{"id":26467,"date":"2014-04-01T11:47:57","date_gmt":"2014-04-01T08:47:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=26467"},"modified":"2025-12-03T16:30:43","modified_gmt":"2025-12-03T13:30:43","slug":"primatolojide-cigir-acan-alayli-arastirmaci-jane-goodall-ya-da-nam-i-diger-leydi-sempanze","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2014\/04\/01\/primatolojide-cigir-acan-alayli-arastirmaci-jane-goodall-ya-da-nam-i-diger-leydi-sempanze","title":{"rendered":"Primatolojide \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an \u201calayl\u0131\u201d ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131:\u00a0Jane Goodall nam-\u0131 di\u011fer \u201cLeydi \u015eempanze\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nal\u00e2n Mahsereci<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"Ailede herkes tela\u015f i\u00e7inde. Bakmad\u0131klar\u0131 yer kalmad\u0131. Seslenmeleri de kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmuyor… Onu son g\u00f6rmelerinin \u00fczerinden 4 saat ge\u00e7mi\u015f… Polise haber verildi. Derken k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Jane, a\u011fz\u0131 kulaklar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ortaya. Azarlamak i\u00e7in a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7an Vanne, 4 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcndeki sevinci g\u00f6r\u00fcnce durakl\u0131yor. Jane co\u015fkuyla anlat\u0131yor; k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck bir k\u00fcmeste hi\u00e7 sesini \u00e7\u0131karmadan, k\u0131p\u0131rdamadan saklanm\u0131\u015f ve bir tavu\u011fun nas\u0131l yumurtlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlemeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f…<\/p>\n

Sadece \u015fempanzelere dair bilinenleri de\u011fil, hayvan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imini de k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde de\u011fi\u015ftirecek olan Jane Goodall\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ocuklu\u011fu, ya a\u011fa\u00e7 tepelerinde, ya k\u0131rlarda hayvan pe\u015finde; ya da kom\u015fu \u00e7iftliklerdeki hayvanlarla ha\u015f\u0131r ne\u015fir oldu\u011fu \u00f6yk\u00fclerle dolu. Annesi Vanne, Jane iki ya\u015f\u0131ndayken yast\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na saklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 toprak solucanlar\u0131yla uyudu\u011funu deh\u015fetle fark edi\u015fini an\u0131ms\u0131yor. Goodall, 3 Nisan 1934 do\u011fumlu; ho\u015f bir rastlant\u0131 eseri, bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 okudu\u011funuz s\u0131ralarda, 80 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmu\u015f olacak.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ocukluk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc: Tarzan\u2019\u0131n Jane\u2019i olmak…
\n<\/strong>Tesad\u00fcf\u00fcn i\u011fne deli\u011fi mi, yoksa gelece\u011fi \u015fekillendirecek bir etkenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0131 desek; Jane\u2019in ilk oyuncakla\u011f\u0131 bir bebek \u015fempanze. Babas\u0131, Londra Hayvanat Bah\u00e7esi\u2019nde do\u011fan ilk (tutsak!) \u015fempanze bebe\u011fin onuruna \u00fcretilmi\u015f oyunca\u011f\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Jane hen\u00fcz 1,5 ya\u015f\u0131nda. Arkada\u015flar\u0131 annesini uyar\u0131yor: Bu korkun\u00e7 hayvan bebe\u011fi korkutabilir, kabuslar\u0131na girebilir. Oysa Jane J\u00fcbile ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi bu oyunca\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok seviyor: J\u00fcbile al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden neredeyse 80 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesine kar\u015f\u0131n, fazla temastan havlar\u0131 yer yer d\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olarak, h\u00e2l\u00e2 Jane\u2019in Londra\u2019daki evinde ba\u015fk\u00f6\u015fede oturur.<\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Jane\u2019in okumay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra elinden d\u00fc\u015fmeyecek kitaplar, Dr. Hugh Lofting\u2019in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Dolittle\u2019\u0131n Hik\u00e2yesi<\/em> ve Edgar Rice Burrough\u2019un Tarzan <\/em>serileridir… Dolittle\u2019in Hik\u00e2yesi<\/em>, Afrika\u2019da yolculuk yapan ve hayvanlarla konu\u015fabilen bir doktor hakk\u0131ndad\u0131r; tabii ki kahraman Jane\u2019in idol\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bir gemi kazas\u0131yla Afrika\u2019ya d\u00fc\u015fen ve burada maymunlar taraf\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclen Tarzan\u2019a ise \u00e2\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r; hayallerinde kendisini Tarzan\u2019\u0131n sevgilisi, ada\u015f\u0131 Jane\u2019in yerine koyar.<\/p>\n

