“Madencilik en a\u011f\u0131r ve tehlikeli i\u015f koludur; burada k\u00e2r g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fcyle i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz. \u00d6zelle\u015ftirilemez, kamusal olmas\u0131 gerekir, i\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ta\u015feronla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz. Ancak insan odakl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesini i\u00e7eren sosyopolitik bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin varolmas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olacakt\u0131r”<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n Tayyip Erdo\u011fan Soma\u2019daki facian\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda; \u201cArkada\u015flar bu t\u00fcr ocaklarda bu olaylar hi\u00e7 olmaz diye yorumlamayal\u0131m. Bunlar ola\u011fan \u015feylerdir. Literat\u00fcrde i\u015f kazas\u0131 denilen bir olay vard\u0131r. Bunun yap\u0131s\u0131nda, f\u0131trat\u0131nda bunlar var. Tabi i\u015fin boyutunun bu kadar fazla olmas\u0131 bizi derinden yaralam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d dedi. 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda Zonguldak Karadon\u2019daki grizu patlamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan da \u201cBu mesle\u011fin kaderinde maalesef bu var. Bu mesle\u011fe giren karde\u015flerim bunu bilerek giriyorlar.\u201d demi\u015fti. Biz de konuyu bir uzmana, Marmara \u00dcniversitesi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Ekonomisi ve End\u00fcstri \u0130li\u015fkileri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlisi ve ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0130stanbul \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0130\u015f G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Meclisi \u00fcyesi Yrd. Do\u00e7. Dr. Berna G\u00fcler M\u00fcft\u00fco\u011flu\u2019na sormak istedik.<\/p>\n Hocam, Ba\u015fbakan hakl\u0131 m\u0131? \u201c\u0130\u015f kazalar\u0131\u201dnda \u00f6lmek maden i\u015f\u00e7isinin kaderi mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n Asla ve asla… \u201cKaza\u201d dedi\u011fimiz \u015fey beklenmeyen, \u00f6nlenemez, engellenemez ve ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lamaz bir durumdur. Oysa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n beden ve zihin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na zarar verebilecek riskler \u00f6nlenebilir, engellenebilir. Ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz de\u011fildir. Bu riskli durumlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcne \u201ckaza\u201d denip ge\u00e7ilmesinin bir nedeni var, oradan ba\u015flayal\u0131m. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn h\u00e2kim \u00fcretim tarz\u0131 olan kapitalist i\u015f d\u00fczeninde hedef k\u00e2r\u0131n maksimizasyonudur. Ne kadar \u00e7ok \u00fcretim, o kadar \u00e7ok kazan\u00e7\u2026 \u00dcretim olmaz ise sistemin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi ve varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadan kalkacakt\u0131r. Bu kadar \u00e7ok \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131y\u0131 yaratmak i\u00e7in bol emek g\u00fcc\u00fcne, i\u015fe ko\u015fulacak zihin ve kol eme\u011fine ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. Her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fuluna raz\u0131 olan emek g\u00fcc\u00fc ise en makbul olan\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iyi her t\u00fcrl\u00fc riski g\u00f6ze almaya ve r\u0131za g\u00f6stermeye zorlayan d\u00fczen, i\u015ften do\u011fan riskleri ortadan kald\u0131racak \u015fartlara gelince, bunu en az maliyetle ve asgari \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctte yerine getirmekle yetinir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7inin ve toplumun r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 alarak bu i\u015fleyi\u015fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek ad\u0131na, emek\u00e7ilerin zihin ve beden b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131racak riskler \u201ckaza\u201d kavram\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015f hayat\u0131 ba\u015ftan sona risktir. Evden i\u015fyerine giderken, i\u015fyerinde ve i\u015fyerinden eve gelinceye kadar emek\u00e7iler risk alt\u0131nda olup bu risklerin ba\u015ftan sona sorumlusu patron ve d\u00fczeni sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olan, bunu iddia eden devlettir. Milyarda bir ihtimalle ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilecek bir durum s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda bile, al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekli t\u00fcm \u00f6nlemler maliyet sebebiyle al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015fsa, ortada bir kaza falan yoktur. Burada \u201ci\u015f kazas\u0131\u201d ifadesi bir t\u00fcr ill\u00fczyon yaratmaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fbakan bunu kader, f\u0131trat gibi inanca dair kavramlarla izah ediyor ama inan\u00e7 sahipleri iyi bilirler, \u201cko\u015ful ne olur olsun \u00f6nce tedbir, sonra tevekk\u00fcl\u201d denir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6nlenebilir, engellenebilir oldu\u011fu halde \u201ci\u015f kazas\u0131\u201d \u00f6nlenmiyor, engellenmiyor ise, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazl\u0131k yaftas\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131l\u0131yor ise, o zaman bu bile bile cana kast etmektir, bir \u201ci\u015f cinayeti\u201ddir.