{"id":29004,"date":"2018-09-03T05:01:52","date_gmt":"2018-09-03T02:01:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=29004"},"modified":"2018-09-02T00:07:25","modified_gmt":"2018-09-01T21:07:25","slug":"einsteinin-genel-gorelilik-kurami-karadeligin-yakininda-dogrulandi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/09\/03\/einsteinin-genel-gorelilik-kurami-karadeligin-yakininda-dogrulandi","title":{"rendered":"Einstein\u2019\u0131n genel g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131 karadeli\u011fin yak\u0131n\u0131nda do\u011fruland\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yery\u00fcz\u00fcne en yak\u0131n s\u00fcper k\u00fctleli karadelik, emici tozun kal\u0131n bulutlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan gizlenmi\u015f, Samanyolu\u2019nun merkezinde bizden yakla\u015f\u0131k 26.000 \u0131\u015f\u0131ky\u0131l\u0131 uzakl\u0131kta yer al\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in d\u00f6rt milyon kat\u0131 k\u00fctleye sahip olan bu yer\u00e7ekimi canavar\u0131, y\u00fcksek h\u0131zda d\u00f6nen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir y\u0131ld\u0131z grubuyla \u00e7evrilidir. Bu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 b\u00f6lge -g\u00f6kadam\u0131zdaki en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yer\u00e7ekimi alan\u0131- yer\u00e7ekimi fizi\u011fini, \u00f6zellikle de Einstein\u2019\u0131n genel g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131 test etmek i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel bir yer haline getirir.<\/p>\n

ESO\u2019nun \u00c7ok B\u00fcy\u00fck Teleskopu\u2019nun (VLT: Very Large Telescope) \u00fczerindeki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hassas GRAVITY, NACO ve SINFONI cihazlar\u0131ndan gelen yeni k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi g\u00f6zlemler, astronomlar\u0131n, S2 ad\u0131 verilen bu y\u0131ld\u0131zlardan birini takip etmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. Bu sayede, y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n May\u0131s 2018\u2019de karadeli\u011fe \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir h\u0131zla ge\u00e7ip (saatte 25 milyon kilometreden fazla ya da \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc) yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 milyar kilometreden az bir mesafede y\u00f6r\u00fcngede bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemlendi.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Very Large Telescope (VLT), \u015eili\u2019nin Atacama \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019nde, 2635 metre y\u00fckseklikte Cerro Paranal da\u011f\u0131nda yerle\u015fik bulunan ve Avrupa G\u00fcney Rasathanesi taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fletilen dev teleskoptur.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bu son derece hassas \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler, Max Planck Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden ve Almanya\u2019daki d\u00fcnya d\u0131\u015f\u0131 fizik alan\u0131nda (MPE) Reinhard Genzel taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen uluslararas\u0131 bir ekip taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131. G\u00f6zlemler, ESO enstr\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanan Samanyolu\u2019nun merkezine ait 26 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir dizi daha kesin g\u00f6zlemin sonucunu olu\u015fturuyor. \u201cBu, galaksimizin merkezindeki karadeli\u011fin etraf\u0131ndaki S2\u2019nin yak\u0131n ge\u00e7i\u015fini g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fimiz ikinci zamand\u0131r. Ama bu kez, \u00e7ok geli\u015fmi\u015f enstr\u00fcmentasyon sayesinde, y\u0131ld\u0131za e\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckle bakabildik\u201d diyor ve ekliyoryor Genzel: \u201cBu olayla ilgili olarak uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlan\u0131yorduk, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc genel g\u00f6relili\u011fin etkilerini g\u00f6zlemlemek i\u00e7in bu e\u015fsiz f\u0131rsattan en iyi \u015fekilde yararlanmak istedik.\u201d<\/p>\n

Yeni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler, \u00e7ekimsel k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ya kayma denilen bir etkiyi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Y\u0131ld\u0131zdan gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131k, karadeli\u011fin \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yer\u00e7ekimi alan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan daha uzun dalga boylar\u0131na gerilir. Ve S2\u2019den gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n dalga boyundaki uzam\u0131, Einstein\u2019\u0131n genel g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclenle tam olarak uyu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu, ilk kez bir s\u00fcper k\u00fctleli karadelik etraf\u0131ndaki bir y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n hareketinde, daha basit olan Newton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k \u00e7ekiminin tahminlerinden do\u011fan sapman\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmesidir. Ekip, S2\u2019nin y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinin \u015feklini tan\u0131mlamak ve S2\u2019nin pozisyonunu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hassas \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler yapmak i\u00e7in GRAVITY interferometrik enstr\u00fcman\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n uzaktaki hareketini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in SINFONI enstr\u00fcman\u0131n\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. GRAVITY, y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n hareketi gece boyunca karadeli\u011fe yakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a (D\u00fcnya\u2019dan 26.000 \u0131\u015f\u0131ky\u0131l\u0131 uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na) son derece keskin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler yakal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

