{"id":30124,"date":"2018-10-13T05:12:14","date_gmt":"2018-10-13T02:12:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=30124"},"modified":"2018-10-21T06:56:44","modified_gmt":"2018-10-21T03:56:44","slug":"shakespeare-goethe-ve-marx-parayi-tartisiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2018\/10\/13\/shakespeare-goethe-ve-marx-parayi-tartisiyor","title":{"rendered":"Shakespeare, Goethe ve Marx
\u2018para\u2019y\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00d6nce Shakespeare saz\u0131 eline al\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cAlt\u0131n! Sar\u0131, p\u0131r\u0131l p\u0131r\u0131l, halis alt\u0131n! Yok tanr\u0131lar\u2026<\/em>
\n\u015eu kadar\u0131 yeter bunun \u00e7evirmeye karay\u0131 aka; e\u011friyi do\u011fruya,<\/em>
\nK\u00f6t\u00fcy\u00fc iyiye; soysuzu soyluya; kocam\u0131\u015f\u0131 gence; y\u00fcreksizi yi\u011fide.<\/em>
\n\u2026 \u0130\u015fte bu<\/em>
\nRahiplerinizi, k\u00f6lelerinizi \u00e7eker al\u0131r elinizden;<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0130ngiliz \u015fair ve oyun yazar\u0131 William Shakespeare (1564-1616).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Koca adamlar\u0131n yast\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndan;<\/em>
\nBu sar\u0131 k\u00f6le<\/em>
\nBa\u011flar, \u00e7\u00f6zer dinleri; g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r\u0131 kutsar;<\/em>
\nC\u00fczaml\u0131ya bile tapt\u0131r\u0131r insan\u0131; al\u0131r h\u0131rs\u0131z\u0131,<\/em>
\nUnvan verir, ni\u015fan verir, \u015fan verir,<\/em>
\nOturtur senat\u00f6rle yan yana: budur<\/em>
\nKocam\u0131\u015f dulu yeniden gelin eden;<\/em>
\nHastanenin, \u00e7\u0131banlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rse kusaca\u011f\u0131 kad\u0131n\u0131<\/em>
\nAllar pullar da bu, ilkyaz\u0131na kavu\u015fturur.<\/em>
\n\u00c7ekil kar\u015f\u0131mdan, kahrolas\u0131 \u00e7amur,<\/em>
\n\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n orta mal\u0131 orospu, sen,<\/em>
\nUluslar\u0131 birbirine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren.\u201d<\/em>
\n(W. Shakespeare, Atinal\u0131 Timon<\/em>, \u00c7ev. Murat Belge)<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131na g\u00f6re gidiyoruz. S\u00f6z Goethe\u2019de:<\/p>\n

\"\"
Alman edebiyat\u00e7\u0131, ressam ve do\u011fabilimci Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cHay k\u00f6r \u015feytan! Ellerinin de ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n da<\/em>
\nKafan\u0131n da k\u0131\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n da senin olduklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k,<\/em>
\nAma sevine sevine zevkine vard\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcm bu \u015feyler<\/em>
\nBu y\u00fczden daha m\u0131 az benim?<\/em>
\nE\u011fer alt\u0131 dam\u0131zl\u0131k at\u0131n paras\u0131n\u0131 verirsem<\/em>
\nOnlar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7leri benim g\u00fc\u00e7lerim olmaz m\u0131?<\/em>
\nH\u0131zla gidenim ve zengin bir beyim ben<\/em>
\nSanki yirmi d\u00f6rt aya\u011f\u0131m varm\u0131\u015f gibi.\u201d<\/em>
\n(Goethe, Faust<\/em>)<\/p>\n

26 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki gen\u00e7 Marx, 1844 Elyazmalar\u0131<\/em> adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda bu iki ustan\u0131n yukar\u0131daki pasajlar\u0131n\u0131 aktard\u0131ktan sonra yorumlamaya ba\u015flar. Verdikleri \u00f6rnekleri tek tek ele al\u0131r ve kinayeli bir para-birey-toplum ili\u015fkisi analizi\/ele\u015ftirisi yapar. Konuyu \u015f\u00f6yle ba\u011flar:<\/p>\n

