{"id":29695,"date":"2018-09-28T05:01:30","date_gmt":"2018-09-28T02:01:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=29695"},"modified":"2018-09-28T05:12:19","modified_gmt":"2018-09-28T02:12:19","slug":"yillarca-bitkisel-hayatta-kalan-hastanin-olaganustu-bir-yontemle-bilinci-acildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/09\/28\/yillarca-bitkisel-hayatta-kalan-hastanin-olaganustu-bir-yontemle-bilinci-acildi","title":{"rendered":"Y\u0131llarca bitkisel hayatta kalan hastan\u0131n, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir y\u00f6ntemle bilinci a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Eric LeRod, Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Lyon kenti yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda yer alan tarihi Perouges kasabas\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, ailesinin sahibi oldu\u011fu bir \u00fcz\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Ona sorsan\u0131z d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en muhte\u015fem kasabas\u0131 ve ba\u011f bah\u00e7eleridir.<\/p>\n

Hen\u00fcz 20 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken, yeni ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ehliyetinin kutlamas\u0131n\u0131 yapmak \u00fczere, hayli karizmatik bir \u015farap yap\u0131m ustas\u0131 olan babas\u0131 M\u00f6sy\u00f6 Jean LeRod\u2019dan arabas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 al\u0131r. Perouges kasabas\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k 3 Silah\u015forlar Festivaline de kat\u0131l\u0131p bir hayli i\u00e7erler. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, kafas\u0131 hayli k\u0131yak olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen evlerine b\u0131rakan Eric, \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 se\u00e7ilen ba\u011f evlerinin yolunu tutar. Bir anda evin \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 giderek karartan dev bir bayku\u015fun araban\u0131n \u00f6n cam\u0131na h\u0131zla \u00e7arpmas\u0131yla yol \u00fczerindeki ta\u015f k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinden 3 metre a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki dereye u\u00e7ar. Zaten hi\u00e7 al\u0131\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 emniyet kemerini takmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nce \u00f6n cama kafas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7arpar sonra da s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc kap\u0131s\u0131na belini vurur. Bilincini kaybeder, komaya girer, ard\u0131ndan bitkisel hayata. Ve tam 15 y\u0131l orada bekler.<\/p>\n

Bu 15 y\u0131l boyunca umutlar\u0131n\u0131 Eric\u2019in doktoru Dr. de Somme\u2019un s\u00f6yledi\u011fi tek bir c\u00fcmleye ba\u011flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131: \u201cTeknoloji \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bu tip durumlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelebilece\u011fimiz bir y\u00f6ne ilerliyor, tahminimce t\u0131p ve n\u00f6robilim bitkisel hayatlara 5 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde son verecek \u00e7areyi bulacak.\u201d<\/p>\n

Dr. de Somme gen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131nda alkolle m\u00fccadele etmi\u015fti. Ama Eric\u2019in ailesine \u015fu s\u00f6z\u00fc vermi\u015fti: \u201cBir g\u00fcn olur da Eric uyan\u0131rsa sizinle \u015faraplar\u0131n\u0131zdan bir kadeh i\u00e7ece\u011fim.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bekledikleri telefon, etraf\u0131 sar\u0131-k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renk c\u00fcmb\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne bo\u011fan, g\u00fczel Lyon sonbahar\u0131n\u0131n bir Cumartesi g\u00fcn\u00fcnde gelir: \u201cMarie hemen Eric\u2019i haz\u0131rlay\u0131n. Ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmayacak bir f\u0131rsat do\u011fdu. Ambulans\u0131 yolluyorum. Detaylar\u0131 hastanede konu\u015fal\u0131m.\u201d<\/p>\n

Lyon\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir n\u00f6robilim merkezi tehlikeli ama umut vaat eden bir deney i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucunda Eric\u2019i bulmu\u015ftu. \u0130\u015flerini \u015fansa b\u0131rakmak istemeyen ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 alan\u0131n talihe de\u011fil somut verilere, ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 deneylere ve uyanan hastalara ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funun bilincinde uzun bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucunda ona ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Deneyin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan sonra g\u00fcnler ge\u00e7er. 34. g\u00fcnde Marie LeRod yeni toplanm\u0131\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcmlerin, s\u0131k\u0131m i\u015flemine g\u00f6z atarken k\u0131z\u0131 ona bir telefon oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n

