{"id":27074,"date":"2018-06-23T07:36:11","date_gmt":"2018-06-23T04:36:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=27074"},"modified":"2018-06-26T11:24:11","modified_gmt":"2018-06-26T08:24:11","slug":"machiavelli-butun-sezarlarin-brutusu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/06\/23\/machiavelli-butun-sezarlarin-brutusu","title":{"rendered":"Machiavelli: B\u00fct\u00fcn Sezar\u2019lar\u0131n Br\u00fct\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"

Machiavelli H\u00fck\u00fcmdar<\/em> adl\u0131 eserinde, h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n (daha do\u011frusu h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n temsil etti\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n) bilmedi\u011fi bir \u015feyi anlatmaz. Egemen s\u0131n\u0131f temsilcileri binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r tam da Machiavelli\u2019in \u00f6\u011f\u00fctledi\u011fi y\u00f6ntemlerle, ama o \u201cmakyavelist\u201d y\u00f6ntemleri din, ahlak, erdem vb. gibi \u201culv\u00ee\u201d k\u0131l\u0131flarla (y\u00f6netim sanat\u0131 hileleri) \u00f6rterek y\u00f6netmi\u015flerdir toplumu.<\/p>\n

\u2018Tanr\u0131 siyasete uymal\u0131, siyaset Tanr\u0131\u2019ya de\u011fil!\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte Machiavelli bu \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc kald\u0131r\u0131p atar. Y\u00f6netim sanat\u0131n\u0131n \u201csanat\u201d k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerini \u00e7izer, \u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u00e7\u0131plak ve kaba bir \u201cy\u00f6netim\u201d kal\u0131r ortada. Niyeti ne olursa olsun, Machiavelli H\u00fck\u00fcmdar<\/em>\u2019da \u201cH\u00fck\u00fcmdar \u00e7\u0131plak!\u201d demektedir sonu\u00e7 itibar\u0131yla. Machiavelli, hakim s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k \u201cmakyavelizmlerini\u201d if\u015fa eder, hilelerini a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa vurur.<\/p>\n

Siyaset ile ahlak iki ayr\u0131 d\u00fcnyad\u0131r der Machiavelli, bu iki ayr\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n uzla\u015fmas\u0131 ham hayaldir. B\u00f6ylece siyaseti ahlaktan \u201ckurtar\u0131r\u201d. H\u00fck\u00fcmdara dini \u201ckullanmas\u0131n\u0131\u201d \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler; dinin iyi olup olmamas\u0131n\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n iktidar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcne ba\u011flar. Dini bir ara\u00e7 yaparak, siyaseti dinin vesayetinden \u201ckurtar\u0131r\u201d. Tanr\u0131 siyasete uymal\u0131d\u0131r, siyaset Tanr\u0131\u2019ya de\u011fil!<\/p>\n

\"\"
Machiavelli\u2019nin H\u00fck\u00fcmdar adl\u0131 eseri.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Machiavelli\u2019e g\u00f6re siyasetin bir tek tanr\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r: kuvvetler oran\u0131. Siyaset-g\u00fc\u00e7 ili\u015fkisini, siyasetin g\u00fc\u00e7 ile yap\u0131labilece\u011fini vurgular. Hak, ancak bir kuvvet taraf\u0131ndan empoze edilebildi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde vard\u0131r, der. \u201cKuvvet i\u015fini g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonra, hak onu me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r\u201d (Patrick Dupouey). Ama\u00e7, ara\u00e7lar\u0131 me\u015fru k\u0131lar diye ekler. Machiavelli b\u00f6ylece, siyaseti erdemden de \u201ckurtar\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n