<\/p>\n En y\u00fcksek \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de<\/strong><\/p>\n Ayn\u0131 bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda Ba\u015fbakan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne dayanak olarak ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerden de \u00f6rnekler verdi, bunlara ne diyeceksiniz? <\/strong><\/p>\n Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6rnekleri \u00e7ok ironik, ayn\u0131 zamanda trajiktir. Neden? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc verdi\u011fi \u00f6rnekler 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan ya da 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndand\u0131r. Memlekette kapitalist \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerinin bug\u00fcn geldi\u011fi noktan\u0131n, 19. ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndaki vah\u015fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 oldu\u011funun bir itiraf\u0131d\u0131r bu. Bug\u00fcn sistemin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc, y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 ve tahrip edici unsurlar\u0131n\u0131, t\u0131pk\u0131 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u201cvah\u015fi kapitalizm\u201dinde oldu\u011fu gibi g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Bak\u0131n ben sosyal politika dersi veriyorum; \u00f6\u011frencilerim birinci d\u00f6nem 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda madenlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 toplumsal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi i\u00e7inde anlatan Germinal<\/em> roman\u0131n\u0131 okuyorlar, Emile Zola\u2019n\u0131n roman\u0131n\u0131. \u0130kinci d\u00f6nemde ise, 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frencim Ba\u011fdag\u00fcl Tan\u0131\u015f ile birlikte ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuz \u201c21. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Zonguldak Maden \u0130\u015fletmelerinde \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Hayat\u0131: Bir Kesit-Tek Ger\u00e7ek\u201d adl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 inceliyorlar. \u0130ki y\u00fczy\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 benzerlik, kapitalist \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerinin asl\u0131na r\u00fccu etmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kapitalist \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerinin \u00f6z\u00fc ayn\u0131d\u0131r, bug\u00fcn sadece bi\u00e7im de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f durumdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015fenler ne peki?<\/strong><\/p>\n Kapitalist d\u00fczenin sahiplerine kalsa, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ili\u015fkilerini o vah\u015fi kapitalizm d\u00f6neminin \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fctecekler. Ama eme\u011fin kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 var o g\u00fcnlerden bug\u00fcne. Erken kapitalistle\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin tarihinde maden i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00e7abalar\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kolektif m\u00fccadelelerle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fckleri hak aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Emek\u00e7iler siyasal, toplumsal ve demokratik m\u00fccadeleleri ile \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131mlar elde edilmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn bu \u00fclkelerde, yine kazan\u0131lan haklar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterilen kolektif \u00e7aba sayesinde, i\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusu maliyeti y\u00fcksek olsa da ciddiye al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00fclkelerde neoliberalizmin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahribat\u0131n belli bir s\u0131n\u0131rda tutulmas\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda da tarihsel kolektif m\u00fccadele yatar.<\/p>\n Size birka\u00e7 rakam vereyim ger\u00e7ek bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rabilme yapabilmeniz i\u00e7in. Bak\u0131n, d\u00fcnyada 1375 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri \u201ci\u015f kazalar\u0131\u201dn\u0131n kayd\u0131 tutulur ve Soma 650 y\u0131ldan beri d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f en b\u00fcy\u00fck 24. maden facias\u0131 olarak kara tarihe ge\u00e7ti. Almanya\u2019daki son b\u00fcy\u00fck maden facias\u0131 1962 y\u0131l\u0131nda oldu ve 299 maden i\u015f\u00e7isi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi. Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn (ILO) en son 2012 verilerine g\u00f6re, madencilikte \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7i ba\u015f\u0131na en y\u00fcksek \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019dedir. 2003-2012 d\u00f6neminde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 100 bin maden i\u015f\u00e7isi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131s\u0131 677 ki\u015fi. Bu \u0130ngiltere ve Norve\u00e7\u2019in 11 kat\u0131, Almanya ve Avustralya\u2019n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 6 kat\u0131, Polonya ve \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 kat\u0131, ABD\u2019nin ise 2,5 kat\u0131 d\u00fczeyindedir (Tablo 1). Bir ba\u015fka bi\u00e7imde ifade edersek, \u00fcretilen k\u00f6m\u00fcr miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re, bir ton k\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00fcretimi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 ABD\u2019de 0,2 iken T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 7,22\u2019dir. Yani 36 kat.