{"id":29797,"date":"2018-09-30T05:03:18","date_gmt":"2018-09-30T02:03:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=29797"},"modified":"2018-09-30T09:44:44","modified_gmt":"2018-09-30T06:44:44","slug":"ledumahadi-mafube-guney-afrikanin-yeni-jurassic-devi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/09\/30\/ledumahadi-mafube-guney-afrikanin-yeni-jurassic-devi","title":{"rendered":"Ledumahadi mafube: G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n yeni jurassic devi"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n \u00d6zg\u00fcr Devlet \u0130li\u2019nde yeni bir dev dinozor t\u00fcr\u00fc bulundu. Ledumahadi mafube<\/em> isimli otobur dinozor, 12 ton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndayd\u0131 ve kal\u00e7alar\u0131 d\u00f6rt metre y\u00fcksekli\u011findeydi. Ledumahadi mafube<\/em>, yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde D\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck kara canl\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir Afrika filinin kabaca iki kat\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Witwatersrand \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden (Wits) paleontolog Prof. Jonah Choiniere’nin liderli\u011findeki uluslararas\u0131 biliminsanlar\u0131 ekibi, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde Current Biology<\/em> dergisinde yeni t\u00fcrleri tan\u0131tt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dinozorun ad\u0131 “\u015fafak vakti dev bir g\u00f6k g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc” anlam\u0131na gelen Sesotho’dur (Sesotho, G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n 11 resmi dilinin ve yerli bir dilinin konu\u015fuldu\u011fu, dinozorun bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgenin ad\u0131d\u0131r).<\/p>\n

Choiniere, \u201cBu isim hayvan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u00f6keninin sauropod dinozorlar\u0131ndan geldi\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fini yans\u0131t\u0131yor\u201d diyor. \u201cG\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n hem eski hem de en son miras\u0131n\u0131 onurland\u0131r\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ledumahadi mafube<\/em>, sauropod dinozorlar\u0131n en yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131ndan biri. A\u011f\u0131tl\u0131klar\u0131 60 tona kadar ula\u015fan sauropodlar, Brontosaurus gibi iyi bilinen t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7erir. B\u00fct\u00fcn sauropodlar otoburdur ve modern filler gibi d\u00f6rt ayak \u00fczerinde dururlar. Ledumahadi<\/em>, dev boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 sauropodlardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak geli\u015ftirdi ve d\u00f6rt ayak \u00fczerinde durmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00f6n ayaklar\u0131 daha \u00e7\u00f6melmi\u015f durumdayd\u0131. Bu, bilimsel ekibin, Ledumahadi<\/em>‘yi dev v\u00fccut b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile evrimsel bir “deney” olarak de\u011ferlendirmesine neden oldu.<\/p>\n

Ledumahadi<\/em>‘nin fosili, yaln\u0131zca bireysel ya\u015fam tarihinin de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 co\u011frafya tarihinin ve sauropod dinozorlar\u0131n evrimsel tarihinin b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici hik\u00e2yesini anlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Ledumahadi mafube, Jura d\u00f6neminin devasa sauropodomorflar\u0131n\u0131n ilk \u00f6rne\u011fidir. \/ Wits University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015fyazar\u0131 Dr. Blair McPhee \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201cBu hayvanla ilgili beni ilk etkileyen \u015fey, bacak kemiklerinin inan\u0131lmaz sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131. Devasa sauropod dinozorlara benzer boyuttayd\u0131, ama bu hayvanlar\u0131n kollar\u0131 ve bacaklar\u0131 tipik olarak olduk\u00e7a inceydi, Ledumahadi<\/em>‘lerinki ise inan\u0131lmaz derecede kal\u0131n. Bana g\u00f6re, bu, sauropodomorflarda devasa boyutlara ula\u015fman\u0131n basit olmaktan uzak oldu\u011funu ve bu hayvanlar\u0131n yeme ve hareket etme gibi genel ya\u015fam problemlerini \u00e7\u00f6zme bi\u00e7iminin daha \u00f6nce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclenden \u00e7ok daha dinamik oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermekte.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, Ledumahadi<\/em>‘nin daha sonraki sauropod dinozorlar\u0131 gibi d\u00f6rt ayak \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in “kol” ve “bacak” \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerini kulland\u0131 ve Massospondylus gibi zaman\u0131ndaki di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok grup \u00fcyesinden farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu. Ekip ayr\u0131ca, daha \u00f6nce pek \u00e7ok akrabas\u0131n\u0131n da d\u00f6rt ayak \u00fczerinde durdu\u011funu, bu v\u00fccut duru\u015funun bir kereden fazla evrimle\u015fti\u011fini ve biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden daha erken ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Dr. Roger Benson \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201cBir\u00e7ok dev dinozor d\u00f6rt ayak \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc ama iki ayak \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyen atalar\u0131 vard\u0131. Biliminsanlar\u0131 bu evrimsel de\u011fi\u015fimi bilmek ister, ama \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde, hi\u00e7 kimse dinozorlar\u0131n nas\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc anlamak i\u00e7in bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemine ba\u015fvurmad\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bloemfontein’deki G\u00fcney Afrika Ulusal M\u00fczesi’nden Dr. Jennifer Botha-Brink, osteohistolojik analiz yoluyla fosilin kemik dokusunu analiz ederek hayvan\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 hesaplad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Botha-Brink \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201cHayvan\u0131n eri\u015fkinli\u011fe h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde eri\u015fti\u011fini fosille\u015fmi\u015f kemik mikroyap\u0131s\u0131na bakarak s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Y\u0131ll\u0131k birikmi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcme halkalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresel olarak daralm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.\u201d Bu hayvan\u0131n yeti\u015fkinli\u011fe ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