Machiavelli \u2018bizim adam\u0131m\u0131z\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u0131sacas\u0131 Machiavelli siyaseti \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirir\u201d, onu \u201cpranga\u201dlar\u0131ndan kurtar\u0131r. Ve bunu o kadar radikal bir bi\u00e7imde yapar ki, sonu\u00e7ta ortada siyaset diye bir \u015fey kalmayacakt\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 d\u0131md\u0131zlak b\u0131rakmaktad\u0131r Machiavelli. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar o \u201cprangalar\u201d olmadan siyaset yapamazlar. O prangalar (tek tek h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n olabilir belki ama) egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n de\u011fil, asl\u0131nda y\u00f6netilen, ezilen, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n prangalar\u0131d\u0131r. Siyasetin o prangalardan kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131, d\u00f6ner dola\u015f\u0131r ezilenlerin i\u015fine yarar, ezenlerin de\u011fil; tabii ezilenlerin bir politik \u00f6nc\u00fc \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla. Yani Machiavelli, e\u011fer becerebilirsek, bizim adam\u0131m\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Machiavelli, hakim s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k \u201cmakyavelizmlerini\u201d if\u015fa eder, hilelerini a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa vurur.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Machiavelli\u2019i ahlaks\u0131zl\u0131kla, erdemsizlikle su\u00e7layanlar hep egemen s\u0131n\u0131f temsilcileri olmu\u015f. Kilise aforoz etmi\u015f, kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 yasaklam\u0131\u015f. \u00dcnl\u00fc Prusya kral\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fck Frederick \u201cAnti-Machiavelli\u201d diye bir kitap yazm\u0131\u015f. \u0130lgin\u00e7tir, bu kitab\u0131n \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yazan ve yay\u0131mlayan da b\u00fcy\u00fck ayd\u0131nlanmac\u0131 Voltaire! Ama san\u0131r\u0131m Voltaire, Frederick\u2019in \u201cekme\u011fini yedi\u011fi\u201d i\u00e7in yapm\u0131\u015f bunu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Rousseau ve Diderot, Machiavelli\u2019e sahip \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve H\u00fck\u00fcmdar<\/em>\u2019\u0131 \u201ccumhuriyet\u00e7ilerin kitab\u0131\u201d olarak selamlam\u0131\u015flar. T\u0131pk\u0131 Spinoza ve Hegel gibi.<\/p>\n

Bu arada Machiavelli\u2019in H\u00fck\u00fcmdar<\/em> adl\u0131 eserine reddiye yazan B\u00fcy\u00fck Frederic\u2019in ayn\u0131 yazar\u0131n Sava\u015f Sanat\u0131<\/em> adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 elinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmedi\u011fini de ekleyelim.<\/p>\n

Hile-k\u0131ran<\/strong><\/p>\n

Machiavelli, ilk bak\u0131\u015fta bir \u201chilebaz\u201d, hatta bir \u201c\u015feytan\u201d gibi g\u00f6z\u00fckebilir. Ama o tam tersine bir \u201chile-k\u0131ran\u201d ve \u201c\u015feytan-\u00e7\u0131karan\u201dd\u0131r. Niyetinin bu olup olmamas\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak, nesnel olarak konumu budur. Bu niteli\u011fiyle de Sun Tzu\u2019lardan, strategem kuramc\u0131lar\u0131ndan, Nizam\u00fclm\u00fclk\u2019lerden ayr\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc buradad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Machiavelli\u2019nin Floransa\u2019daki heykeli.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nesnel olarak bir \u201cs\u0131n\u0131f haini\u201ddir Machiavelli. H\u00fck\u00fcmdara de\u011fil belki ama h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011fa ihanet etmi\u015ftir. Bin y\u0131ll\u0131k hilelerini ortal\u0131\u011fa sererek\u2026<\/p>\n

Machiavelli, b\u00fct\u00fcn Sezar\u2019lar\u0131n Br\u00fct\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Machiavelli H\u00fck\u00fcmdar adl\u0131 eserinde, h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n (daha do\u011frusu h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n temsil etti\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n) bilmedi\u011fi bir \u015feyi anlatmaz. Egemen s\u0131n\u0131f temsilcileri binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r tam da Machiavelli\u2019in \u00f6\u011f\u00fctledi\u011fi y\u00f6ntemlerle, ama o \u201cmakyavelist\u201d y\u00f6ntemleri din, ahlak, erdem vb. gibi \u201culv\u00ee\u201d k\u0131l\u0131flarla (y\u00f6netim sanat\u0131 hileleri) \u00f6rterek y\u00f6netmi\u015flerdir toplumu. \u2018Tanr\u0131 siyasete uymal\u0131, siyaset Tanr\u0131\u2019ya de\u011fil!\u2019 \u0130\u015fte Machiavelli bu \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc kald\u0131r\u0131p atar. Y\u00f6netim […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":27075,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2314],"tags":[1656,3540,3541],"class_list":["post-27074","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-oykuleri","tag-hukumdar","tag-makyevelizm","tag-niccola-macchiavelli"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t