GRAVITY enstr\u00fcman\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131 Frank Eisenhauer (MPE), \u201cS2 ile ilgili ilk g\u00f6zlemlerimiz, yakla\u015f\u0131k iki y\u0131l \u00f6nce bizlere ideal bir karadelik laboratuar\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fumuzu g\u00f6sterdi. Yak\u0131n d\u00f6nemde sadece y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinde tam olarak takip etmeyi de\u011fil, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin \u00e7o\u011funda karadeli\u011fin etraf\u0131ndaki s\u00f6n\u00fck \u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131y\u0131 bile tespit edebildik.\u201d diyor. Tak\u0131m, SINFONI ve GRAVITY\u2019nin konumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve h\u0131z \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerini ve di\u011fer enstr\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00f6nceki g\u00f6zlemleri birle\u015ftirerek, Newton\u2019un yer\u00e7ekimi, genel g\u00f6relilik ve di\u011fer yer\u00e7ekimi teorileri tahminleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Beklendi\u011fi gibi, yeni sonu\u00e7lar Newton tahminleri ile tutars\u0131z ve genel g\u00f6relilik tahminleri ile m\u00fckemmel bir uyum i\u00e7indedir. Genel g\u00f6relilik denklemlerini ortaya koyan makalesini yay\u0131nlad\u0131ktan 100 y\u0131ldan uzun bir s\u00fcre sonra, Einstein bir kez daha do\u011fruland\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Genel g\u00f6relilik denklemlerini ortaya koyan makalesini yay\u0131nlad\u0131ktan 100 y\u0131ldan uzun bir s\u00fcre sonra, Einstein bir kez daha do\u011fruland\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

K\u00f6ln \u00dcniversitesi Fizik Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn donan\u0131m katk\u0131s\u0131 GRAVITY\u2019nin iki spektrometresinin geli\u015ftirilmesi ve in\u015fas\u0131yd\u0131. Spektrometreler g\u00f6zlenen y\u0131ld\u0131z \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n dalga boyunu analiz eder ve al\u0131nan fotonlar\u0131 elektronik sinyallere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u201cGRAVITY teknolojik bir sorundur. Bununla birlikte, Galaktik Merkezdeki y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n ve astronomik enstr\u00fcmantasyonun geli\u015ftirilmesi \u00fczerine yirmi y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir devam eden astrofiziksel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardan sonra, \u00e7aba, deneysel fizikte m\u00fckemmel bir sonu\u00e7la \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildi\u201ddiyor K\u00f6ln \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Andreas Eckhart.<\/p>\n

Devam eden g\u00f6zlemlerin, S2\u2019nin karadelikten uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha sonraki y\u0131llarda da g\u00f6receli bir etki yaratmas\u0131 bekleniyor. Bu, y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesindeki sadece k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir rotasyon.<\/p>\n

Kaynak<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2018\/07\/180730090158.htm <\/u><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yery\u00fcz\u00fcne en yak\u0131n s\u00fcper k\u00fctleli karadelik, emici tozun kal\u0131n bulutlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan gizlenmi\u015f, Samanyolu\u2019nun merkezinde bizden yakla\u015f\u0131k 26.000 \u0131\u015f\u0131ky\u0131l\u0131 uzakl\u0131kta yer al\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in d\u00f6rt milyon kat\u0131 k\u00fctleye sahip olan bu yer\u00e7ekimi canavar\u0131, y\u00fcksek h\u0131zda d\u00f6nen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir y\u0131ld\u0131z grubuyla \u00e7evrilidir. Bu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 b\u00f6lge -g\u00f6kadam\u0131zdaki en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yer\u00e7ekimi alan\u0131- yer\u00e7ekimi fizi\u011fini, \u00f6zellikle de Einstein\u2019\u0131n genel g\u00f6relilik kuram\u0131n\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1453,"featured_media":29006,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[4008,4010,2239,4009],"class_list":["post-29004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-albert-einstein","tag-genel-gorelilik-kurami","tag-karadelik","tag-very-large-telescope"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t