\u00d6\u011fretmeni, Afrika\u2019da yabani hayvanlar aras\u0131nda ya\u015faman\u0131n bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu i\u00e7in imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek hayallerini k\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Neyse ki annesi Vanne, Jane\u2019e s\u0131k\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve kendisine inan\u0131rsa, d\u00fc\u015flerini ger\u00e7ek yapabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek, onu cesaretlendirir.<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ek hayvan dostlara ve Afrika ile vah\u015fi hayvanlar temal\u0131 renkli hayali d\u00fcnyalara ra\u011fmen, Jane\u2019in \u00e7ocukluk y\u0131llar\u0131 toz pembe say\u0131lmaz. 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ralar\u0131d\u0131r; k\u0131tl\u0131k, karnelere tabii ya\u015fam ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131naklar… \u00dcst\u00fcne, babas\u0131 orduda m\u00fchendistir ve uzaklardad\u0131r. Sava\u015ftan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra ebeveynleri bo\u015fan\u0131r. Jane, anneannesi, iki teyzesi, day\u0131s\u0131, annesi ve k\u0131zkarde\u015fiyle beraber Bournemouth\u2019da ya\u015famay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Paran\u0131n az, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu kalabal\u0131k bir aile ortam\u0131. Londra\u2019ya, babas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na gitti\u011fi zamanlarda ise, Do\u011fa Tarihi M\u00fczesi vakit ge\u00e7irmekten en \u00e7ok ho\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Jane liseden mezun oldu\u011funda, annesi \u00fcniversite masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. Jane Oxford \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde belgeleri daktilo etme i\u015fi bulur; sekreterlik \u00f6\u011frenir. Sonra bir belgesel film yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. 1956 May\u0131s\u2019\u0131nda okuldan yak\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131 Marie-Claud Mange, Jane\u2019i Kenya\u2019da \u00e7iftli\u011fi olan ailesini ziyaret etmeye davet eder. Jane \u00e7ok heyecanlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, masraflar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in Bournemouth\u2019a geri d\u00f6ner; burada garsonluk yaparak, Afrika\u2019ya gidip d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f masraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmaya u\u011fra\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015ften ger\u00e7e\u011fe: Afrika Afrika…
\n<\/strong>Jane Afrika\u2019y\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde 23 ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Buradaki bir rastla\u015fma, hayat\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Kenya do\u011fumlu paleoantropolog Louis Leakey, 28 y\u0131l boyunca Afrika\u2019da insan\u0131n atalar\u0131n\u0131 aram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Jane ile tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda, Nairobi\u2019deki Coryndon M\u00fczesi\u2019nin m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr, kendi ke\u015ffi olan Olduvai Gorge fosil yata\u011f\u0131nda, e\u015fi Mary ile kaz\u0131lar yapmaktad\u0131r. Leakey, Jane\u2019i Coryndon M\u00fczesi\u2019nde sekreteri ve asistan\u0131 olarak i\u015fe al\u0131r; Jane Olduvai Gorge fosil kaz\u0131s\u0131nda da bulunacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Leakey, insan\u0131n ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011finin anla\u015f\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in, ya\u015fayan en yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131 olan \u015fempanzeler, goriller ve orangutanlar\u0131n da \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine 1959\u2019da ula\u015f\u0131r. \u0130lk i\u015f, \u201cevlatl\u0131k peri k\u0131z\u0131m\u201d dedi\u011fi Jane\u2019i \u015fempanze ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 yapabilece\u011fi konusunda ikna etmek olur. Leakey\u2019in \u015fempanze ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in, 20\u2019li ya\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda, \u00fcniversite e\u011fitimi almam\u0131\u015f, sekreterlik ve garsonluktan ba\u015fka i\u015f tecr\u00fcbesi olmayan bir gen\u00e7 kad\u0131n\u0131 uygun g\u00f6rmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck tart\u0131\u015fma yarat\u0131r; \u201cgen\u00e7 ve savunmas\u0131z bir kad\u0131n\u0131\u201d vah\u015fi do\u011faya g\u00f6ndermesine delilik g\u00f6z\u00fcyle bak\u0131l\u0131r. Leakey, Jane\u2019in Londra Royal Free Hastanesi\u2019nde, Dr. John Napier Primat Birimi\u2019nde paket e\u011fitim almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve bir i\u015fadam\u0131ndan 6 ayl\u0131k sponsorluk bulur.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Hugo, Jane ve o\u011fullar\u0131 Grub.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u015eempanzeler ve beyaz maymun
\n<\/strong>Jane, 14 Temmuz 1960\u2019da, Tanzanya G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Gombe \u00c7ay\u0131 \u015eempanze Rezervi\u2019ne ula\u015ft\u0131. Alan, \u0130ngiliz S\u00f6m\u00fcrge H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan 1943\u2019de kurulmu\u015ftu. H\u00fck\u00fcmet beyaz gen\u00e7 bir kad\u0131n\u0131n Afrika yaban\u0131nda yaln\u0131z olmas\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmedi\u011finden, annesi Vanne, Jane ile bu maceran\u0131n ilk iki ay\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015facakt\u0131. Yanlar\u0131ndan bir de yerli a\u015f\u00e7\u0131 vard\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ara\u00e7 gereci, bir d\u00fcrb\u00fcn ve defterden ibaretti; kalan e\u015fya da bir \u00e7ad\u0131r, bir-iki teneke kap ve kulpsuz bir fincan…<\/p>\n

