{"id":31795,"date":"2019-01-13T01:44:52","date_gmt":"2019-01-12T22:44:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=31795"},"modified":"2019-01-13T12:34:04","modified_gmt":"2019-01-13T09:34:04","slug":"somut-matematik-dersleriyle-ogrencilerin-dikkat-surelerini-artirmak-ve-ezberciligin-onune-gecmek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/01\/13\/somut-matematik-dersleriyle-ogrencilerin-dikkat-surelerini-artirmak-ve-ezberciligin-onune-gecmek","title":{"rendered":"Somut Matematik Dersleriyle, \u00f6\u011frencilerin dikkat s\u00fcrelerini art\u0131rmak ve ezbercili\u011fin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek"},"content":{"rendered":"

(S\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011fretmeni)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alg\u0131lamay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yollar\u0131ndan biri de duyu say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131dan g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz, yakla\u015f\u0131p sesini duydu\u011funuz ve kucaklay\u0131p sar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir sevdi\u011finizi, mesela karde\u015finizi; en az \u00fc\u00e7 duyuyla test etmi\u015f olursunuz ve:<\/p>\n

– Aa sizi karde\u015fimle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f\u0131m deme ihtimaliniz olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. (yani o ki\u015fi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle karde\u015finizdir)<\/p>\n

Temel \u0130lkokul Matematik E\u011fitimi i\u00e7in de durum de\u011fi\u015fmez.<\/p>\n

\u015eekilleri, sembolleri, rakamlar\u0131 ve rakamlar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu say\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6rmek, okunu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretici yard\u0131m\u0131yla duymak ve \u00f6\u011frenmek, not almak yaz\u0131ya d\u00f6kmek.<\/p>\n

Buraya kadar olan k\u0131s\u0131mda \u00f6\u011fretmenler, materyal kullanmadan i\u015fledikleri matematik derslerinde; \u00f6\u011frencilerin ancak iki duyusuna hitap edebilirler. Anlam\u0131 ya da de\u011feri \u00dc\u00c7 olan \u00e7oklu\u011fun, sembol\u00fcn\u00fc (3) yazd\u0131rabilir, okunu\u015funu telaffuz ettirebilir fakat \u00e7okluk ifade eden \u00dc\u00c7\u2019e dokunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayamazs\u0131n\u0131z.\"\"<\/p>\n

Matematiksel kavramlar\u0131n do\u011falar\u0131 gere\u011fi soyut nitelikli olmalar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131, derslerinizde bu a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131; \u00e7okluklar\u0131n de\u011ferlerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen materyaller (say\u0131 \u00e7ubuklar\u0131, fasulye veya bezelye taneleri, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ta\u015flar, tahta bloklar vb\u2026) kullanarak kapatabilirsiniz. Yani duyu say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 3\u2019e \u00e7\u0131karabilirsiniz. \u015eundan eminim ki; e\u011fer say\u0131lar\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc birer kokusu ve birer tad\u0131 olsayd\u0131, matematik bizim i\u00e7in \u00e7ok daha anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r, alg\u0131lanabilir ve \u00e7ok daha az korkulur bir ders olurdu.<\/p>\n

\u0130lkokul 1. s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencileri i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bir matematik program\u0131: Somut Matematik
\n<\/strong>Somut Matematik Program\u0131\u2019n\u0131, \u00f6ncelikli olarak \u00f6\u011frencileri semboller ve rakamlardan uzak tutarak; \u00e7oklu\u011fun ger\u00e7ek boyutunu ( hacmi, k\u00fctlesi) g\u00f6rmesi dokunmas\u0131, hissetmesi ve aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri daha iyi kavramas\u0131 \u00fczerine planlad\u0131m. Bunun i\u00e7in, Cuisenaire Rods ismiyle d\u00fcnyada tan\u0131nan, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ismiyle \u201canalitik zek\u00e2 \u00e7ubuklar\u0131\u201dn\u0131 derslerimde somut materyal olarak kulland\u0131m.<\/p>\n

(Burada \u00e7ubuklar hakk\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm a\u00e7mam gerekiyor:<\/p>\n

1930-1950 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Bel\u00e7ika\u2019n\u0131n bir k\u00f6y okulunda, bir s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011fretmeni taraf\u0131ndan, 10 farkl\u0131 renk ve boyutlardaki \u00e7ubuklar; \u00f6\u011frenme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7eken \u00f6\u011frencilerine matematik ve m\u00fczik derslerinde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Uzunluklar\u0131 1 cm\u2019den 10 cm\u2019ye de\u011fi\u015fen, boyutlar\u0131 1 cm x 1 cm olan kare prizma \u015feklindeki \u00e7ubuklar, bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada elli binden fazla okulda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.)\"\"<\/p>\n