\u201cKemik dokular\u0131n\u0131n hem bazal sauropodomorflar\u0131n hem de daha sonra t\u00fcreyen sauropodlar\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini g\u00f6stermesi ilgin\u00e7ti, bu da Ledumahadi<\/em>‘nin bu iki b\u00fcy\u00fck dinozor grubu aras\u0131nda bir ge\u00e7i\u015f formunu temsil etti\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ledumahadi<\/em>, G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n \u00d6zg\u00fcr Devlet \u0130li\u2019nde, Clarens civar\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgede ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. Buras\u0131 \u015fu anda da\u011fl\u0131k bir do\u011fal alan, ancak dinozorun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda, d\u00fcz, yar\u0131 kurak bir manzaras\u0131 vard\u0131 ve s\u0131\u011f, aral\u0131kl\u0131 kuru dereler ile \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

Dr. Emese Bordy \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201c200 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n, G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n merkezi Karoo veya G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n Limpopo Eyaleti Musina civar\u0131ndaki, kemik fosillerinin korunmu\u015f oldu\u011fu tortul kaya katmanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n \u00f6zellikler g\u00f6steren mevcut \u00e7evreye \u00e7ok benzer bir b\u00f6lge oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ledumahadi<\/em>, yak\u0131n bir zaman diliminde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan Arjantin’deki di\u011fer devasa dinozorlarla yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkilidir; bu da Panayea s\u00fcper havzas\u0131n\u0131n Erken Jura’da toplanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu destekler. Choiniere \u015funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201cBu, o zamanlar dinozorlar\u0131n Johannesburg’dan Buenos Aires’e ne kadar kolay y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Afrika Bilim ve Teknoloji Bakan\u0131 Mmamoloko Kubayi-Ngubane, bu dinozorun ke\u015ffinin G\u00fcney Afrika paleontolojisinin d\u00fcnyaya ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi\u011fine vurgu yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Kubayi-Ngubane \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201c\u00dclkemiz insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n be\u015fi\u011fi olmakla kalm\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda devasa dinozorlar\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fini anlamam\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan fosillere de sahip. Bu, G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019n\u0131n astronomi, deniz ve kutup ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, yerli halk ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilikte oldu\u011fu gibi uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6neme sahip bilimsel at\u0131l\u0131mlar i\u00e7in de co\u011frafi avantaj temeline sahip bir \u00f6rnek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ledumahadi<\/em> ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, Cape Town \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden ve Bloemfontein’deki G\u00fcney Afrika Ulusal M\u00fczesi’nden G\u00fcney Afrika merkezli paleobilimciler Dr. Emese Bordy ve Dr Jennifer Botha-Brink\u2019in yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Oxford \u00dcniversitesi’nden Prof. Roger BJ Benson ve Dr. Blair McPhee’nin uluslararas\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi ile y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce ABD’den G\u00fcney Afrika’ya g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Choiniere \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: “G\u00fcney Afrika, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin \u00f6nde gelen en iyi paleontologlar\u0131ndan ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 istihdam etmek ve onlarla birlikte bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma grubu olu\u015fturmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir ayr\u0131cal\u0131\u011fa sahip. Dinozorlar uluslararas\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 g\u00f6zetmiyorlard\u0131 ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma gruplar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n da g\u00f6zetmemesi \u00f6nemli.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong> \u201cLedumahadi mafube: South Africa’s new jurassic giant<\/a>\u201d Sciencedaily<\/em>, 27 Eyl\u00fcl 2018.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n \u00d6zg\u00fcr Devlet \u0130li\u2019nde yeni bir dev dinozor t\u00fcr\u00fc bulundu. Ledumahadi mafube isimli otobur dinozor, 12 ton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndayd\u0131 ve kal\u00e7alar\u0131 d\u00f6rt metre y\u00fcksekli\u011findeydi. Ledumahadi mafube, yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde D\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck kara canl\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir Afrika filinin kabaca iki kat\u0131yd\u0131. Witwatersrand \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden (Wits) paleontolog Prof. Jonah Choiniere’nin liderli\u011findeki uluslararas\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":383,"featured_media":29798,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,21],"tags":[523,3043,816,4144,4143,4153],"class_list":["post-29797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji","tag-afrika","tag-dinozor","tag-fosil","tag-jura-cagi","tag-ledumahadi-mafube","tag-yeni-bir-dinozor"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/383"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29797"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29797\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29798"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}