{"id":28727,"date":"2018-08-27T07:15:20","date_gmt":"2018-08-27T04:15:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=28727"},"modified":"2018-08-27T08:53:32","modified_gmt":"2018-08-27T05:53:32","slug":"antik-cocuk-kurbaninin-yeni-kaniti-turkiyede-bulundu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/08\/27\/antik-cocuk-kurbaninin-yeni-kaniti-turkiyede-bulundu","title":{"rendered":"Antik \u00e7ocuk kurban\u0131n\u0131n yeni kan\u0131t\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulundu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bronz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 Mezopotamya\u2019s\u0131ndan, rit\u00fcel olarak kurban edilmi\u015f gen\u00e7 insanlar\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bulundu.<\/p>\n

Londra Tarih M\u00fczesi\u2019nden (London History Museum) yard\u0131mc\u0131 biliminsan\u0131 Dr. Brenna Hasset taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen ekip, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki bir Bronz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan, Ba\u015fur H\u00f6y\u00fck g\u00f6m\u00fc pratiklerini inceledi. H\u00f6y\u00fck M\u00d6 3100 ve 2800 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir dizi bireyi bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Alan, Mezopotamya y\u00f6neticilerinin g\u00f6m\u00fclerindeki l\u00fcks lahit t\u00fcrlerinden olan me\u015fhur Ur Soylu Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan 500 y\u0131l \u00f6nceye tarihleniyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki kaz\u0131 alan\u0131. Foto\u011fraf: Ba\u015fur H\u00f6y\u00fck Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Projesi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ba\u015fur H\u00f6y\u00fck\u2019teki bir kaz\u0131, d\u00f6nem ve b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in e\u015fi benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f say\u0131da y\u00fcksek stat\u00fcl\u00fc mezar e\u015fyalar\u0131yla birlikte \u00e7oklu g\u00f6m\u00fcler bar\u0131nd\u0131ran tabut-benzeri geni\u015f bir ta\u015f lahit a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7 mezarda, erkek ve kad\u0131n, 11 ya\u015f\u0131ndan gen\u00e7 eri\u015fkinlere kadar de\u011fi\u015fen ya\u015flarda, en az 11 insana ait kal\u0131nt\u0131lar bulundu.<\/p>\n

Lahitin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda birka\u00e7 insan ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f s\u00fcs e\u015fyalar\u0131 ve mezar sunular\u0131yla birlikte g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcyd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Brenna Hasset, \u201cG\u00f6m\u00fcler, bireylerin gen\u00e7li\u011fi, say\u0131lar\u0131 ve onlarla birlikte g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f objelerin zenginli\u011fi nedeniyle dikkat \u00e7ekici\u201d diyor. \u201cMezopotamya\u2019daki kad\u0131nlar ve \u00e7ocuklar nadiren mezarl\u0131k s\u00fcsleriyle g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcr fakat bunlar normalde ki\u015fisel e\u015fyalard\u0131r. Bu gen\u00e7 insanlar\u0131n kazara yahut do\u011fal yollarla \u00f6lmediklerini, bilakis kurban edildiklerini, g\u00f6steren \u00e7e\u015fitli kan\u0131tlar var.\u201d diye ekliyor.\"\"<\/p>\n

Antik Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu\u2019da insan kurban\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Antik Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Irak, T\u00fcrkiye, \u0130ran, Suriye ve Kuveyt topraklar\u0131ndan olu\u015fuyordu. Tarihi yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak M\u00d6 4 binde ba\u015flar. Bu alan\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, birbirine yaz\u0131 sistemleri ve tanr\u0131lar\u0131yla ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin bir koleksiyonu, Mezopotamya\u2019y\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7ok erken insan toplumu, buradaki gibi, b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e ve daha karma\u015f\u0131k hale geldik\u00e7e insan kurban\u0131n\u0131 bir ara\u00e7 olarak kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hasset, \u201cDaha \u00f6nce bu alanda bilinen en iyi insan kurban\u0131, y\u00fczlerce g\u00f6m\u00fcn\u00fcn kurban olarak kimliklendirildi\u011fi abidevi Kraliyet Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ke\u015ffiydi\u201d diyor. \u201c\u0130nsan kurban\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n, buradaki gibi, Mezopotamya\u2019da y\u00fckselen karma\u015f\u0131k uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lerini tahkim etme yollar\u0131ndan birisi oldu\u011fu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu ke\u015fif, ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 500 y\u0131l \u00f6nceye ve 500 mil kuzeye kayd\u0131r\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bunun insan kurban\u0131 oldu\u011funu nas\u0131l biliyoruz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ayaklar\u0131nda di\u011fer sekiz ki\u015fiyle birlikte, iki \u00e7ocuk mezarda yatar vaziyette g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcyd\u00fc. Dikkatlice yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorlard\u0131, de\u011ferli e\u015fyalarla s\u00fcslenmi\u015flerdi ve sosyal de\u011ferin g\u00f6stergesi olarak \u00f6zenle dekore edilmi\u015flerdi.\"\"<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar her ne kadar bu insanlar\u0131n tam olarak nas\u0131l \u00f6ld\u00fcklerini do\u011frulayamasalar da mezar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki iki hizmetlide, do\u011fal olmayan \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrten, saplama ve kesme yaralar\u0131 dahil kesici travma kan\u0131t\u0131 g\u00f6sterildi.<\/p>\n

