{"id":28384,"date":"2018-08-09T07:11:12","date_gmt":"2018-08-09T04:11:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=28384"},"modified":"2018-08-07T15:51:46","modified_gmt":"2018-08-07T12:51:46","slug":"sperm-hucrelerinin-yumurta-hucrelerine-cekilmesini-saglayan-mekanizma-kesfedildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/08\/09\/sperm-hucrelerinin-yumurta-hucrelerine-cekilmesini-saglayan-mekanizma-kesfedildi","title":{"rendered":"Sperm h\u00fccrelerinin yumurta h\u00fccrelerine \u00e7ekilmesini sa\u011flayan mekanizma ke\u015ffedildi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Marine Biyolojisi Laboratuvar\u0131&#8217;nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten bilim insanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla, sperm ve yumurta h\u00fccrelerinin zigotu var etmek i\u00e7in birle\u015fmelerini sa\u011flayacak \u00e7ekimin nas\u0131l sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re; sperm ve yumurta h\u00fccreleri aras\u0131nda kemoatraksiyona yol a\u00e7an bir molek\u00fcl bulunuyor. Bu molek\u00fcl\u00fcn vas\u0131tas\u0131yla iki h\u00fccre aras\u0131nda bir \u00e7ekim kuvveti olu\u015fuyor ve b\u00f6ylelikle reaksiyon ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28387\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28387\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-28387\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-2-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-2-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-2-100x75.jpg 100w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-2-180x135.jpg 180w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-2-238x178.jpg 238w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28387\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yumurta ve sperm h\u00fccrelerinin mikroskop alt\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcre \u00f6nce, Chicago \u00dcniversitesi Marine Biyolojisi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc&#8217;n\u00fcn direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Zoolog F. R. Lillie, deniz omurgas\u0131zlar\u0131ndan elde edilen yumurtalarda spermleri kimyasal olarak kendine \u00e7eken bir fakt\u00f6r ke\u015ffetti. Kemotaksi, olarak isimlendirilen bu kimyasal \u00e7ekim olay\u0131nda g\u00f6revli bile\u015fenlerin bir \u00e7o\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da belki de en \u00f6nemli bile\u015fen eksikti. Yap\u0131lan yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla, bu bile\u015fenin fonksiyonu ortaya koyuldu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PH&#8217;<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>n alkali hale gelmesini sa<\/strong><strong>\u011f<\/strong><strong>layan molek<\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>l<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sperm, yumurtaya ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in, sperm kuyru\u011fundaki (Ca 2+) konsantrasyonundaki vurucu art\u0131\u015f ile desteklenen kimyasal bir gradyanla y\u00fczer. Daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda yumurta ile sperm aras\u0131ndaki kemoatrakt\u0131, (Ca 2+) cevab\u0131na \u00e7eviren h\u00fccresel bile\u015fenlerin bir \u00e7o\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak eksik olan en \u00f6nemli par\u00e7a,\u00a0 sperm kuyru\u011funa giri\u015f yapabilen (Ca 2+) iyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6n ko\u015ful olan sperm h\u00fccresinin pH&#8217;\u0131 ile ilintili idi. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, (Ca 2+) iyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u00f6nko\u015ful olan, sperm h\u00fccresinin pH&#8217;\u0131n\u0131n daha alkali hale gelmesini sa\u011flayan molek\u00fcl\u00fc ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Almanya&#8217;daki \u0130leri Avrupa \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Merkezi&#8217;nden bir Marine Biyologu olan U. Benjamin Kaupp, bu molek\u00fcl\u00fc tan\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28388\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28388\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-28388\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-3-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-3.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-3-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-3-100x75.jpg 100w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-3-180x135.jpg 180w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/foto-3-238x178.jpg 238w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28388\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sperm h\u00fccresinin, yumurta h\u00fccresine \u00e7ekilmesini sa\u011flayan mekanizmadaki en \u00f6nemli nokta ayd\u0131nlat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Kaupp ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 molek\u00fcl, sodyum iyonlar\u0131n\u0131n sperm h\u00fccresine akmas\u0131na izin veriyor ve buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k protonlar\u0131 h\u00fccrenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131yor. S\u00f6zde sodyum\/proton de\u011fi\u015ftiriciler uzun zamand\u0131r biliniyordu; ancak bu molek\u00fcl di\u011fer mollek\u00fcllerden daha \u00f6zel, t\u0131pk\u0131 kalp at\u0131\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve beyindeki elektriksel aktiviteyi kontrol eden, kalp pilleri ad\u0131 verilen iyon kanallar\u0131 ile yap\u0131sal \u00f6zellikleri payla\u015fan bir molek\u00fcl gibi&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8216;Voltaj sens<\/strong><strong>\u00f6<\/strong><strong>r<\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>&#8216;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kalp pili kanallar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi sperm h\u00fccresindeki bu sodyum\/proton de\u011fi\u015fimi, &#8220;voltaj sens\u00f6r\u00fc&#8221; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan pozitif y\u00fckl\u00fc amino asitler taraf\u0131ndan aktive edilir. Sperm yakalay\u0131c\u0131 molek\u00fclleri yakalad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, voltaj negatif hale ge\u00e7er. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc potasyum kanallar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve potasyum iyonlar\u0131 h\u00fccreden ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Voltaj sens\u00f6r\u00fc bu voltaj de\u011fi\u015fimini kaydeder ve de\u011fi\u015ftiriciler, protonlar\u0131 h\u00fccreden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atmaya ba\u015flar. B\u00f6ylece h\u00fccrenin i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 daha alkali hale gelir. Bu mekanizma devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise, sperm kuyru\u011fundaki (Ca 2+) at\u0131mlar\u0131 bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve spermler yumurtaya yolculuklar\u0131nda kaybolurlar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1) https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2018-08-scientists-elusive-molecule-sperm-egg.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Marine Biyolojisi Laboratuvar\u0131&#8217;nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten bilim insanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla, sperm ve yumurta h\u00fccrelerinin zigotu var etmek i\u00e7in birle\u015fmelerini sa\u011flayacak \u00e7ekimin nas\u0131l sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re; sperm ve yumurta h\u00fccreleri aras\u0131nda kemoatraksiyona yol a\u00e7an bir molek\u00fcl bulunuyor. Bu molek\u00fcl\u00fcn vas\u0131tas\u0131yla iki h\u00fccre aras\u0131nda bir \u00e7ekim kuvveti olu\u015fuyor ve b\u00f6ylelikle reaksiyon ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. Y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1390,"featured_media":28385,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,21],"tags":[197,3188,3873],"class_list":["post-28384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji","tag-biyoloji","tag-sperm","tag-sperm-hucresi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"G\u00fclseli K\u0131rg\u0131l\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/08\/09\/sperm-hucrelerinin-yumurta-hucrelerine-cekilmesini-saglayan-mekanizma-kesfedildi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.8\" \/>\n\t\t<meta 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