Jane, ilk zamanlarda \u015fempanzeleri uzaktan izlemekle yetindi. \u201c\u015eempanzeler \u00e7ok tutucuydu. Daha \u00f6nce beyaz bir maymunla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131, beni g\u00f6r\u00fcr g\u00f6rmez sessizce orman\u0131n derinliklerine ka\u00e7\u0131yorlard\u0131. Hayalini kurdu\u011fum ortamda ya\u015f\u0131yor; orada bulunmay\u0131, her sabah b\u00f6cek sesleri, ku\u015f c\u0131v\u0131lt\u0131lar\u0131 ve \u015fempanze \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131yla uyanmay\u0131 \u00e7ok seviyordum, ama ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmak i\u00e7in sadece alt\u0131 ay\u0131m vard\u0131. E\u011fer o alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde heyecan verici bir \u015fey olmazsa, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sona erecekti ve Leakey\u2019i hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011fratm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131m.\u201d<\/p>\n

Jane de annesi de s\u0131tmaya yakaland\u0131. Jane\u2019in iyile\u015fmeyi bekleyecek zaman\u0131 yoktu. Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fe ve bitkinli\u011fe ra\u011fmen, da\u011flarda kilometrelerce y\u00fcr\u00fcyor; \u015fempanzeleri uzaktan izleyebilece\u011fi yerler ar\u0131yordu. Sonunda \u201czirve\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verece\u011fi yeri buldu, buradan ormanda hareket eden \u015fempanzeler rahat\u00e7a g\u00f6rebiliyordu.<\/p>\n

Geceledikleri yuvalar\u0131 \u015fempanzeler ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra inceledi. S\u0131k\u0131 dallar ve yapraklarla kendilerine yatayacak yer, yast\u0131k yap\u0131yorlard\u0131. Anneler \u00e7ocuklar\u0131yla uyuyordu. Yedikleri meyvelerin tad\u0131na bakt\u0131: Asidik buldu. Termitler ise tats\u0131zd\u0131. \u015eempanzeleri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in her g\u00fcn ayn\u0131 k\u0131yafetleri giyiyor, onlar\u0131 takip etti\u011fini hissettirir \u015fekilde davranm\u0131yor, en rahat olduklar\u0131 anlarda rastla\u015fmaya dikkat ediyor ve s\u00fcrekli not al\u0131yordu. \u015eempanzeler ona al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130lk olarak David Graybeard ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi erkek \u015fempanze, onu kampa kadar takip etti ve b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 muzu yedi.<\/p>\n