<\/p>\n \u00dcstelik T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de madende ve di\u011fer sekt\u00f6rlerde i\u015fe ba\u011fl\u0131 nedenle \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin say\u0131s\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ederken ba\u015fa \u201cen az\u201d ibaresini ilave etmek gerekli. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlar sadece kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7enler. Bir de, bir \u015fekilde \u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6rt\u00fclen, ka\u00e7ak i\u015fletmelerde kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6l\u00fcmleri var. Maden sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde hi\u00e7 de az\u0131msanayacak say\u0131da ka\u00e7ak maden i\u015fletmeleri mevcut. Hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m birlikte; 13 May\u0131s\u2019ta Soma i\u015f cinayeti katliam\u0131n\u0131n ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc Zonguldak\u2019ta ruhsats\u0131z bir ocakta g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fck oldu ve bir maden i\u015f\u00e7isi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n Kullan\u0131lan teknolojinin de etkisi var m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n Var tabi. Erken kapitalist \u00fclkelerde maden sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde yo\u011fun olarak ileri teknoloji kullan\u0131lmakta. Bizde ise esas olarak, maliyet etkinlik hesab\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funun de\u011ferlendirilmesiyle emek yo\u011fun \u00fcretim teknikleri kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Ba\u015fta TMMOB Elektrik M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131, Makine M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 ve Maden M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ileri teknoloji kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, bilgi birikimi ve deneyimlerin payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 var. Raporlarla ortaya konuluyor bu. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Devlet Denetleme Kurulu\u2019nun 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda madencilik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada da emek yo\u011fun teknolojilerin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor. \u00d6te yandan ayn\u0131 raporda k\u00fcresel rekabet ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in madencilikte \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme ve ticarile\u015fme uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da alt\u0131 \u00e7iziliyor. T\u00fcrkiye gibi \u00fclkelerin k\u00fcresel rekabet kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda durabilmesi ucuz eme\u011fe dayanmay\u0131 gerektiriyor.<\/p>\n Bununla birlikte kapitalist d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin dinamikleri de olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nem arz ediyor. Gelecek yirmi y\u0131lda toplam d\u00fcnya enerji t\u00fcketiminin y\u00fczde 59 artaca\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. Bu art\u0131\u015f erken kapitalistle\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde y\u00fczde 25 olurken, Asya ve G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019da iki kattan fazla olacak. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerinde k\u00f6m\u00fcr t\u00fcketimi y\u00fczde 38 d\u00fczeyine inerken, Asya-Pasifik \u00fclkelerinde bu oran y\u00fczde 371 art\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7 kapitalistle\u015fen \u00fclkeler kirli ve a\u011f\u0131r \u00fcretim ko\u015fullar\u0131 olan linyit ve ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fcretiminden vazge\u00e7mektedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise, madencilik ve madene dayal\u0131 sanayi ile birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, olu\u015fan katma de\u011ferin GSMH i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 12\u2019yi bulur. Bu da yakla\u015f\u0131k 22 milyarl\u0131k de\u011fer yarat\u0131yor demektir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yerel, ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 sermayeler i\u00e7in yeni sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131m ve de\u011ferlenme alan\u0131 olarak bak\u0131l\u0131yor bu alana.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fil \u201ci\u015fin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n O halde neoliberal ekonomi politikalar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmelerin de i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fiyle ili\u015fkisi var\u2026 <\/strong><\/p>\n Bunu biraz daha geni\u015f bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede ele alabiliriz. Kapitalist \u00fcretim ili\u015fkileri liberal politikalarla beslenen ve kendine yol bulan bir \u00fcretim tarz\u0131d\u0131r. Ama bununla birlikte kendi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla devletin ekonomiye m\u00fcdahalesini ister ve talep yanl\u0131 politikalarla desteklenmeyi uygun manevra alan\u0131 olarak kabul eder. 1945-1970 aras\u0131 tam da b\u00f6yle bir d\u00f6nemdi. Bu d\u00f6nem \u201ckapitalizmin alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131\u201d olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise 1960-1980 