G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi gaz ve toz bulutundan m\u0131 olu\u015ftu?<\/strong> \u201cG\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nin \u00fcyelerinin her iki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn de ayn\u0131 y\u00f6nde olu\u015fu, do\u011fal olarak hepsinin ayn\u0131 k\u00f6kenden geldi\u011fini, d\u00f6nen tek bir yap\u0131dan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Ger\u00e7ekte bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce hi\u00e7 de yeni de\u011fildir; ilk dile getirili\u015fi 18. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar uzan\u0131r. \u0130sve\u00e7li d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr Emanuel Swedenborg taraf\u0131ndan 1734\u2019te ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi, daha sonra Immanuel Kant geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u201cKant\u2019a g\u00f6re uzayda yava\u015f yava\u015f d\u00f6nen b\u00fcy\u00fck gaz bulutlar\u0131 k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim kuvvetinin etkisiyle giderek i\u00e7lerine \u00e7\u00f6ker, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr ve yass\u0131la\u015f\u0131rd\u0131; sonunda da bir y\u0131ld\u0131z ve onun \u00e7evresinde d\u00f6nen gezegenler olu\u015furdu. Buna benzer bir olu\u015fum modelini, 1796\u2019da Laplace Markisi Pierre-Simon da ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bulutsu varsay\u0131m\u0131 olarak bilinen bu model, G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in ve gezegenlerin olu\u015fumuna y\u00f6nelik ortaya at\u0131lan ilk bilimsel modeldi. Buna g\u00f6re ilk ba\u015fta a\u011f\u0131r a\u011f\u0131r d\u00f6nen, dev bir gaz ve toz bulutu vard\u0131. Bulut k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim kuvvetinin etkisiyle giderek k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc, yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131, h\u0131zland\u0131 ve bir dizi a\u015famadan ge\u00e7erek G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e ve onun \u00e7evresinde d\u00f6nen gezegenlere, uydulara ve G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6teki \u00fcyelerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130leri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6nemde mant\u0131kl\u0131 ve tutarl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bu modelin zamanla bir\u00e7ok hatal\u0131 yan\u0131 oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Model 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda g\u00f6zden d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve terk edildi.<\/p>\n \u201cDaha sonra G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nin olu\u015fumuna y\u00f6nelik yeni fikirler ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin, G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in yak\u0131n\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en ya da ona hafif\u00e7e \u00e7arpan bir y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019ten madde kopararak gezegenleri olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bir ba\u015fka teoriye g\u00f6re de bir zamanlar G\u00fcne\u015f bir ikili y\u0131ld\u0131z sisteminin ikinci y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130lk y\u0131ld\u0131z s\u00fcpernova yaparak i\u00e7eri\u011finin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc uzaya sa\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bu hammaddeden de G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in \u00e7evresindeki gezegenler olu\u015fmu\u015ftu. Ne var ki ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ya da fazlas\u0131yla zorlama oldu\u011fu hissedilen bu kuramlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri g\u00f6kbilimcilerce tam olarak benimsenmedi.<\/p>\n \u201c1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarla ba\u015flayan ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze dek h\u0131zla geli\u015fen gezegen ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 sayesinde, G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcyelerine ili\u015fkin \u00e7ok fazla veri elde edildi. Bu sayede daha \u00f6nce anla\u015f\u0131lmayan bir\u00e7ok konu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131; ku\u015fkusuz baz\u0131 yeni ve zor sorular da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131 de\u011fil. Zamanla gezegenlerin nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu\u011funa ili\u015fkin de bir model geli\u015ftirildi. Bug\u00fcn yayg\u0131n kabul g\u00f6ren yeni model, Sovyet g\u00f6kbilimci Victor S. Safronov\u2019un 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llardaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Laplace Markisi\u2019nin 200 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ortaya att\u0131\u011f\u0131 modeli \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran ama ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar farkl\u0131 olan bu yeni model G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00fcyelerinin bir\u00e7ok \u00f6zelli\u011fini tutarl\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliyor. Model ilk ba\u015flarda, do\u011fal olarak yaln\u0131zca G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Ama ba\u015fka y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n \u00e7evresinde d\u00f6nen gezegenler ke\u015ffedildik\u00e7e, evrensel bir kuram olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. O y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n ve onlar\u0131n gezegenlerinin de art\u0131k G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019ndekine benzer bir s\u00fcre\u00e7ten ge\u00e7erek olu\u015ftu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu kuram\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturan \u201cg\u00fcne\u015f bulutsusu\u201dna benzeyen baz\u0131 yap\u0131lar\u0131, art\u0131k g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc teleskoplar sayesinde \u00e7evremizdeki bir\u00e7ok gen\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7evresinde de g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.\u201d<\/p>\n Kaynak:<\/strong> G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde galaksimizden \u00e7ok uzaklarda bulunan g\u00f6kcisimlerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, \u00f6zelliklerine, olu\u015fumlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7ok say\u0131da bilgi sahibiyiz. Neredeyse her ay gazetelerde \u201cd\u00fcnya benzeri gezegen ke\u015ffedildi\u201d haberleri okuyoruz. Her ne kadar bu haberlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bilimsel geli\u015fmeleri pop\u00fclerle\u015ftirme ad\u0131na abart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya da \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f baz\u0131 bilgiler i\u00e7erse de astrofizik disiplininin son birka\u00e7 on y\u0131lda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir at\u0131l\u0131m ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":453,"featured_media":31526,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,3624,3256],"tags":[293,795,297,4374,1748,392],"class_list":["post-31525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomi","category-sorularla-bilim","category-uzay-ve-havacilik","tag-gezegenler","tag-gunes","tag-gunes-sistemi","tag-kartal-bulutsusu","tag-samanyolu","tag-uzay"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t
\n\u201cG\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019ndeki gezegenlerin iki temel hareketi vard\u0131r. Gezegenler, hem G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in \u00e7evresinde hem de kendi eksenlerinde d\u00f6ner. \u0130ki hareketin y\u00f6n\u00fc de ayn\u0131d\u0131r: G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in kendi ekseninde d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00f6ndedir, yani sisteme yukar\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, saatin tersi y\u00f6nde. Bunun yan\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn gezegenler G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in \u00e7evresinde, neredeyse ayn\u0131 d\u00fczlemde ilerler. Gezegenlerin y\u00f6r\u00fcnge d\u00fczlemlerinde yaln\u0131zca birka\u00e7 derecelik bir fark vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/kartal-bulutsusu.jpg\")
\n1) Sunay, \u00c7a\u011flar, 50 Soruda Evren<\/em>, Bilim ve Gelecek Kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2011, ss. 38-40.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"