Jane \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden ilk \u00f6nemli ke\u015ffini yapacakt\u0131: Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda bir g\u00fcn, David Graybeard ve Golliath\u2019\u0131 bir termit tepece\u011fine e\u011filmi\u015f olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc. \u0130nce bir dal kopar\u0131yor, dal\u0131n yapraklar\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131kl\u0131yor; sonra termit yuvas\u0131na sokuyorlard\u0131. Yuvadan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 dala yap\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f termitleri a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131na at\u0131yorlard\u0131. Hem alet kullan\u0131yor, hem de alet yap\u0131yorlard\u0131! Jane bunu bir-iki kez daha g\u00f6zlemlemeden, Leakey\u2019e s\u00f6ylemek istemedi. Her zamanki gibi \u201cFC\u201d (foster child=evlatl\u0131k k\u0131z) diye imzalanan teleksi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Leakey\u2019in tepkisi \u015f\u00f6yle olacakt\u0131: \u201c\u0130nsan\u0131n alet yapan hayvan oldu\u011fu tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 benimseyen biliminsanlar\u0131 bir se\u00e7imle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. Ya, \u015fempanzeleri insan olarak kabul edecekler, ya da insan\u0131 ve aleti yeniden tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131 gerekecek.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"\u0130kinci ke\u015fif de pe\u015fi s\u0131ra geldi: O zamana dek, \u015fempanzelerin as\u0131l olarak ot\u00e7ul oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Jane, \u015fempanzelerin \u00e7al\u0131domuzlar\u0131n\u0131 ve di\u011fer k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hayvanlar\u0131 avlay\u0131p yedi\u011fini g\u00f6zlemledi. Bu ke\u015fiften sonra, National Geographic<\/em> Jane\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n sponsoru olmaya karar verdi. Bu dergide yer alan Jane\u2019in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan yaz\u0131lar, onu \u015fempanzelerle g\u00f6steren foto\u011fraflar ve televizyonda g\u00f6sterilen Miss Goodall ve Vah\u015fi \u015eempanzeler<\/em> belgeseli; Jane\u2019e d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir \u00fcn kazand\u0131racakt\u0131.. \u201cVah\u015fi\u201d k\u0131tada, orman i\u00e7inde, yaban ortamda, \u015fempanzeler aras\u0131nda beyaz bir gen\u00e7 k\u0131z… \u201cOrman\u0131n ortas\u0131nda bir odunun \u00fczerine kondurulmu\u015f, zarif bir \u0130ngiliz porselen fincan\u0131\u201d gibi. G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler, bakan\u0131n d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne g\u00f6re, \u201cnarin ama g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc gen\u00e7 kad\u0131n\u201d, \u201ccesur ve so\u011fukkanl\u0131, \u00f6nc\u00fc gen\u00e7 kad\u0131n\u201d, \u201cbeyaz \u00fcst\u00fcn \u0131rk ve yard\u0131m eli uzatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkeller\u201d, \u201c\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc \u015fortunun alt\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcnen uzun bacaklara bor\u00e7lu olan gen\u00e7 kad\u0131n\u201da kadar \u00e7e\u015fitlenen g\u00f6rme bi\u00e7imlerine yol a\u00e7\u0131yordu…<\/p>\n

Ama \u015fu ger\u00e7ekti ki, Jane\u2019in ke\u015fiflerinin her biri, toplumsal alg\u0131ya yerle\u015fmi\u015f, Homo sapiens<\/em> ile do\u011fadaki yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir u\u00e7urum oldu\u011fu, insan\u0131n hayvanlardan keskin bir bi\u00e7imde ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve pek \u00e7ok \u00f6zelli\u011finin biricik oldu\u011fu yarg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131yor; u\u00e7urumu kapat\u0131yor, gezegeni payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z di\u011fer canl\u0131lara bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 t\u00fcmden de\u011fi\u015ftiriyordu.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck harfle yaz\u0131lan \u201cB\u0130L\u0130M\u201d
\n<\/strong>Leakey, ke\u015fiflerinin bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ciddiye al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak maddi kayna\u011f\u0131n yarat\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in Jane\u2019in doktora derecesi almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Cambridge \u00dcniversitesi ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde bulundu: Jane lisans e\u011fitimini atlay\u0131p, dersler alaca\u011f\u0131 birka\u00e7 d\u00f6nemin sonunda doktora tezi haz\u0131rlayabilecekti. Jane, 1962\u2019de, Cambridge \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde doktoraya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ona o g\u00fcne kadar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 her \u015feyin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylendi; \u015fempanzelere isim vermesini ele\u015ftiriyorlard\u0131, e\u011fer onlara numara verirse, \u00e7ok daha bilimsel olurdu. Jane, \u015fempanzelerin de\u00a0 karma\u015f\u0131k duygulara sahip, ki\u015filikleri ve ak\u0131llar\u0131 olan canl\u0131lar oldu\u011funu, bireyselliklerinin geli\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011funu anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor; so\u011fuk ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmseyici bak\u0131\u015flarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yordu; s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u00f6zelliklerin insana \u00f6zg\u00fc, bu yorumlar\u0131n da \u201cdo\u011faya insanmerkezli bak\u0131\u015f\u201d oldu\u011fu vurgulan\u0131yordu. Ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan hayvanlara beslenecek en ufak bir duygu, yanl\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar yap\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ard\u0131. Bilimde \u015fefkatin yeri yoktu. Doktora dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Robert Hindle Jane\u2019e \u201cAnlat\u0131lar de\u011fil, say\u0131lar; ilham de\u011fil istatistik bilimsel ger\u00e7e\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r\u201d diyordu. Oysa Jane\u2019in yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 genelle\u015ftirmeler yapmak yerine bireye odaklanmak, kurallar yerine ili\u015fkileri vurgulamak, s\u0131namak i\u00e7in kontrol d\u00fczene\u011fi kurmak yerine empatik yakla\u015fmakt\u0131. \u0130lk ba\u015flarda ya\u015fanan anla\u015fmazl\u0131klara ra\u011fmen, Jane\u2019in tezi kabul edildi ve 9 \u015eubat 1966 tarihinde, etoloji alan\u0131nda (hayvan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131) doktora derecesini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"Jane ilerde, 1971-1975 aras\u0131nda Kaliforniya\u2019daki Stanford \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde misafir profes\u00f6r olarak her y\u0131l bir d\u00f6nem ge\u00e7irecektir. Buradaki derslerinde \u015funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izer: \u201c\u00d6nce bilimci, sonra insan olman\u0131z bekleniyor. B\u00fcy\u00fck harfle yaz\u0131lan bilim beni deh\u015fete d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bu insan\u0131 makinele\u015ftirir.\u201d<\/p>\n