d\u00f6neminde ithal ikameci birikim rejimi yerel ve ulusal sermaye birikimini \u00e7o\u011faltmaya d\u00f6n\u00fckt\u00fc. Ancak eme\u011fin sosyal haklar\u0131n\u0131n kazan\u0131m\u0131 zorlu ve zahmetli ko\u015fullarda, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 alanlarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m; 1965 y\u0131l\u0131nda Zonguldak Kozlu\u2019da maden i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin ikramiye ve primlerinin adil da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in direni\u015fe ba\u015flamalar\u0131 sonras\u0131 \u201casayi\u015f\u201d bozuluyor diye b\u00f6lgeye jandarma g\u00f6nderilmesi ile \u00e7\u0131kan arbedede jandarma taraf\u0131ndan ate\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, iki maden i\u015f\u00e7isi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015fti. Emek hareketinin sosyal hak taleplerindeki demokratik m\u00fccadelesi devletin daima bask\u0131 ve \u015fiddetine mazhar oldu yani.<\/p>\n Ama yine de, 24 Ocak 1980\u2019de ihracata dayal\u0131 sanayile\u015fme modeline ge\u00e7i\u015f karar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc muhalefetin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle ancak 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980 sonras\u0131 uygulanabildi. \u0130hracata dayal\u0131 sanayile\u015fme modelinin in\u015fas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan esas malzeme ise neoliberal politikalar oldu. Kamu harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n daralt\u0131lmas\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, mali disiplin-s\u0131k\u0131 para politikas\u0131, \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme, ticarile\u015ftirme, istihdam\u0131n esnekle\u015ftirmesi, alts\u00f6zle\u015fme ili\u015fkisi kurularak \u00fcretimin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 fason ve ta\u015feron \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131…\u00a0 Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra tarihsel geli\u015fimi i\u00e7inde bireysel olarak i\u015f\u00e7inin patron kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda korunmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren i\u015f yasalar\u0131, 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda getirilen 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Yasas\u0131 ile esas olarak patronu koruyan bir i\u00e7erik kazand\u0131. 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Yasas\u0131nda \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d kavram\u0131 terk edilerek \u201ci\u015fin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d yani s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olmas\u0131 esas al\u0131nd\u0131. B\u00f6ylece i\u015f\u00e7inin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tali bir konu haline geldi. Sosyal haklar hukukun bo\u015fluklar\u0131 g\u00f6zetilerek baz\u0131 kazan\u0131mlar sa\u011flanmaya mahk\u00fbm b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Art\u0131k bireysel \u00e7abaya ve m\u00fccadeleyi ama\u00e7 edinmi\u015f hukuk\u00e7ulara \u00e7ok i\u015f d\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te sendikalar\u0131n da etkisizle\u015fti\u011fi bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak ya\u015fand\u0131. Sald\u0131r\u0131 yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131rken i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 kendisini koruyacak \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fckten yoksun kald\u0131.<\/p>\n K\u00f6pekleri sal\u0131p ta\u015flar\u0131 ba\u011flad\u0131lar yani\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n Evet, 1980 sonras\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc daral\u0131p \u00fcye say\u0131s\u0131 h\u0131zla d\u00fc\u015fen sendikalar, g\u00fc\u00e7 kaybetmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Muhafazak\u00e2r-liberal h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan 6356 say\u0131l\u0131 Sendikalar ve Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Yasas\u0131n\u0131n ilerici bir yasa oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylense de, ILO 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131 duymayan \u00fclkeler listesi\u201dne d\u00e2hil etti. Nedeni ise sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme i\u00e7in, 30\u2019dan az i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan yerlerde sendikal\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in i\u015ften at\u0131lmay\u0131 i\u00e7eren yasal d\u00fczenlemeyle sendika \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne tamamen ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7ermesidir. Yasalar sendikala\u015fmay\u0131 g\u00fcd\u00fckle\u015ftirdi\u011fi gibi sendikalar\u0131n m\u00fccadele etme g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc de k\u0131rd\u0131. Art\u0131k sendikal m\u00fccadelede i\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ikinci planda kalan ba\u015fl\u0131klar durumunda, bunun yerine \u00fccret ve stat\u00fckoyu koruma anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 giderek h\u00e2kim olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n Yine de bir\u00e7ok i\u015fyerinde direni\u015fler s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin Yata\u011fan Termik Santralinin \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan sendikal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iler Ankara\u2019da da \u00d6zelle\u015ftirme \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde direnme\u011fe devam ediyor. Ama buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, T\u00fcrkiye uygulanan y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 ekonomi politikalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck talepleri ile m\u00fccadele eden emek\u00e7ilerin \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmas\u0131 geli\u015fkin demokratik taleplerin yerine getirilmesini imk\u00e2ns\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. \u015eu listelere bak\u0131n; T\u00fcrkiye insan haklar\u0131 ihlalleri raporuna g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyada birinci, i\u015f cinayetlerinde d\u00fcnya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc ve Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n birincisi, kad\u0131n cinayetlerinde d\u00fcnya birincisi, gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ve adaletsizli\u011finde d\u00fcnya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc ve yolsuzluk s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda d\u00fcnya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Kader de\u011fil k\u00e2r h\u0131rs\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Bu neoliberal politikalar madenlerde ve \u00f6zelde Soma\u2019da nas\u0131l i\u015flemi\u015f?<\/strong><\/p>\n Neoliberal politikalar sermaye d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kesimler i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 bir tahribat yarat\u0131rken sermaye kesimi i\u00e7in birikim s\u00fcrecini h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve \u00e7okla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 etkide bulunur. Burada madenler i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu olan da, devletin elinde bulunan linyit ve ta\u015f k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilme uygulamalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda sermaye i\u00e7in yeni de\u011ferlenme alan\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bir t\u00fcr \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme uygulamas\u0131 olarak 1989 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri T\u00fcrkiye K\u00f6m\u00fcr \u0130\u015fletmelerine ba\u011fl\u0131 i\u015fletmelerde \u201ci\u015flet, \u00fcretimi devlete sat\u201d kural\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren r\u00f6dovans sistemi uygulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Bu bir t\u00fcr ta\u015feronluk sistemidir. Ancak Say\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n TK\u0130 S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 Sorumlu Ege \u0130\u015fletmesi M\u00fcessesesi 2012 raporuna g\u00f6re, buradakinin r\u00f6dovans sistemi de\u011fil Kamu \u0130hale Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hizmet al\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu yap\u0131lan yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 ve hilelidir. 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda TK\u0130\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Soma\u2019da bulunan i\u015fletmeyi \u00f6nce Park Madencilik daha sonra da 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda Soma Holding devralm\u0131\u015f. 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda Soma Holding ikinci i\u015fletmeyi de Ciner Grup\u2019tan sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n 2007\u2019den sonra temiz enerji olarak kullan\u0131m\u0131n kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekilerek evde ve i\u015fyerlerinde kullan\u0131lan do\u011falgaz\u0131n ithalat fiyat\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 ve cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131rmas\u0131 nedeniyle, 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda itibaren linyit ve ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fcretimi h\u0131zla artar, kullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015f\u0131r. (Tablo 2) Artan talebi kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere do\u011falgaza g\u00f6re daha ucuz olan linyit ve ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fcretiminin art\u0131\u015f\u0131na h\u0131z verilir. Bununla birlikte iktidar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u00fcreklili\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in dar gelirli kesime paras\u0131z k\u00f6m\u00fcr yard\u0131m\u0131 yapmaya \u00f6zel bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vermesi \u00fcretim bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. T\u00fcm halk\u0131n \u00f6dedi\u011fi vergilerle sat\u0131n al\u0131nan k\u00f6m\u00fcr kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u015fekilde sosyal yard\u0131m mekanizmas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve bu durum iktidar\u0131n bekas\u0131n\u0131 devaml\u0131 k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n Soma Holding\u2019e gelince; bu firma ISO\u2019nun ilk 500 firmas\u0131 i\u00e7inde 231. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor. Holdingin patronu \u201cTTK k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc 120-130 dolara \u00fcretiyor, biz 23,8 dolar \u00fcretiyoruz\u201d demi\u015fti. Ve 13 May\u0131s 2014\u2019de Soma Holding\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6m\u00fcr oca\u011f\u0131nda resmi rakamlara g\u00f6re 300\u2019den fazla maden i\u015f\u00e7isi i\u015f cinayetine kurban gitti. Ucuz ve yo\u011fun \u00fcretim bask\u0131s\u0131yla, en az maliyetle kotar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi nedeniyle canlara bilerek kast edilmi\u015f ve hayattan kopar\u0131ld\u0131. Burada Soma Holding\u2019in yan\u0131 s\u0131ra as\u0131l i\u015fveren TK\u0130 ve Enerji ve Tabi Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bu i\u015f cinayetinden birinci dereceden sorumludurlar.