\"\"
Gen\u00e7 Karl Marx.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cE\u011fer sen insan\u0131 insan olarak ve onun d\u00fcnya ile ili\u015fkisini de insanal bir ili\u015fki olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcrsen, sevgiyi ancak sevgi ile, g\u00fcveni ancak g\u00fcven ile vb. de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirsin. E\u011fer sanattan zevk almak istersen, sanat k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne sahip bir insan olman gerekir; e\u011fer \u00f6b\u00fcr insanlar \u00fczerinde etkili olmak istersen, \u00f6b\u00fcr insanlar \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekten canland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve uyar\u0131c\u0131 bir etkisi bulunan bir insan olman gerekir. \u0130nsan ile -ve do\u011fa ile- ili\u015fkilerinin her biri, senin ger\u00e7ek bireysel ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n, iradenin nesnesine uygun d\u00fc\u015fen belirgin belirli bir belirtisi olmal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer sen kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 sevgi uyand\u0131rmadan seversen, yani senin sevgin, sevgi olarak, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131 uyand\u0131rmazsa, e\u011fer seven insan olarak senin dirimsel belirtin ile sen kendini sevilen insan durumuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fcyorsan, senin a\u015fk\u0131n erksizdir ve bu da bir mutsuzluktur.\u201d (K. Marx, 1844 Elyazmalar\u0131<\/em>, \u00c7ev. Kenan Somer, Sol Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1. bask\u0131, Temmuz 1976, s.234-2359<\/p>\n

Bu noktada sohbete bizim Kul Nesimi\u2019yi de dahil etmek gerek. Marx\u2019\u0131n uzun paragraf\u0131n\u0131 iki dizede \u00f6zetleyivermi\u015f Nesimi (ke\u015fke Marx onunla da tan\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131):<\/p>\n

\u201cG\u00fclden terazi tutarlar<\/em>
\nG\u00fcl\u00fc g\u00fcl ile tartarlar\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Ozanl\u0131k ba\u015fka bir \u015fey\u2026<\/p>\n

Ama Marx\u2019\u0131 da yabana atmayal\u0131m. Romantik Marx, ayn\u0131 eserinde \u015fu m\u00fcthi\u015f pasaj\u0131yla ozanl\u0131\u011fa yakla\u015f\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cNe kadar az yer, ne kadar az i\u00e7er, ne kadar az kitap sat\u0131n al\u0131r, tiyatroya, baloya, meyhaneye ne kadar az gider, ne kadar az d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, sever, kuram kurar, ne kadar az \u015fark\u0131 s\u00f6yler, konu\u015fur, k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 (eskrim) oynarsan, vb., o kadar \u00e7ok biriktirir<\/em>, ne g\u00fcvelerin ne de tozun yiyebilecekleri hazineni, sermayeni<\/em>, o kadar \u00e7ok art\u0131r\u0131rs\u0131n<\/em>. Sen ne kadar azsan<\/em>, ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 ne kadar az belirtirsen, o kadar \u00e7o\u011fa sahip<\/em> olursun, yabanc\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f<\/em> ya\u015fam\u0131n o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fcr, yabanc\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan o kadar \u00e7ok biriktirirsin.\u201d (ayn\u0131 eser, s.210)<\/p>\n

Bu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Marx\u2019\u0131n hen\u00fcz \u201cMarksist\u201d olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da an\u0131msatmak gerek.<\/p>\n

Kom\u00fcnist \u00fctopya \u015f\u00f6yle bir \u015fey: Dostlar\u0131n\u0131zla Hayyam\u2019\u0131n meyhanesine gidiyorsunuz, yan masada b\u00f6yle bir \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc -hafif \u00e7ak\u0131rkeyif- sohbet ediyor.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer masalar\u0131 da bir ara yazar\u0131z.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d6nce Shakespeare saz\u0131 eline al\u0131r: \u201cAlt\u0131n! Sar\u0131, p\u0131r\u0131l p\u0131r\u0131l, halis alt\u0131n! Yok tanr\u0131lar\u2026 \u015eu kadar\u0131 yeter bunun \u00e7evirmeye karay\u0131 aka; e\u011friyi do\u011fruya, K\u00f6t\u00fcy\u00fc iyiye; soysuzu soyluya; kocam\u0131\u015f\u0131 gence; y\u00fcreksizi yi\u011fide. \u2026 \u0130\u015fte bu Rahiplerinizi, k\u00f6lelerinizi \u00e7eker al\u0131r elinizden; Koca adamlar\u0131n yast\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndan; Bu sar\u0131 k\u00f6le Ba\u011flar, \u00e7\u00f6zer dinleri; g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r\u0131 kutsar; C\u00fczaml\u0131ya bile tapt\u0131r\u0131r […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":30125,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2314,1],"tags":[4195,4193,2729,4194,4191,4192],"class_list":["post-30124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-oykuleri","category-genel","tag-1844-elyazmalari","tag-johann-wolfgang-von-goethe","tag-karl-marx","tag-kul-nesimi","tag-para","tag-william-shakespeare"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t