O g\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne etoloji \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir; ki bu de\u011fi\u015fimde Jane\u2019in a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nemi vard\u0131r. Jane vah\u015fi hayvan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, onlar\u0131n toplu \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerine oldu\u011fu gibi, bireysel karakterlerine de odaklanmak gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Lemur \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan primatolog Allison Joly \u201cBug\u00fcn etolojide, bireysellikleri tan\u0131mamak d\u00fc\u015flenemez bile\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Gombe\u2019de a\u015fk\u0131 da bulur
\n<\/strong>Leakey, 1961\u2019de Jane\u2019in annesi Vanne\u2019ye, \u201cJane i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel bir koca aday\u0131 buldum\u201d diye yazar. Hugo van Lawick, National Geographic<\/em> i\u00e7in Afrika\u2019da belgesel ve foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekimleri yapmaktad\u0131r. Leakey\u2019in Olduvai kaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 belgeselle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Leakey, Hugo\u2019nun Gombe\u2019ye giderek Jane ve \u015fempanzelerle ilgili bir belgesel haz\u0131rlamas\u0131na \u00f6nayak olur.<\/p>\n

Leakey\u2019in \u00e7\u00f6p\u00e7atanca kehaneti \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden tutar; Hugo ve Jane ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 kolayca sarma\u015f dola\u015f hale gelmi\u015f bulurlar; hayvanlara ve a\u00e7\u0131k havada olmaya duyduklar\u0131 sevgi, i\u015flerine duyduklar\u0131 ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k ortakt\u0131r; 1964\u2019de evlenirler. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne birka\u00e7 hafta kala, Jane\u2019in Flo ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi \u015fempanzenin do\u011fum yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberini ald\u0131klar\u0131ndan, balaylar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131sa tutarak Gombe\u2019ye geri d\u00f6nerler.<\/p>\n

Annelik rol-modeli Flo adl\u0131 \u015fempanze
\n<\/strong>Flo, Jane\u2019in Gombe\u2019de isim verdi\u011fi ilk \u015fempanzedir. Ona ilk yakla\u015fan erkek \u015fempanze David Graybeard\u2019dir, ama di\u015filer Jane\u2019in varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha kolay kabullenmi\u015ftir. Flint, Flo\u2019nun be\u015finci \u00e7ocu\u011fudur. Jane, Flo\u2019nun bebe\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc ve di\u011fer \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ilgiyle izler. Di\u011fer Gombe annelerinin de \u00e7ocuklar\u0131yla ili\u015fkilerini izlemekte, bunlar\u0131 birbiriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Olly ve Passion adlar\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi di\u015fi \u015fempanzeler, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n besin taleplerini g\u00f6rmezden gelmekte, onlar\u0131n s\u0131rtlar\u0131na binmesini beklemeden y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye ba\u015flamakta ya da istemedikleri bir davran\u0131\u015fa fiziksel \u015fiddetle tepki vermektedirler. Oysa Flo, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n kendisine ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu b\u00fct\u00fcn anlarda yanlar\u0131nda olur; onlarla oyun oynar, termit ya da bal\u0131k yakalamay\u0131, meyve toplamay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretir; gergin g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcklerinde ve yaramazl\u0131k yapt\u0131klar\u0131nda dikkatlerini ba\u015fka \u015fey \u00fczerine \u00e7ekmeye u\u011fra\u015f\u0131r, onlara sevgi g\u00f6sterir; istemedi\u011fi bir davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcklerinde k\u0131smen tepki verse bile, onlar\u0131 yan\u0131ndan ay\u0131rmaz, t\u0131mar etmeye giri\u015fir.<\/p>\n

