenderiyeli Hypatia<\/em>, Yazan ve \u00e7izen: Soner Tuna, Bilim ve Gelecek Kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Eyl\u00fcl 2014 (Bu \u00e7izgiroman, siz bu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 okurken, kitap\u00e7\u0131 raflar\u0131ndaki yerini alm\u0131\u015f olacak.)<\/p>\n

6) Tarihi De\u011fi\u015ftiren Bilginler<\/em>, Ali \u00c7imen, Tima\u015f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul 2011.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

5. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130skenderiye\u2019de bir kad\u0131n filozofun y\u00fckseli\u015fi ve buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n cinayeti\u2026 Her \u015feye ra\u011fmen insanl\u0131k tarihine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f izler yok edilebilir mi? \u00a0\u201cBu, insan i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, fakat insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in dev bir ad\u0131md\u0131r.\u201d Ay\u2019a ayak basan ilk insan olarak tarihe ge\u00e7en Neil Armstrong\u2019a ait bu s\u00f6z\u00fc hepimiz biliriz. \u00dcnl\u00fc astronot bu c\u00fcmlede bir insan\u0131n ad\u0131m\u0131 ile […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":598,"featured_media":25182,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[164,511],"tags":[248,2537,3211,208],"class_list":["post-25181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-127-sayi","category-yayin-dunyasi","tag-astronomi","tag-hypatia","tag-iskenderiye","tag-matematik"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t