Bilhassa gen\u00e7 eri\u015fkin erkeklerden birisi kal\u00e7as\u0131nda ve kafas\u0131nda travmalar ya\u015fad\u0131 ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnen o ki hayat\u0131 \u015fiddetle son buldu. Belki de kal\u00e7as\u0131ndan ve kafatas\u0131ndan sivri u\u00e7luyla bir \u015feyle b\u0131\u00e7akland\u0131. Kafa yaralar\u0131, Ur Kraliyet Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndaki kurban g\u00f6m\u00fclerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen kafatas\u0131 travmalar\u0131 yeniden-yap\u0131mlar\u0131yla benzer.<\/p>\n

Hasset, \u201cBu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ve gen\u00e7 insanlar\u0131n bir katliamda ya da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. V\u00fccutlar\u0131n dikkatlice konumland\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 ve \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren \u00f6l\u00fcm bu g\u00f6m\u00fclerin b\u00f6lgedeki di\u011fer yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen insan kurbanlar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 yolla \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor.\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Neden kurban edildiler?<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00f6m\u00fcler, G\u00fcney-Bat\u0131 Asya\u2019da erken devletler olu\u015furken, toplumda ya\u015fanan geni\u015f sosyal ve ekonomik buhranlar\u0131n kan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan kurban\u0131, yani insanlar\u0131 rit\u00fcel ama\u00e7larla \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek, genellikle hiyerar\u015fik olarak merkezile\u015fmi\u015f toplumlarla ili\u015fkilendirilir. \u00c7e\u015fitli ruhsal, politik, askeri ya da ekonomik hedeflere ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in de yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Mezopotamya\u2019da bu d\u00f6nem, politik karga\u015fal\u0131klar, istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k ve kriz zaman\u0131d\u0131r. Hasset kurbanlar\u0131n, buradaki gibi, bir \u015fehrin veya devletin n\u00fcfusunu kontrol etmenin bir yolu oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0130\u00e7indeki ve etraf\u0131ndaki sekiz iskeletle birlikte b\u00fcy\u00fck bir lahit mezar. Ba\u015fur H\u00f6y\u00fck Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Projesi izniyle.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

En kuzeydeki b\u00f6lgede, Yukar\u0131 Dicle nehrinin vadilerinde, Ba\u015fur H\u00f6y\u00fck insanlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lerini (kamusal olarak – \u00e7n) g\u00f6stermede yeni yollar geli\u015ftirdi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Bu, g\u00f6m\u00fcye bronz mallardan bir hazine yat\u0131rarak zenginli\u011fi g\u00f6stermekten, kurban edilmi\u015f insan hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek sunusuna kadar uzan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fur H\u00f6y\u00fck, metal-i\u015fleyen k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin ve genellikle bat\u0131 uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n be\u015fi\u011fi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiye, \u0130ran, Suriye ve Kuveyt\u2019le birlikte Irak taraf\u0131ndan yerle\u015filmi\u015f, Mezopotamya olarak bilinen b\u00f6lge aras\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemli ge\u00e7i\u015f yollar\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Hasset, \u201cbu heyecan verici ke\u015fif d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk devletlerinin geli\u015fimine bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirecek\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Bununla beraber, kaz\u0131lar, alanda en az 50 bireyin rasgele g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir kuyu d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere, bir dizi gizemli yeni g\u00f6m\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yeni bir Sanat ve Be\u015feri Bilimler Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131, UCL\u2019den Prof David Wengrow, Brenna Hasset ve M\u00fczenin antik DNA uzmanlar\u0131 tak\u0131m\u0131ndan Prof. Ian Barnes ve Dr. Selina Brace\u2019ye, bildi\u011fimiz uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in verildi.<\/p>\n

Kaynak<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) http:\/\/www.nhm.ac.uk\/discover\/news\/2018\/june\/new-evidence-of-ancient-child-sacrifice-found-in-turkey.html<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bronz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 Mezopotamya\u2019s\u0131ndan, rit\u00fcel olarak kurban edilmi\u015f gen\u00e7 insanlar\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bulundu. Londra Tarih M\u00fczesi\u2019nden (London History Museum) yard\u0131mc\u0131 biliminsan\u0131 Dr. Brenna Hasset taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen ekip, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki bir Bronz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan, Ba\u015fur H\u00f6y\u00fck g\u00f6m\u00fc pratiklerini inceledi. H\u00f6y\u00fck M\u00d6 3100 ve 2800 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir dizi bireyi bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. Alan, Mezopotamya y\u00f6neticilerinin g\u00f6m\u00fclerindeki l\u00fcks lahit t\u00fcrlerinden olan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":673,"featured_media":28728,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,1],"tags":[3676,3979,3978,758],"class_list":["post-28727","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-genel","tag-basur-hoyuk","tag-brenna-hasset","tag-insan-kurbani","tag-mezopotamya"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28727","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/673"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28727"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28727\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28728"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28727"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28727"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28727"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}