Jane, Flo\u2019nun \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n kendilerine g\u00fcvenli, etkin bireyler haline geli\u015fini, k\u0131z\u0131 Fifi\u2019nin kendisi gibi sevgi dolu bir anne olu\u015funu g\u00f6zlemlemi\u015ftir; buna kar\u015f\u0131n Olly\u2019nin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 \u00fcrkek, Passion\u2019un \u00e7ocu\u011fu ise sald\u0131rgan olmu\u015ftur. Benzeri g\u00f6zlemlerle Jane, \u015fempanzelerde erken \u00e7ocukluk deneyimlerinin ya\u015famlar\u0131 boyunca belirleyici oldu\u011funun ay\u0131rd\u0131na varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hugo ve Jane, evlendikleri y\u0131l Gombe\u2019de bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezi kurma projesini ya\u015fama ge\u00e7irirler; b\u00f6ylece lisans ve lisans\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6\u011frencileri Gombe\u2019ye gelerek \u015fempanze g\u00f6zlemlerinde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecektir. 1966\u2019de \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6\u011frenci gelir; y\u0131ldan y\u0131la kampta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131 artacak, 100\u2019lere ula\u015facakt\u0131r; \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u015fempanze toplulu\u011fu ve onlarla ayn\u0131 topra\u011f\u0131 payla\u015fan babun gruplar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Jane ve Hugo\u2019nun o\u011fullar\u0131 Hugo Eric Louis, ya da takt\u0131klar\u0131 lakapla Grub, 1967\u2019de do\u011far. Jane, Flo\u2019nun annelik modelini birebir benimser; o\u011flunun her zaman yan\u0131nda olmaya gayret eder. Grub, Gombe\u2019ye ilk geldi\u011finde yaln\u0131zca 4 ayl\u0131kt\u0131r. Jane g\u00fcnl\u00fck program\u0131n\u0131 ona g\u00f6re ayarlar; \u015fempanzeleri b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcn bizzat takip etmekten vazge\u00e7er: Bu onun i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck fedak\u00e2rl\u0131kt\u0131r, ama teredd\u00fcts\u00fcz yapar; 1967-69 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fck veri tutma i\u015fini, b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle \u00f6\u011frenciler devral\u0131r. Gombe\u2019nin akarsular\u0131n\u0131, ormanlar\u0131n\u0131, kumsal\u0131n\u0131 o\u011fluyla ke\u015ffederler. Grub, tehlikeli olabilecek \u015fekilde davran\u0131rsa, Jane onu azarlamaz ya da vurmaz, Flo\u2019nun yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi dikkatini yeni bir oyuna \u00e7eker. Grub s\u00f6zden anlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiz ya da dikkatsiz davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in onu azarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 olur, ama sevgisini g\u00f6stermeyi kesmez.<\/p>\n

