{"id":31823,"date":"2019-01-14T01:00:17","date_gmt":"2019-01-13T22:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=31823"},"modified":"2019-01-13T23:57:19","modified_gmt":"2019-01-13T20:57:19","slug":"uzak-ve-yakin-evrenden-tuhaf-haberler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/01\/14\/uzak-ve-yakin-evrenden-tuhaf-haberler","title":{"rendered":"Uzak ve yak\u0131n evrenden tuhaf haberler"},"content":{"rendered":"

6-10 Ocak tarihlerinde Seattle\u2019da Amerikan Astronomi Derne\u011fi\u2019nin 233. toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenlendi. Toplant\u0131da yap\u0131lan konu\u015fmalar\u0131n, d\u00fczenlenen at\u00f6lyelerin ve sunulan posterlerin say\u0131s\u0131 2500\u2019\u00fc a\u015f\u0131nca d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6teki ucundaki bizlere toplant\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcndem yaratan ve bilim haberleri sitelerine sirayet eden iki ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 c\u0131mb\u0131zlamak d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Uzaktan yak\u0131na do\u011fru gelerek ba\u015flayal\u0131m. \u0130lki D\u00fcnya\u2019ya 1,5 milyar \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131 uzakl\u0131ktaki mesafeden gelip g\u00fcndememize oturan, kayna\u011f\u0131 belirsiz bir H\u0131zl\u0131 Radyo Dalgas\u0131 Patlamas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

FRB 180814.J0422+73 kimin marifeti?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Saniyenin binde biri uzunlu\u011fundaki bu radyo dalgas\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmeyi ba\u015faran, Kanada\u2019n\u0131n British Columbia b\u00f6lgesindeki bir g\u00f6zlemevinin Hidrojen Yo\u011funlu\u011funu Haritaland\u0131rma Deneyi (CHIME) kapsam\u0131nda i\u015fletti\u011fi devasa radyo teleskop oldu. Teleskopun 100 metre uzunlu\u011fundaki d\u00f6rt anteninin as\u0131l g\u00f6revi g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok geni\u015f kesimlerini ayn\u0131 anda tarayarak kuzey yar\u0131k\u00fcre semalar\u0131n\u0131 haritaland\u0131rmak. Ancak aletin hen\u00fcz tam kapasite \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2018 yaz aylar\u0131nda sinyal i\u015fletim sistemine, 13 beklenmedik radyo dalgas\u0131 patlamas\u0131 tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Bunu Ekim ay\u0131nda 6 yeni sinyal izlemi\u015f. \u0130\u015fte bu dalgalardan biri, hadi ad\u0131n\u0131 da koyal\u0131m FRB 180814.J0422+73 (yani -rakamlar\u0131 takip edersek- 2018\u2019in 8. ay\u0131n\u0131n 14\u2019\u00fcnde d\u00fcnyaya ula\u015fan <\/span>fast radio burst<\/span><\/i>), di\u011ferlerinden biraz farkl\u0131. Yukar\u0131da, gezegenimize 1.5 milyar \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131 uzakl\u0131ktan geliyor dedi\u011fimiz bu sinyal, ola\u011fan radyo dalgalar\u0131 gibi tek sefer de\u011fil, 6 sefer tekrar eder bir \u015fablonla CHIME\u2019ye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
CHIME radyo teleskobunun gece g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc. Kaynak: Andre Renard, Dunlop Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, CHIME.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

9 Ocak g\u00fcn\u00fc Amerikan Astronomi Derne\u011fi\u2019nin toplant\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen bir bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131na ve ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn <\/span>Nature<\/span><\/i> dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan iki makaleye konu olan bu kozmik fenomenin kayna\u011f\u0131 onu ilgin\u00e7 yapan as\u0131l nokta. Zira bu kaynak, yani radyo dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n nereden geldi\u011fi hen\u00fcz tam olarak bilinmiyor. Bu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcksek enerjili emisyonlar\u0131n n\u00f6trino y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131ndan geliyor olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyenler de var, birtak\u0131m geli\u015fmi\u015f uzay medeniyetlerinden s\u00f6z edenler de\u2026 Ancak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n ifadeleri CHIME\u2019nin bulgular\u0131ndan bir uzayl\u0131 hikayesi dev\u015firmek isteyenleri hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011fratacak gibi. Zira bu dalgalar ilk defa g\u00f6zlenmiyor. \u0130lk sinyal 2007\u2019de Duncan Lorimer taraf\u0131ndan Avustralya\u2019daki bir g\u00f6zlemevinin ar\u015fivinde tespit edilmi\u015f. Bunu 2018 yaz\u0131na kadar farkl\u0131 g\u00f6zlemevlerinin sinyal al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na tak\u0131lan 60 emisyon izlemi\u015f. Son olarak s\u0131ra CHIME\u2019ninkilere gelmi\u015f. Hal b\u00f6yle olunca, yani ayn\u0131 olgu s\u0131k tekrar eder bir hal al\u0131nca do\u011fal bir a\u00e7\u0131klamaya sahip olma ihtimali de haliyle art\u0131yor. Nitekim CHIME\u2019ye ula\u015fan tekrar dalgas\u0131 da t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ikinci \u00f6rne\u011fi. 2016\u2019da tespit edilen ilki, FRB 121102, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karde\u015finden 3 kat uzakl\u0131ktaki bir mesafeden Porto Riko\u2019daki Arecibo G\u00f6zlemevi\u2019ne ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Velhas\u0131l bu dalgalar\u0131n galaksiler aras\u0131 bo\u015f uzay\u0131n yo\u011fun ve \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 bir yerlerinden geldi\u011finin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen Shriharsh Tendukar (CHIME projesinin ilk ismi) tam bir kayna\u011fa i\u015faret etmeksizin \u015fu temkinli ifadeleri kullan\u0131yor:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBu dalgalar evrende ilerlerken elektronlarla ve evrendeki manyetik alanla etkile\u015fime giriyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bunlardan dafa fazla say\u0131da tespit etmek geli\u015f hatlar\u0131 boyunca girdikleri bu etkile\u015fimlere dair fikir vererek maddenin evrendeki da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla ilgili bir\u015feyler anlatm\u0131\u015f olacak. Bu dalgalar i\u00e7in bir nevi evrenin tomografisini sunacak diyebiliriz.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Bekleyip g\u00f6rece\u011fiz…<\/span><\/p>\n