<\/p>\n Yani Soma\u2019daki facia kaza de\u011fil cinayet. Sebebi de kader de\u011fil k\u00e2r h\u0131rs\u0131\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n K\u0131sa ve \u00f6z olarak; kapitalist \u00fcretim sistemi ve bunun uygulama arac\u0131 olan neoliberal politikalar sistematik i\u015f cinayetinin ana nedenidir. Madencilik en a\u011f\u0131r ve tehlikeli i\u015f koludur; burada k\u00e2r g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fcyle i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz. \u00d6zelle\u015ftirilemez, kamusal olmas\u0131 gerekir, i\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ta\u015feronla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz. Meselenin temeli \u015fudur; ancak ve ancak insan odakl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesini i\u00e7eren sosyopolitik bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin var olmas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olacakt\u0131r. Di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler ge\u00e7ici ve tedrici uygulamadan ba\u015fka bir i\u015fe yaramayacakt\u0131r. Bir can da, bin can da \u00e7ok de\u011ferlidir. \u0130nsan hayat\u0131n\u0131n ikamesi yoktur. Ancak serbest piyasa ekonomisinde \u00f6len canlar\u0131n ikamesi, \u00a0i\u015fsizlikle terbiye edilen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nsal emek havuzunda, kar\u0131n toklu\u011funa, en k\u00f6t\u00fc i\u015f i\u015fsizlikten iyidir diyerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya haz\u0131r olan i\u015f\u00e7iler var oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece devaml\u0131l\u0131k arz etmektedir. Facian\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan, \u201c\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zorunday\u0131m, kredi borcum var, madene yine inece\u011fim\u201d diyen i\u015f\u00e7ileri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fsizli\u011fin h\u0131zl\u0131 art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ise en fazla tar\u0131m\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 tasfiye s\u00fcrecine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Yeni K\u00f6y Yasas\u0131 ile k\u00f6ylerin mahalleye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, arazi toplula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin topraks\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeli \u00e7ift\u00e7ilikle kendi topra\u011f\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7i olanlar\u0131n bor\u00e7lanmas\u0131 ve \u00f6deyemez hale gelip topraklar\u0131n elinden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 bu s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Buna HES in\u015faatlar\u0131 sebebiyle topraklar\u0131n kayb\u0131n\u0131, akarsular\u0131n ve derelerin yollar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesini, sular\u0131n \u00e7ekilmesini ve hasad\u0131n azalmas\u0131n\u0131, k\u0131rsal yerle\u015fim yerlerinin yok olmas\u0131n\u0131 ekleyin. Soma maden oca\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin bir\u00e7o\u011funun g\u00f6\u00e7 ile geldi\u011fini ve eskiden tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz.<\/p>\n Kapitalizmin do\u011fas\u0131ndaki k\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rma g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fc ile tam bir i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve i\u015f kazalar\u0131n\u0131n en aza indirilmesi bir arada bulunabilir mi? \u0130\u015f cinayetleri kapitalizmin f\u0131trat\u0131nda var diyebilir miyiz? <\/strong><\/p>\n Evet, kapitalizmin do\u011fas\u0131ndaki k\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rma g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fc oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece, tam bir i\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131, i\u015f cinayetlerinin en aza indirilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00c7ok do\u011fru bir saptama, i\u015f cinayetleri kapitalizmin f\u0131trat\u0131nda vard\u0131r. Devlet insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131, ortam\u0131n\u0131 ve ili\u015fkilerini bertaraf edemiyor ise sermayenin s\u00fcreklili\u011fini sa\u011flayan tav\u0131r i\u00e7eriyor demektir. Bu devletin kapitalist sistemin d\u00fczenini sa\u011flamay\u0131 g\u00f6rev edinmi\u015f oldu\u011funun bir g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p>\n Anayasan\u0131n 49. maddesi \u201c\u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, herkesin hakk\u0131d\u0131r ve \u00f6devidir\u201d der. Yani Anayasa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131, sorumluluk olarak herkese y\u00fckler. G\u00fczel, ancak \u015funu da bilmemiz gerekiyor; 17. maddeye g\u00f6re de \u201cherkes ya\u015fama, maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131na sahiptir\u201d. \u00c7ok \u00e7ok yetersiz bir yasa olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Yasas\u0131n\u0131n can g\u00fcvenli\u011fiyle ilgili 13. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yle der; \u201cciddi ve yak\u0131n tehlike ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, gerekli tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etme, bu tedbirler al\u0131n\u0131ncaya kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nma hakk\u0131na sahiptir\u201d. Yani can g\u00fcvenli\u011fimizi korumak, cana kast olan hallerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak en tabi ve yasalarda da yeri olan hakk\u0131m\u0131zd\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmak \u201chak ve \u00f6dev\u201d olsa da, bunun can\u0131m\u0131zla bedel \u00f6deyece\u011fimiz i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmemiz gerekiyor.<\/p>\n Burada \u015funu da eklemek gerekiyor belki. \u0130\u015f cinayeti bir anda ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede hayattan kopu\u015f demekken, bir de uzun d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fam\u0131 s\u00f6nd\u00fcren, i\u015fe ba\u011fl\u0131 meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131 var. D\u00fcnyada i\u015fe ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin sebebi y\u00fczde 46 i\u015f kazas\u0131 iken, y\u00fczde 54 meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00fcm y\u00fczde 1 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. San\u0131yor musunuz ki, T\u00fcrkiye meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131 konusunda y\u00fczde 99 ba\u015far\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor? Elbetteki hay\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131s\u0131 bile konmamaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131 iki ucu keskin b\u0131\u00e7akt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Son s\u00f6z olarak, acil olarak kolektif emek muhalefetinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc m\u00fccadele, adaletin sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda hukuk s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin i\u015fletilmesinde bask\u0131 yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve her an kamuoyu bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ayakta tutacak ara\u00e7lar\u0131n yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 bir ihtiya\u00e7tan \u00f6te bir zorunluluktur. \u00a0Bununla birlikte ba\u015fka bir d\u00fcnyan\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilece\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6rmek ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rmek gerekti\u011fini de bilmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n Te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederiz<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" “Madencilik en a\u011f\u0131r ve tehlikeli i\u015f koludur; burada k\u00e2r g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fcyle i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz. \u00d6zelle\u015ftirilemez, kamusal olmas\u0131 gerekir, i\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ta\u015feronla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz. Ancak insan odakl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesini i\u00e7eren sosyopolitik bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin varolmas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olacakt\u0131r” Tayyip Erdo\u011fan Soma\u2019daki facian\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda; \u201cArkada\u015flar bu t\u00fcr ocaklarda bu olaylar hi\u00e7 olmaz diye yorumlamayal\u0131m. Bunlar ola\u011fan \u015feylerdir. Literat\u00fcrde […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":227,"featured_media":25387,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[161,1464],"tags":[1634,3245,550,330],"class_list":["post-25378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-124-sayi","category-dosya","tag-endustri","tag-is-cinayeti","tag-kaza","tag-madencilik"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/227"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25378"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25378\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25387"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/berna-g\u00fcler-m\u00fcft\u00fco\u011flu.jpg\")
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\u00dcretim bask\u0131s\u0131 ve en az maliyetle \u00e7ok \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 yaratma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n sonucu ne oldu? Ard\u0131 ard\u0131na i\u015f cinayetlerinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131… May\u0131s 2010\u2019da TTK Karadon i\u015fletmesinde g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fck oldu ve ikisi m\u00fchendis 30 can yok oldu. 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda Af\u015fin\u2019de a\u00e7\u0131k arazi linyit \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131 yapan \u00f6zel ocakta \u015faft kaymas\u0131 sonucu 10 i\u015f\u00e7i ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti, bir i\u015f\u00e7inin cans\u0131z bedenine ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ama ne yaz\u0131k ki aradan ge\u00e7en 3 y\u0131l 3 aya ra\u011fmen 9 i\u015f\u00e7inin cans\u0131z bedeni hen\u00fcz toprak alt\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p, ailelerine teslim edilmi\u015f de\u011fil. 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ocak ay\u0131nda 7 maden i\u015f\u00e7isi Kozlu\u2019da hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybederken, 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0130\u015f G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Meclisi\u2019nin yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu rapora g\u00f6re en az 93 maden i\u015f\u00e7isi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n