Hugo ile Jane bir aile alb\u00fcm\u00fc haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Jane ve Grub\u2019u \u00e7e\u015fitli durumlarda, \u00f6rne\u011fin Grub ilk ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 att\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ilk d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde vs. g\u00f6steren bir dizi foto\u011fraf ve kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nda Flo ve Flint\u2019i de benzer durumlarda g\u00f6steren foto\u011fraflar… Jane, \u201cGrub\u2019u bir \u015fempanze gibi b\u00fcy\u00fctmeye kararl\u0131yd\u0131k\u201d diye yazacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Gombe\u2019ye ilk gitti\u011fi zamanlarda \u00e7ok gen\u00e7 olan Jane, Flo\u2019yu olgun bir di\u015fi olarak pek \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6rnek alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Onun cinsel deneyimlerini izlemi\u015ftir. Kendine g\u00fcvenini, serinkanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, sevgi dolulu\u011funu, ne\u015fesini ve bilgeli\u011fini takdir etmi\u015ftir. Flo ve geni\u015f ailesi, \u015fempanze davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 konusunda e\u015fsiz bilgiler sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1972\u2019nin bir A\u011fustos sabah\u0131nda Flo\u2019nun cans\u0131z bedeni bulunur. Jane b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcn ve gece, Flo\u2019nun ba\u015f\u0131nda n\u00f6bet tutar. En k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck o\u011flu Flint\u2019in annesinin bedenini domuzlar taraf\u0131ndan par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7i\u011fnenmi\u015f, ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015f olarak g\u00f6rmesini istemez. 11 y\u0131ld\u0131r tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, sevdi\u011fi ve \u00f6rnek ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yas\u0131n\u0131 tutmak, an\u0131s\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermek istiyordur. \u00dczerinden g\u00fcnler ge\u00e7tikten sonra bile Jane Flo\u2019nun \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne inanmakta zorluk \u00e7eker; London Sunday Times<\/em>\u2019ta bir \u00f6l\u00fcm ilan\u0131 bast\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"\u015eempanzelerin karanl\u0131k yanlar\u0131
\n<\/strong>Jane, \u015fempanzeleri zaman zaman sald\u0131rganl\u0131k g\u00f6sterseler de, \u00f6z\u00fcnde bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l hayvanlar olarak anlat\u0131r. Ama Jane ve di\u011fer ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan her g\u00fcn d\u00fczenli ve programl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lagelen g\u00f6zlemler artt\u0131k\u00e7a, \u015fempanze do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n karanl\u0131k yanlar\u0131na da tan\u0131k olunur. \u015eempanzeler de yamyaml\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir: Passion ve k\u0131z\u0131, kendi gruplar\u0131ndaki kimi \u015fempanze bebeklerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve yemi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca, Gombe\u2019deki iki ayr\u0131 \u015fempanze grubu aras\u0131nda, birinin di\u011ferini t\u00fcmden yok etmesine kadar s\u00fcrecek bir sava\u015f ba\u015flar. \u0130nsan olmayan primatlar aras\u0131nda uzun erimli bir sava\u015f\u0131m ilk kez kaydedilmi\u015ftir; 4 y\u0131l s\u00fcrer.<\/p>\n

Jane ve Hugo, Grub 7 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken bo\u015fan\u0131r. Hugo yak\u0131n arkada\u015flar\u0131na \u201cBayan Goodall\u2019\u0131n kamp\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6neten Bay Goodall olmaktan\u201d yoruldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Jane, bir y\u0131l sonra, Tanzanya Ulusal Park\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00f6neticisi Derek Bryceson ile evlenir; birlikte \u00e7ok mutlu bir 5 y\u0131l ge\u00e7irirler. Ama Derek kansere yakalan\u0131r ve 1980\u2019de vefat eder. Jane \u00e7ok \u00fczg\u00fcnd\u00fcr, onu sa\u011faltabilecek tek \u015fey vard\u0131r: Gombe ve \u015fempanzelerle y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar.<\/p>\n

Gombe \u015fempanzelerinden d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131lan pencere
\n<\/strong>Jane, Gombe \u015fempanzelerini yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131d\u0131k\u00e7a, onlar\u0131 korumaya dair kayg\u0131lar\u0131 da b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 1966\u2019da \u015fempanzeler aras\u0131nda \u00e7ocuk felci salg\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u00f6nleyici ve tedavi edici uygulamalar ba\u015flat\u0131r. 1987\u2019deki bakteriyel zat\u00fcrree salg\u0131n\u0131nda da tedavileri i\u00e7in \u00e7abalar. B\u00f6lge halk\u0131 ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131 kazanmad\u0131k\u00e7a, \u015fempanze ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn al\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilir; buna d\u00f6n\u00fck projeler i\u015fbirlikleri geli\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u015eimdilerde, bu ada habitat\u0131nda izole olmu\u015f d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fempanze toplulu\u011funu, AIDS vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn bir varyant\u0131 tehdit etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Jane Gombe\u2019deki ilk y\u0131llar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak, \u00e7ok say\u0131da pop\u00fcler kitaba imza atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ama<\/p>\n

Gombe\u2019deki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n bilimsel bir de\u011ferlendirmesi niteli\u011findeki esas kitab\u0131n\u0131 1986\u2019da yay\u0131mlar: Gombe \u015eempanzeleri: Davran\u0131\u015f \u00d6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri<\/em>. \u015eikago\u2019daki bir konferansta, bir\u00e7ok biliminsan\u0131 kitab\u0131 ve genel olarak \u015fempanzeleri tart\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in toplan\u0131rlar; Jane bu toplant\u0131da, Afrika genelinde ormanlar\u0131n ne kadar h\u0131zla azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve \u015fempanzelerin ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok yerde tehdit alt\u0131nda bulundu\u011funu fark\u0131na var\u0131r. Gombe ormanlar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fempanzeleri korumak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n vaktinin geldi\u011fini anlar.<\/p>\n