AT2018cow kimin marifeti?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kayna\u011f\u0131 belirsiz iki numaral\u0131 gizemli kozmik fenomen haberi Samanyolu\u2019nun kom\u015fular\u0131ndan CGCG137-068 isimli c\u00fcce galaksiden geldi. 16 Haziran 2018\u2019de, Hawaii\u2019de bulunan ATLAS ikiz teleskoplar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan, D\u00fcnya\u2019dan sadece 200 milyon \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131 uzakta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen anormal \u015fiddette bir kozmik parlama tespit edildi. AT2018cow ya da k\u0131saca The Cow olarak isimlendirilen bu ani \u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7akmas\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 da CHIME\u2019nin yakalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 radyo dalgalar\u0131 gibi \u015fimdilik sadece spek\u00fclasyon konusu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
The Cow\u2019un Hawaii Maunakea\u2019daki W.M. Keck G\u00f6zlemevi\u2019ne gelen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc. Kaynak: Raffaella Margutti\/Northwestern \u00dcniversitesi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Aniden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan neredeyse ayn\u0131 h\u0131zla ortadan kaybolmas\u0131, ilk etapta, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir h\u0131zla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen s\u00fcpernova patlamas\u0131 ihtimalini d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rakt\u0131. Peki bir beyaz c\u00fcce, yani y\u0131ld\u0131z art\u0131\u011f\u0131 olabilir miydi? Galaksimiz Samanyolu\u2019nda s\u0131k rastlanan bu ihtimalden de, The Cow\u2019un olay ufkunun galaksimiz d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir noktada bulundu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle vazge\u00e7ildi. Zira bir beyaz c\u00fccenin s\u00f6z konusu mesafeden g\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin imkans\u0131z oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylendi. Hal b\u00f6yle olunca d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt yan\u0131ndan teleskoplar imdada yeti\u015ferek bir yan\u0131t bulma umuduyla y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc AT2018cow\u2019a \u00e7evirdiler. G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k 16 g\u00fcn boyunca parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yitirmeden ve herhangi bir spektrum de\u011fi\u015fimi g\u00f6stermeden varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi -ki The Cow\u2019u as\u0131l tuhaf ve al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k k\u0131lan tam da buydu- farkl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurumlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir nevi i\u015fbirli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131. Ve nihayet, hen\u00fcz kesinlik kazanmam\u0131\u015f da olsa, Amerikan Astronomi Derne\u011fi\u2019nin 233. toplant\u0131s\u0131na bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yeti\u015ftirildi. Northwestern \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde fizik ve astronomi profes\u00f6r\u00fc Raffaella Margutti\u2019nin, 10 Ocak 2019 g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fczenlenen bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131ndaki ilgili ifadelerini aynen al\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131yoruz:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cX \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve UV emisyon analizlerine bakarak The Cow\u2019a bir beyaz c\u00fccenin bir kara delik taraf\u0131ndan yutulmas\u0131n\u0131n neden olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fck. Ancak farkl\u0131 dalgaboylar\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z daha ileri spektrum tetkikleri bizleri ba\u015fka bir sonuca g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc: The Cow birle\u015fme halindeki bir kara deli\u011fin veya n\u00f6tron y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunu g\u00f6steriyor. Kuramsal a\u00e7\u0131dan kara deliklerin ve n\u00f6tron y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde olu\u015ftu\u011funu biliyoruz. Ancak bunlar\u0131n do\u011fduktan hemen sonraki anlar\u0131na asla tan\u0131k olamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Asla!\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kaynaklar<\/b><\/p>\n

1) Nature Podcast: Fast Radio Bursts and new year future gazing, 9 Ocak 2019; https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-019-00089-x#MO0.<\/span><\/p>\n

2) Birth Of A Black Hole Or Neutron Star Captured For The First Time, 10 Ocak 2019, W.M. Keck G\u00f6zlemevi bas\u0131n b\u00fclteni; http:\/\/keckobservatory.org\/cow.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

6-10 Ocak tarihlerinde Seattle\u2019da Amerikan Astronomi Derne\u011fi\u2019nin 233. toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenlendi. Toplant\u0131da yap\u0131lan konu\u015fmalar\u0131n, d\u00fczenlenen at\u00f6lyelerin ve sunulan posterlerin say\u0131s\u0131 2500\u2019\u00fc a\u015f\u0131nca d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6teki ucundaki bizlere toplant\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcndem yaratan ve bilim haberleri sitelerine sirayet eden iki ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 c\u0131mb\u0131zlamak d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Uzaktan yak\u0131na do\u011fru gelerek ba\u015flayal\u0131m. \u0130lki D\u00fcnya\u2019ya 1,5 milyar \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131 uzakl\u0131ktaki mesafeden gelip g\u00fcndememize oturan, kayna\u011f\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":184,"featured_media":31825,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,19],"tags":[4437,4436,4434,4435],"class_list":["post-31823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomi","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-amerikan-astronomi-dernegi","tag-at2018cow","tag-chime","tag-hizli-radyo-dalgasi-patlamalari"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31823","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/184"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31823"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31823\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31825"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31823"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31823"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31823"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}