Program\u0131 haz\u0131rlamamdaki sebepler veya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktalar\u0131ndan biri \u015fudur:<\/p>\n

1.s\u0131n\u0131fta rakamlar\u0131, say\u0131lar\u0131 ve bunlara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen \u00e7okluklar\u0131 tam olarak zihnine oturtamam\u0131\u015f, yeterince kavrayamam\u0131\u015f bir \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in 2. s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7arp\u0131m tablosu veya \u00e7arpma i\u015flemi tam bir k\u00e2busa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. \u015eunu rahatl\u0131kla s\u00f6yleyebilirim ki; bir\u00e7ok insan\u0131n matematik ile ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n koptu\u011fu, bu derse kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kapatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer tam da buras\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yani bizlerin de m\u00fcdahale etmesi gereken yer, buras\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Somut Matematik Program\u0131\u2019n\u0131 k\u0131saca \u00f6zetlemem gerekirse
\n<\/strong>Program, \u2018Tan\u0131\u015fma\u2019 ismini verdi\u011fim, en az 3 ders saatinden olu\u015fan b\u00f6l\u00fcmle ba\u015fl\u0131yor. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn temel hedefi 10 farkl\u0131 renkteki \u00e7ubu\u011fu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n zihnine kodlamak. Oyun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015flenen bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde nerdeyse hi\u00e7 k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t, kalem kullan\u0131lm\u0131yor. Ortalama 1 ders s\u00fcresi 1 saat civar\u0131nda. Oyunlar her \u00e7ocu\u011fun aktif kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 gerektirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, \u00f6\u011frencilerimin dikkat s\u00fcrelerini olduk\u00e7a uzatabiliyorum. \u00c7o\u011fu kez zaman\u0131 unutup, derse devam etmek istiyorlar.\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde \u2018Simetri\u2019 kavram\u0131yla devam ettim \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu konu matemati\u011fin rakams\u0131z i\u015flenebilen bir konusudur. Rakamlara ve say\u0131lara ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce \u00f6\u011frencilerin olabildi\u011fince \u00e7ok \u00e7ubuklarla oynamalar\u0131n\u0131, dokunmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve ilgilenmelerini istiyorum. Ayr\u0131ca belirli \u00e7okluklar\u0131n ve katlar\u0131n\u0131n yan yana gelmesi; \u00f6nce g\u00f6rsel haf\u0131zalar\u0131na sonra da bilin\u00e7altlar\u0131na gitmelerini sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Bu da toplama ve katlama i\u00e7in altyap\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Program sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde ise s\u0131ras\u0131yla; toplama, katlama kavramlar\u0131yla devam ediyor. \u00c7ubuklar ve renkleri \u00fczerinde yeterince \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, onluk ve birlik kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 alg\u0131lam\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in matematik korkulacak bir ders olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Art\u0131k d\u00f6rt i\u015fleme giri\u015f yapmamda bir sak\u0131nca yok.<\/p>\n

Son b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ise ritmik sayma ve \u00e7arpma i\u015fleminin temelini olu\u015fturacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bana g\u00f6re matematik, sembol rakam ve \u015fekiller \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f evrensel bir dildir. Bilgiyi i\u015flemeyi, \u00fcretmeyi, tahminlerde bulunmay\u0131 ve bu dili kullanarak problem \u00e7\u00f6zmeyi i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n

Global E\u011fitim Sistemi i\u00e7inde \u00f6\u011fretmenler olarak nihai hedefimiz: \u2018K\u0131sa vadede problem \u00e7\u00f6zebilen, uzun vadede krizi y\u00f6netebilen bireyleri topluma kazand\u0131rmak\u2019 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131kla ve huzurla kal\u0131n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(S\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011fretmeni) Alg\u0131lamay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yollar\u0131ndan biri de duyu say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131dan g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz, yakla\u015f\u0131p sesini duydu\u011funuz ve kucaklay\u0131p sar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir sevdi\u011finizi, mesela karde\u015finizi; en az \u00fc\u00e7 duyuyla test etmi\u015f olursunuz ve: – Aa sizi karde\u015fimle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f\u0131m deme ihtimaliniz olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. (yani o ki\u015fi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle karde\u015finizdir) Temel \u0130lkokul Matematik E\u011fitimi i\u00e7in de durum de\u011fi\u015fmez. \u015eekilleri, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1863,"featured_media":31796,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,1],"tags":[4426,276,208,4425],"class_list":["post-31795","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-genel","tag-analitik-zeka-cubuklari","tag-egitim","tag-matematik","tag-somut-matematik-dersleri"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31795","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1863"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31795"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31795\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31796"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31795"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31795"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31795"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}