Jane art\u0131k d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir \u00e7evre ve hayvan haklar\u0131 savunucusudur. 1977\u2019de kurdu\u011fu Jane Goodall Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, bir s\u00fcredir \u201cK\u00f6kler ve Filizler\u201d adl\u0131 k\u00fcresel bir gen\u00e7lik program\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir. Jane, y\u0131l\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde d\u00fcnyay\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131r, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinden gen\u00e7 insanlar\u0131, \u00e7evre, hayvanlar ve di\u011fer insanlar i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyay\u0131 daha iyi bir yer yapmaya gayret etmeleri konusunda cesaretlendirir. Ormanlar\u0131n ve hayvan pop\u00fclasyonunun korunmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini anlat\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, sirklere, film yap\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131na, hayvanat bah\u00e7elerine sat\u0131lmak \u00fczere yap\u0131lan \u015fempanze ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile sava\u015f\u0131r; hastanelerde ve t\u0131bbi ara\u015ft\u0131rma laboratuvarlar\u0131nda denek olarak kullan\u0131lan \u015fempanzelerin ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f\u0131r. Ahlaki sorumlulu\u011funu inat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla birle\u015ftirdi\u011finde, \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7irme bi\u00e7iminden do\u011fan sayg\u0131nl\u0131k ve her zaman nazik, serinkanl\u0131, dengeli, iyi niyetli kalabilmesinin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkiyle, anlaml\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131lar kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 da olur. Ama bence \u00e7evreci hareketin d\u00fcnya genelindeki a\u00e7maz\u0131 Jane i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir. Bireysel bilin\u00e7lenmenin, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 daha iyi bir haline getirebilece\u011fine y\u00fcrekten inan\u0131r; end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131m, do\u011fan\u0131n tahrip edilmesi, hayvanlar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tehditlere d\u00f6n\u00fck ele\u015ftirilerini k\u00fcresel kapitalist sistem ele\u015ftirisiyle birle\u015ftirmez.<\/p>\n

Kaynaklar
\n<\/strong>1) http:\/\/www.janegoodall.org<\/p>\n

2) Jane Goodall ile Hayvanlar, \u00c7evre ve Ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00dczerine bir s\u00f6yle\u015fi, S\u00f6yle\u015fen: Amy Goodman, (Democracy Now<\/em>, 24 Kas\u0131m 2005), \u00c7ev. I\u015f\u0131l \u015eim\u015fek. (http:\/\/acikradyo.com.tr\/default.aspx?_mv=a&aid=12718&cat=2)<\/p>\n

3) Sy Montgomery, Walking with the Great Apes \u2013Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, Birut\u00e8 Galdikas-<\/em>, Chelsea Green Publishing, 2009, 281 s.<\/p>\n

4) David Quammen, \u201cBeing Jane Goodall\u201d, National Geographic<\/em>, October 2010. (http:\/\/ngm.nationalgeographic.com\/2010\/10\/jane-goodall\/quammen-text)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nal\u00e2n Mahsereci Ailede herkes tela\u015f i\u00e7inde. Bakmad\u0131klar\u0131 yer kalmad\u0131. Seslenmeleri de kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmuyor… Onu son g\u00f6rmelerinin \u00fczerinden 4 saat ge\u00e7mi\u015f… Polise haber verildi. Derken k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Jane, a\u011fz\u0131 kulaklar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ortaya. Azarlamak i\u00e7in a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7an Vanne, 4 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcndeki sevinci g\u00f6r\u00fcnce durakl\u0131yor. Jane co\u015fkuyla anlat\u0131yor; k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck bir k\u00fcmeste hi\u00e7 sesini \u00e7\u0131karmadan, k\u0131p\u0131rdamadan saklanm\u0131\u015f ve bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":470,"featured_media":26469,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[159,211,1464],"tags":[523,3422,1545,3421],"class_list":["post-26467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-122-sayi","category-antropoloji","category-dosya","tag-afrika","tag-jane-goodall","tag-primatoloji","tag-sempanzeler"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/470"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26467"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26467\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26469"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26467"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26467"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26467"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}