Arayan Dr. De Somme\u2019dur. Ko\u015farak ahizeyi al\u0131r: \u201cMarie, o nefis kokulu \u015eiraz \u015farab\u0131n\u0131zdan a\u00e7\u0131n haydi. Bir kadeh, hatta bir \u015fi\u015fe i\u00e7meye geliyorum!\u201d<\/p>\n

Bu hasta nas\u0131l uyand\u0131?
\n<\/strong>Yukar\u0131daki kurgu hik\u00e2ye sizi olay\u0131n i\u00e7ine biraz daha \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in yaz\u0131ld\u0131. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da okuyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z gibi, olay\u0131n ger\u00e7ek kahramanlar\u0131ysa hem bilim ad\u0131na hem de insanl\u0131k ad\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ad\u0131m att\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Normalde 1 y\u0131ldan fazla bitkisel hayatta kalan hastalar\u0131n bilin\u00e7 kazanma \u015fanslar\u0131 \u00e7ok azd\u0131r. Bilin\u00e7 ve i\u015flevsel durumu ayn\u0131 anda d\u00fczelerek uyananlara ise t\u0131p mucize kabilinden bakmaktad\u0131r.\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00f6robilimin hayli yeni ve deneysel bir alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Frans\u0131z bir bilim ekibi, beyni v\u00fccudun di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerine, ta ba\u011f\u0131rsaklara kadar ba\u011flayan ve organlara parasempatik motor sinyalleri ileten 10. kafa siniri olan Vagus sinirini<\/strong>, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs i\u00e7ine tak\u0131lan elektrotlar sayesinde d\u00fczenli olarak uyaran bir aparat geli\u015ftirmi\u015flerdi. Yapmak istedikleri, hik\u00e2yede Eric olarak an\u0131lan, bitkisel hayattaki hastaya zorlu bir ameliyatla bu aleti ve elektrotlar\u0131 takmak, en az bir ay boyunca da d\u00fczenli olarak vagus sinirini uyararak onunla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece ilk a\u015famada hastan\u0131n bilin\u00e7 durumunu d\u00fczelterek, g\u00f6rsel ve\/veya i\u015fitsel uyaranlara y\u00f6nelik istemli hareketlerin ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve \u00e7evre ile ileti\u015fimin kurulabilmesi ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hastan\u0131n beyninde ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi trafik kazas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hasar bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in zaten hemen y\u00fcr\u00fcmesi ve konu\u015fmas\u0131 beklenmiyordu.<\/p>\n

\u201cHer ne olursa olsun bundan daha k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fc olamaz.\u201d, diyen hastan\u0131n annesinin onay\u0131 ve deste\u011fiyle ameliyat ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde yap\u0131l\u0131r ve denemeler ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Sa\u011fdaki s\u0131cak renkler planl\u0131 hareketlerden, mek\u00e2nsal alg\u0131lamadan ve dikkatten sorumlu beyin b\u00f6lgeleri aras\u0131nda, vagus sinir uyar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 takiben ba\u011flant\u0131daki art\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Deneyle ilgili \u00f6zet okumak isteyenler buraya<\/a> g\u00f6z atabilirler. Deney sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ve ileri okuma i\u00e7in kaynak\u00e7aya bakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Bundan sonra olanlar hayat\u0131n\u0131 n\u00f6robilime adam\u0131\u015f y\u0131lmaz bir bilim kad\u0131n\u0131 ve ekibinin, bilim tarihine ge\u00e7en ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ba\u015far\u0131 hik\u00e2yesidir.<\/p>\n

Hayat\u0131n\u0131 n\u00f6robilime adayan bir bilimkad\u0131n\u0131: Angela Sirigu
\n<\/strong>Fransa, Lyon\u2019daki Bili\u015fsel Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Y\u00f6neticisi (Institute Of Cognitive Science – Marc Jeannerod), bol \u00f6d\u00fcll\u00fc n\u00f6robilim kad\u0131nlar\u0131ndan aslen \u0130talyan olan Angela Sirigu ve ekibi, hik\u00e2yemin ger\u00e7ek kahramanlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Eyl\u00fcl 2017\u2019de t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada b\u00fcy\u00fck yank\u0131 uyand\u0131ran, k\u0131saca VSN Deneyi olarak an\u0131lan bu deney ba\u015far\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f olsa da onlar i\u015flerinin daha yeni ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilinciyle disiplinden hi\u00e7 kopmadan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam ediyorlar.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Dr. Angela Sirigu.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bir ayl\u0131k bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonucunda hik\u00e2yede Eric olarak an\u0131lan hastas\u0131 g\u00f6zlerini a\u00e7ar ve 15 y\u0131ldan beri ilk defa tepki verir. Y\u0131llard\u0131r ara s\u0131ra a\u00e7\u0131lsa da g\u00f6zlerini bo\u015flu\u011fa diken deneyin kahraman\u0131, ilk defa g\u00f6zlerini insanlara do\u011fru diker. Bunu g\u00f6ren Dr. Sirigu hastan\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcne do\u011fru e\u011filir. Tam o anda bilin\u00e7li birinin yapaca\u011f\u0131 gibi hastas\u0131 irkilerek g\u00f6zlerini fal ta\u015f\u0131 gibi a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7ok sevindirici geli\u015fmeden sonra Sirigu ve ekibi i\u00e7in en anlaml\u0131 an, hastan\u0131n en sevdi\u011fi Frans\u0131z \u015fark\u0131c\u0131 Jean-Jacques Goldman\u2019dan bir m\u00fczik dinlettikleri anm\u0131\u015f. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o an hasta g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131yla tepki vermi\u015f. \u0130\u015fte bu duygusal tepki deneyin olmas\u0131 gereken \u015fekilde ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6stergesi olmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

\u201cO bizim ilk g\u00f6z a\u011fr\u0131m\u0131z. Bebe\u011fimiz gibi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc uyand\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ilk hastam\u0131z. Ona \u00e7ok ba\u011fland\u0131k. Bizim i\u00e7in hep \u00e7ok \u00f6zel bir yeri olacak. Ona, ailesine ve \u00f6zellikle annesine minnet bor\u00e7luyuz!\u201d diyor Dr. Sirigu.<\/p>\n

Hayat\u0131n\u0131 bilime adayan b\u00f6ylesi insanlar\u0131n hepimize, ama \u00f6ncelikle \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131za ilham olmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Onlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmeli, okullar\u0131m\u0131zda okutmal\u0131y\u0131z. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda i\u015flere imza atan bilim adamlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n heykellerini meydanlar\u0131m\u0131za dikmeliyiz.<\/p>\n

Daha ayd\u0131nl\u0131k bir d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in bilimle kal\u0131n, ho\u015f kal\u0131n!<\/p>\n

Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) Martina Corazzol, Guillaume Lio, Arthur Lefevre, Gianluca Deiana, Laurence Tell, Nathalie Andr\u00e9-Obadia, Pierre Bourdillon, Marc Guenot, Michel Desmurget, Jacques Luaut\u00e9, and Angela Sirigu, Restoring consciousness with vagus nerve stimulation, Current Biology<\/em>, 2017, Eyl\u00fcl: 10.1016\/j.cub.2017.07.060<\/p>\n

2) Makale (2017), Consciousness ‘restored’ using nerve stimulation, Medical News Today<\/em> https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/319529.php<\/p>\n

3) Video (2017), Vagus nerve stimulation: Man in 15-year vegetative state responds to nerve stimulation – TomoNews, Youtube<\/em>, https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VpPbKfHTfaA<\/p>\n

4) Angela Sirigu\u2019nun di\u011fer ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, Research Gate<\/em>, https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/scientific-contributions\/2081962855_Angela_Sirigu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Eric LeRod, Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Lyon kenti yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda yer alan tarihi Perouges kasabas\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, ailesinin sahibi oldu\u011fu bir \u00fcz\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Ona sorsan\u0131z d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en muhte\u015fem kasabas\u0131 ve ba\u011f bah\u00e7eleridir. Hen\u00fcz 20 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken, yeni ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ehliyetinin kutlamas\u0131n\u0131 yapmak \u00fczere, hayli karizmatik bir \u015farap yap\u0131m ustas\u0131 olan babas\u0131 M\u00f6sy\u00f6 Jean LeRod\u2019dan arabas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 al\u0131r. Perouges kasabas\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k 3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1673,"featured_media":29696,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[634,2270,1135],"class_list":["post-29695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-bilinc","tag-norobilim","tag-sinir-sistemi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29695","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1673"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29695"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29695\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29696"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29695"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}